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Protein synthesis model
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- 38. Summary The first stepis transcription. The first step in transcription is the unwinding of the DNA molecule so that some DNA that codes for the needed protein can be transcribed. After the DNA molecule unwinds, the enzyme, RNA polymerase lines up nucleotides to create a strand of mRNA. After transcription, the new RNA strand is released and the two unzipped DNA strands bind together again. Since after this occurs the DNA strand is back to normal this step can repeat.
- 39. Summary The next stepis Translation. In this, mRNA is sent to the cytoplasm, where it binds to the RNA. Once the mRNA is in place, tRNA molecules bind to the ribosome defined by the mRNA code. At its tail end, tRNA has a “stem” that attaches to a specific amino acid. At its head, it has three nucleotides that make up an anticodon. Translation begins with the binding of the mRNA chain to the ribosome. The tRNA molecule forms a base pair with the mRNA. A peptide bond is formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA.