Protein synthesis model
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis, which occurs in two steps: transcription and translation. In transcription, DNA is unwound and an mRNA strand is created using nucleotides. In translation, the mRNA strand is sent to the cytoplasm where it binds to a ribosome. tRNA molecules then bind to the ribosome and bring amino acids specified by the mRNA code. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a protein chain.
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The document describes the process of transcription and translation in prokaryotic cells. During transcription, RNA polymerase unwinds DNA and synthesizes mRNA using complementary base pairing. The mRNA then exits the nucleus. During translation, the mRNA binds to ribosomes where tRNA matches codons and amino acids are linked together via peptide bonds to form a protein.
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This document outlines the process of protein synthesis, which occurs in two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is unwound by RNA polymerase in the nucleus to produce mRNA. The mRNA then exits the nucleus and binds to a ribosome in the cytoplasm during translation. tRNAs bring amino acids to the ribosome based on codon-anticodon complementarity. The amino acids are linked via peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein structure.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis through transcription and translation. It provides two examples (SET A and SET B) that go through the steps of: 1) completing the DNA strand, 2) transcribing the DNA into mRNA, and 3) translating the mRNA into an amino acid sequence at the ribosome. For each example, it lists the number of codons, amino acids, and base pairs involved.
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The document describes the process of transcription and translation in prokaryotic cells. During transcription, RNA polymerase unwinds DNA and synthesizes mRNA using complementary base pairing. The mRNA then exits the nucleus. During translation, the mRNA binds to ribosomes where tRNA matches codons and amino acids are linked together via peptide bonds to form a protein.
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This document outlines the process of protein synthesis, which occurs in two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is unwound by RNA polymerase in the nucleus to produce mRNA. The mRNA then exits the nucleus and binds to a ribosome in the cytoplasm during translation. tRNAs bring amino acids to the ribosome based on codon-anticodon complementarity. The amino acids are linked via peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein structure.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis through transcription and translation. It provides two examples (SET A and SET B) that go through the steps of: 1) completing the DNA strand, 2) transcribing the DNA into mRNA, and 3) translating the mRNA into an amino acid sequence at the ribosome. For each example, it lists the number of codons, amino acids, and base pairs involved.
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This flip book depicts the process of protein synthesis, showing how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes into a polypeptide chain. The flip book steps through transcription, where RNA polymerase copies DNA into mRNA, then translation, where the mRNA passes through the ribosome and interacts with tRNA and rRNA to add amino acids in the correct order specified by codons until a full protein is synthesized.
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The document shows the process of protein synthesis:
1) In the nucleus, RNA polymerase unzips DNA and copies its sequence into a messenger RNA (mRNA) strand.
2) The mRNA exits the nucleus through the nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm.
3) In the cytoplasm, the mRNA binds to a ribosome which reads its sequence in groups of three bases (codons).
4) Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules matching these codons bring specific amino acids to the ribosome.
5) The amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain, which later folds into a functional protein.
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Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus where DNA is unzipped and RNA polymerase adds complementary RNA nucleotides to the DNA template strand, forming mRNA. The mRNA is processed - a cap and tail are added and introns are removed. The completed mRNA contains codons of three nucleotides that code for amino acids. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm where the mRNA binds to ribosomes and tRNA molecules with matching anticodons deliver amino acids specified by mRNA codons, assembling the polypeptide chain specified by the mRNA.
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This flip book depicts the process of protein synthesis, showing how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes into a polypeptide chain. The flip book steps through transcription, where RNA polymerase copies DNA into mRNA, then translation, where the mRNA passes through the ribosome and interacts with tRNA and rRNA to add amino acids in the correct order specified by codons until a full protein is synthesized.
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This document is a flip book that summarizes the process of protein synthesis. It shows how DNA is transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase in the nucleus. The mRNA is then transported out of the nucleus through the nuclear pore and binds to the ribosome in the cytoplasm. The ribosome reads the mRNA codons and binds transfer RNA (tRNA) with complementary anticodons. The tRNA brings amino acids to form peptide bonds and a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein.
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This flip book depicts the process of protein synthesis, showing how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes into a polypeptide chain. The flip book steps through transcription, where RNA polymerase copies DNA into mRNA, then translation, where the mRNA passes through the ribosome and interacts with tRNA and rRNA to add amino acids in the correct order specified by codons until a full protein is synthesized.
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The document describes the process of transcription and translation in a cell. RNA polymerase unwinds DNA and creates an mRNA strand in the nucleus. The mRNA strand then moves to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore. In the cytoplasm, the mRNA strand binds to a ribosome where tRNA brings amino acids to add to a growing polypeptide chain based on the mRNA codons. The polypeptide chain then folds into the final 3D protein structure.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis, which occurs in two steps: transcription and translation. In transcription, DNA is unwound and an mRNA strand is created using nucleotides. In translation, the mRNA strand is sent to the cytoplasm where it binds to a ribosome. tRNA molecules then bind to the ribosome and add amino acids specified by the mRNA code, forming a peptide bond between amino acids and creating a protein chain.
