This document provides tips for protecting a computer. It discusses placing the computer in a safe location away from moisture, dust, and shocks. It recommends using a surge protector and cleaning out dust regularly. The document also recommends backing up data, using antivirus software, keeping the operating system updated, and enabling firewalls to protect against viruses, hackers, spam and theft. Physical security measures like locking doors and using security cables for laptops are also suggested.

1. 1
1PROTECTING YOUR
COMPUTER
Presented by
Muhammad Zameer Athar
Roll no:3022
Bs(IT)Evening
University of Education Lahore
(Okara Campus)

2. Overview 2
 The Basics of protection:
 Placement of your computer
 Powering your computer
 Heat, your computer’s worst enemy
 Caring for your computer & Physical damage
 Protecting your computer against:
 Data Loss
 Viruses
 Hackers
 Spam
 Theft

3. Placement of your Computer 3
 Your computer is composed of many sensitive parts. In placing your computer
you should avoid locations that would put your computer at risk of:
 Falling or Tipping over
 Having things fall on them
 Having things spill on them
 Being exposed to moisture
 Being exposed to excessive dust
Your computer’s hard drive is extremely sensitive to shock, this includes any
bumps, thuds or large vibrations that your computer may experience. Large, or
even small repeated shocks can lead to data loss or complete hard disk failure.
In addition moisture damages the electrical components inside of your computer
and can lead to short circuits and component failure.

4. Hard Drives are EXTREMELY 4
Sensitive!

5. Powering your computer 5
 A clean, steady power source is essential to stable computer
operation. Your computer’s power supply has specific operating
voltages that it must maintain in order for your computer to operate.
 Power surges or spikes are deadly to unprotected computers (and
all electronics) because they supply electrical components with
voltages that are too high, literally frying them.
 To protect your computer against power surges and to ensure that
your computer has a clean and steady power source:
 Plug your computer into a surge protector or UPS
Belkin (ww.Belkin.com) and APC (www.APC.com) make
excellent ones that you can purchase from the bookstore.
 If possible avoid plugging your computer into an outlet with other
large equipment such as air conditioners, refrigerators, or high
wattage lights.

6. Heat: Your computer’s worst 6
enemy
 As computer get faster, their components get hotter. Some
hard drives and processors produce enough heat to burn you if
you were to touch them. And that much heat is just as bad for a
computer as it is for you.
Computers use fans to cool their components. These fans
draw in the cooler outside air and circulate it throughout the
case. But along with the cooler air comes dust. Dust is
notorious for getting into the fan’s ball bearings, and once the
dust mixes with the lubricants it forms a near solid and causes
the fan to stop spinning.

7. Heat: Your computer’s enemy 7
enemy
Once the fan stops spinning your computer’s components
begin to over-heat. Eventually your computer will lock up as it
reaches a temperature that is beyond its operating range, and if it is
not shut down and continues to heat permanent damage will be
done to your hardware. The computer’s hard disk and processor
are the components that are most vulnerable to over-heating.
 To protect your computer from over-heating:
 Periodically vacuum or blow out your desktop computer
 Periodically clean any dust filters or install them if none exist
 Whenever possible place your computer in a cool room
 Set your computer’s hard drive to turn off after a specified period of
inactivity
 Turn off your computer, or set it to go to stand-by mode when it is not in
use

8. Heat: Your computer’s worst 8
enemy

9. Cleaning Your Computer 9
 Many people don’t clean their computer simply because they don’t know
how. However, failure to clean your computer is the cause for most
hardware failures. Here are a few ways to keep your computer clean:
 Keep the room that your computer is in clean because any dirt and dust that
accumulates in the room will eventually make its way inside your computer.
 Desktops: Unplug your computer and remove the side panel, then use a can
of compressed air to blow out your computer. A small vacuum will also work
for this. Also blow out your keyboard and any other visible dust.
 Laptops: Locate the air vents on your laptop, these are generally on the side
towards the rear, and use a can of compressed air to blow out the inside of
your laptop. You can also blow out the keyboard
 To clean your monitor or LCD flat panel, turn it off, then use a soft damp
cloth to wipe it clean (special CRT or LCD cleaners are also available), then
use another soft dry cloth to dry the screen. Turn it back on and you’re
done.
Note: compressed air can be purchased at the campus bookstore, or anywhere computer
supplies are sold.

10. Cleaning Your Computer 10

11. Protecting against Data Loss 11
 You’ve all known someone that has “lost everything!” Data loss is
one of a computer users worst nightmare's, and can be prevented,
or at least made tolerable by taking a few steps. To avoid losing
your valuable data:
 Keep your computer clean and cool by following the previous steps.
This will ensure that it won’t over-heat, Which is one of the leading
causes of hard disk failure.
 Keep backups, there are a variety of cheap backup mediums today.
CDR’s or DVD-R’s are one of the most cost effective methods of backing
up large amounts of data. Zip drives & Jazz drives are also popular
methods of backing up data onto disks.
 Save your work often. Or better yet set the Autosave feature in
Microsoft Word to 2 or 3 minutes. This can be found under
ToolsOptionsSave for PC and under EditPreferencesSave for
Macs.

12. Protecting against data loss 12

13. Protecting Against Viruses 13
 Computer viruses are no longer something you hear about but no
one ever gets. They are real and can circle the globe in a matter
of hours. To help prevent your computer against Viruses
infection:
 Run a reliable anti-virus program. Norton Antivirus &
MacAfee Antivirus are excellent programs. Stanford Provides
the latest versions of Norton for free download on the
essential software download page (ess.stanford.edu)
 Configure your Antivirus program to scan for viruses at least
once a week. This will require you to create a new scheduled
scan and will differ slightly for each Antivirus program.
 Configure your Antivirus program to automatically download
the latest virus definitions.
 Delete, and do not open any emails or attachments from
unknown sources.

14. Protecting Against Hackers 14
 Unfortunately hacking has become a real concern in today’s society.
Last year at least 4 students on campus had their hard disks
erased after at the hands of hackers. To protect your computer
against hackers here are a few things you can do:
 Set a good password on your computer (one that is not easily
guessable)
 Disable any networking features that you are not using, such as:
file & print sharing
 Keep your OS up to date: http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com
 Run a personal firewall such as:
 Black Ice (http://blackice.iss.net/index.php)
 Lockdown 2000 (http://www.lockdowncorp.com)
 Zone Alarm (http://www.zonealarm.com)
 Outpost Firewall (http://www.outpostfirewall.com)

15. OS Updates 15

16. Firewalls 16

17. Protecting Against Spam 17
 Junk email, we all get it, but how do you stop it… Well the
answer is you don’t. Once you’re on a list, its virtually
impossible to get yourself off. But you can prevent yourself
from getting on the list in the first place. Here’s how:
 Delete spam as soon as you receive it, don’t reply to the message in an
attempt to get yourself removed. When you reply it lets them know that
there is a real person on the other end and that their advertisement is
reaching people.
 Set your cookie security level. For PC’s run IE 6 and set your cookie
privacy to medium high
 Do not install shareware, nothing in this world is truly free, shareware is
loaded with spyware that tracks your internet usage and sends you
targeted advertising!
 Download and install a spyware removal tool such as:
 Spy Sweeper 3.0 (http://ess.stanford.edu)
 AdAware (http://www.lavasoftusa.com)

18. Spyware Removal Tools 18

19. Protecting Against Theft 19
 There’s no point in taking all of the above steps if you don’t have
a computer to implement them on. Here are a few tips to ensure
that your computer, stays remains YOUR computer:
 Always lock your door, especially during parties or times when large groups
of non-Murray residents are present. Laptops are easy prey for someone
poking their head in your room.
 At the airport, never take your eye off of you baggage as it goes through the
X-ray machine. Laptop bags are easy to spot, and its easy for someone to
“mistakenly” pick up your laptop while your busy emptying your pockets of all
of your change…
 Purchase a security cable for you laptop or flat panel display. Virtually all
laptops manufactured in the last 4 or 5 years include a security port that is
compatible with a security cable. Cables can be purchased from Fry’s
electronics or online for about $15-30
 Belkin (http://www.belkin.com)
 Kensington (http://kensington.com/)