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The document describes the process of protein synthesis, which occurs in two steps: transcription and translation. In transcription, DNA is unwound and an mRNA strand is created using nucleotides. The mRNA strand is then released and the DNA strands rebind. In translation, the mRNA moves to the cytoplasm and binds to ribosomes. tRNA molecules bind to the ribosome according to the mRNA code, and each tRNA connects to a specific amino acid. Translation begins as tRNA molecules form base pairs with the mRNA, and peptide bonds form between the amino acids, creating a protein.
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DNA replication begins at the origin of replication where DNA helicase unwinds and unzips the double helix. DNA polymerase reads the bases on one strand and adds complementary bases to the other strand. The leading strand is replicated continuously while the lagging strand is replicated discontinuously in fragments called Okazaki fragments. DNA primase adds primers to fill in the lagging strand, and DNA ligase seals the fragments together with phosphodiester bonds.
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This protein synthesis flip book illustrates the process of transcription and translation. It shows DNA being transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase in the nucleus. The mRNA is then transported to the cytoplasm where it passes through ribosomes. During this process, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules match to the mRNA codons and add amino acids to form a polypeptide chain through peptide bonds. Eventually a full protein is synthesized from the mRNA instructions.
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The document summarizes the process of protein synthesis. It describes how RNA polymerase unwinds DNA and copies it to mRNA. The mRNA strand then exits the nucleus through the nuclear pore and moves to ribosomes. At the ribosomes, the mRNA is read and translated to form a polypeptide chain of amino acids.
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The document outlines the process of protein synthesis which has two main parts - transcription and translation. In transcription, mRNA strands are created in the nucleus from a DNA template with the help of RNA polymerase. The mRNA then exits the nucleus through nuclear pores. In translation, which occurs in the cytoplasm, ribosomes read the mRNA to produce a protein. Transfer RNA molecules match their anticodons to mRNA codons and bring corresponding amino acids. The amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain, which becomes a protein when translation is complete.
Presentation1
The document shows the process of protein synthesis:
1) In the nucleus, RNA polymerase unzips DNA and copies its sequence into a messenger RNA (mRNA) strand.
2) The mRNA exits the nucleus through the nuclear pore and enters the cytoplasm.
3) In the cytoplasm, the mRNA binds to a ribosome which reads its sequence in groups of three bases (codons).
4) Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules matching these codons bring specific amino acids to the ribosome.
5) The amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain, which later folds into a functional protein.
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The document is a flip book that summarizes the key steps of protein synthesis: 1) DNA is unwound in the cell nucleus and an mRNA strand is produced, 2) the mRNA strand moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where ribosomes are located, 3) ribosomes read the mRNA strand and amino acids are attached through peptide bonds to form a protein, which then folds into its tertiary structure.
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The document summarizes the process of protein synthesis. DNA in the nucleus is transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase. The mRNA then exits the nucleus and binds to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. The ribosome reads the mRNA and uses transfer RNA molecules to add amino acids to form a protein chain. The protein folds into its final shape.
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The document discusses protein synthesis in cells. It explains that RNA polymerase in the cell nucleus reads DNA and synthesizes mRNA. The mRNA then exits the nucleus through nuclear pores and binds to ribosomes. At the ribosomes, tRNA matches codons on the mRNA and releases amino acids, forming peptide bonds between amino acids to create a polypeptide chain. When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, the polypeptide releases and folds into its tertiary structure to become a functional protein.
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The process of transcription begins in the cell nucleus, where RNA polymerase breaks apart DNA and uses it as a template to create mRNA strands. During this process, thymine is replaced with uracil to form RNA. The mRNA strand then exits the nucleus through a nuclear pore. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, where the mRNA is read by ribosomes in groups of three codons. Transfer RNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome based on codon-anticodon base pairing. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, the growing polypeptide chain is released once a stop codon is reached.
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Protein synthesis model
- 1. Protein Synthesis By Steven Detrie
- 38. Summary The first step is transcription. The first step in transcription is the unwinding of the DNA molecule so that some DNA that codes for the needed protein can be transcribed. After the DNA molecule unwinds, the enzyme, RNA polymerase lines up nucleotides to create a strand of mRNA. After transcription, the new RNA strand is released and the two unzipped DNA strands bind together again. Since after this occurs the DNA strand is back to normal this step can repeat.
- 39. Summary The next step is Translation. In this, mRNA is sent to the cytoplasm, where it binds to the RNA. Once the mRNA is in place, tRNA molecules bind to the ribosome defined by the mRNA code. At its tail end, tRNA has a “stem” that attaches to a specific amino acid. At its head, it has three nucleotides that make up an anticodon. Translation begins with the binding of the mRNA chain to the ribosome. The tRNA molecule forms a base pair with the mRNA. A peptide bond is formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA.