SlideShare a Scribd company logo
What is a
proposal?
A proposal is a formal report to
convince the reader to approve
new ideas / plans.
Purpose
• To give suggestions to meet objectives
• To provide specific details
• To outline steps to be taken or a course of
action
• To convince the reader that the plans are
worth carrying out
Language
 Be polite
 Be clear and specific
 Be formal
 Be persuasive
 Use transition words to show development
of plan
 Use the present tense and future aspect
 Use ‘will’ to show positivity about results
and benefits
 Use sentence starters like ‘I feel’, ‘I hope’,
‘I think’ in giving suggestions
Format(Date)
To: (Recipient)
 “Proposal for…”
 A proposal usually has an intended recipient to accord respect &
politeness, though it can be optional at times.
(The Introductory Paragraph)
 A SUMMARY of your plan and ideas (state your purpose!)
Remember the 5‘Wh’ & 1‘Hw’ questions
(The Body - Paragraphs)
 Elaborate ideas sufficiently and relevantly with PEEL structure  start
with the most important to the least important
 Develop each new bullet in a new paragraph
proposal
Format
(The Concluding Paragraph)
 SUM UP and make one last bid to convince your reader!
Thank you.
Proposed by
_(Signature)_
(full name)
(other relevant information e.g. position)
Format
(Date)
To: (Recipient)
Re: Underlined title – “Proposal for…”
(The Introductory Paragraph)
(The Body - paragraphs)
(The Concluding Paragraph)
Thank you.
Proposed by
_(Signature)_
(full name)
(other relevant information e.g. position)
proposal
Remembering FLAP
 Format – as above
 Audience:
- The intended audience
(either an individual or
group, e.g. members of a
board)
- Remember the wider
audience if the proposal
may be printed in a
magazine, etc.
 Purpose:
- To convince the reader, not
to tell or dictate!
 Language features:
- Predominantly present &
future aspect of tense
- Use of modals to reflect
courtesy & politeness (may,
might, could, should)
- Avoid wrong modals and
direct auxiliary verbs like
‘must’, ‘I am selecting’, ‘this
is what we will be doing’.
- Remember your tone! You
are recommending, not
dictating
Remembering FLAP
 Language features:
- Write in a factual manner,
using appropriate register.
Avoid using unnecessary
adjectives and adverbs that
will make your proposal
sound ‘cheesy’, e.g. ‘I am
sure that if you, Sir, agree
with my most humble
proposal, the whole school
will be blessed and we will
excel forever more! Viva la
Nan Hua’

More Related Content

What's hot

Technical Report writing
Technical Report writingTechnical Report writing
Technical Report writing
Gurukrushna Patnaik
 
Precis writing
Precis writingPrecis writing
Precis writing
Ayesha Maqsood
 
Proposal writing
Proposal writingProposal writing
Proposal writing
Chitra Amitshah
 
Introduction to Academic writing
Introduction to Academic writing Introduction to Academic writing
Introduction to Academic writing lala firdaus
 
Report writing
Report writingReport writing
Report writingimporterss
 
Summary
SummarySummary
Summary
Fahad Ashiq
 
Summary writing
Summary writingSummary writing
Summary writing
Sharon
 
Project report writting format
Project report writting formatProject report writting format
Project report writting format
Arham Bothra
 
Writing the research proposal
Writing the research proposalWriting the research proposal
Writing the research proposal
Ali Hassan Maken
 
Proposal writing
Proposal writingProposal writing
Proposal writing
Rashed Barakzai
 
Report & its types
Report & its typesReport & its types
Report & its types
Shefa Idrees
 
How to Write an Article
How to Write an ArticleHow to Write an Article
How to Write an Article
Ascension Villalba
 
Technical report writing
Technical report writingTechnical report writing
Technical report writing
Ahmed Younhais Tariq
 
Abstract writting
Abstract writtingAbstract writting
Abstract writting
warda aziz
 
Report writing
Report writingReport writing
Report writing
Thomas K T
 
Article writing
Article writingArticle writing
Article writing
Mushtaque Barq
 

What's hot (20)

REPORT WRITTING
REPORT WRITTINGREPORT WRITTING
REPORT WRITTING
 
Technical Report writing
Technical Report writingTechnical Report writing
Technical Report writing
 
Precis writing
Precis writingPrecis writing
Precis writing
 
Proposal writing
Proposal writingProposal writing
Proposal writing
 
Introduction to Academic writing
Introduction to Academic writing Introduction to Academic writing
Introduction to Academic writing
 
Report writing
Report writingReport writing
Report writing
 
Summary
SummarySummary
Summary
 
Summary writing
Summary writingSummary writing
Summary writing
 
Project report writting format
Project report writting formatProject report writting format
Project report writting format
 
Writing the research proposal
Writing the research proposalWriting the research proposal
Writing the research proposal
 
Proposal writing
Proposal writingProposal writing
Proposal writing
 
Report & its types
Report & its typesReport & its types
Report & its types
 
How to Write an Article
How to Write an ArticleHow to Write an Article
How to Write an Article
 
Report writing
Report writingReport writing
Report writing
 
Technical report writing
Technical report writingTechnical report writing
Technical report writing
 
Abstract writting
Abstract writtingAbstract writting
Abstract writting
 
Short report writing.
Short report writing.Short report writing.
Short report writing.
 
Report writing
Report writingReport writing
Report writing
 
Discursive Essays
Discursive EssaysDiscursive Essays
Discursive Essays
 
Article writing
Article writingArticle writing
Article writing
 

Viewers also liked

Formal proposal
Formal proposalFormal proposal
Formal proposal
a2cole13
 
Proposal - Business Communcation
Proposal - Business CommuncationProposal - Business Communcation
Proposal - Business Communcationjulianmillar
 
Business Communications Chapter 2 notes
Business Communications Chapter 2 notesBusiness Communications Chapter 2 notes
Business Communications Chapter 2 notescwood
 
Proposal And Formal Reports
Proposal And Formal ReportsProposal And Formal Reports
Proposal And Formal Reportsrosaejonasz
 
Business proposal
Business proposalBusiness proposal
Business proposal
Muhammad Ishaq
 
Business Communications Chapter 1 notes
Business Communications Chapter 1 notesBusiness Communications Chapter 1 notes
Business Communications Chapter 1 notescwood
 
Business proposal
Business proposalBusiness proposal
Business proposalSara Zubair
 
Business communication complete note
Business communication  complete note Business communication  complete note
Business communication complete note
kabul university
 
How To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate Guide
How To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate GuideHow To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate Guide
How To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate Guide
Fit Small Business
 
Sample Business Proposal Presentation
Sample Business Proposal PresentationSample Business Proposal Presentation
Sample Business Proposal PresentationDaryll Cabagay
 

Viewers also liked (15)

Formal proposal
Formal proposalFormal proposal
Formal proposal
 
Reports & Proposals
Reports & ProposalsReports & Proposals
Reports & Proposals
 
informal Proposal
 informal Proposal  informal Proposal
informal Proposal
 
Proposal - Business Communcation
Proposal - Business CommuncationProposal - Business Communcation
Proposal - Business Communcation
 
Writing reports and proposals
Writing reports and proposalsWriting reports and proposals
Writing reports and proposals
 
Business proposal
Business proposalBusiness proposal
Business proposal
 
Business Communications Chapter 2 notes
Business Communications Chapter 2 notesBusiness Communications Chapter 2 notes
Business Communications Chapter 2 notes
 
Proposal And Formal Reports
Proposal And Formal ReportsProposal And Formal Reports
Proposal And Formal Reports
 
Business proposal
Business proposalBusiness proposal
Business proposal
 
Business Communications Chapter 1 notes
Business Communications Chapter 1 notesBusiness Communications Chapter 1 notes
Business Communications Chapter 1 notes
 
Business proposal
Business proposalBusiness proposal
Business proposal
 
Business communication complete note
Business communication  complete note Business communication  complete note
Business communication complete note
 
How To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate Guide
How To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate GuideHow To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate Guide
How To Write A Business Proposal - The Ultimate Guide
 
Business proposal ppt
Business proposal pptBusiness proposal ppt
Business proposal ppt
 
Sample Business Proposal Presentation
Sample Business Proposal PresentationSample Business Proposal Presentation
Sample Business Proposal Presentation
 

Similar to Proposal writing

Persuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docx
Persuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docxPersuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docx
Persuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docx
ssuser562afc1
 
Ingredients of a good document.pptx
Ingredients of a good document.pptxIngredients of a good document.pptx
Ingredients of a good document.pptx
Ruth Weal
 
6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx
6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx
6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx
blondellchancy
 
Simple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective PresentationsSimple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective PresentationsPradeep Awasare
 
Panel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed Solangi
Panel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed SolangiPanel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed Solangi
Panel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed SolangiSohail Ahmed Solangi
 
Report writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V Deshapnde
Report writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V DeshapndeReport writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V Deshapnde
Report writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V Deshapnde
Dr Dilip Vishnu Deshpande
 
Make Presentations (2)
Make Presentations (2)Make Presentations (2)
Make Presentations (2)
Candice Oliver
 
General Guidance for Project Presentation
General Guidance for Project PresentationGeneral Guidance for Project Presentation
General Guidance for Project Presentation
SANTOSH YADAV
 
Presentation skills gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2
Presentation skills   gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2Presentation skills   gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2
Presentation skills gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2Endeavor
 
Presenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-Hnoud
Presenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-HnoudPresenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-Hnoud
Presenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-Hnoud
Pierre Hnoud
 
Essay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docx
Essay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docxEssay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docx
Essay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docx
SALU18
 
Simple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective PresentationsSimple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective PresentationsPradeep Awasare
 
Presentation Skills2009
Presentation Skills2009Presentation Skills2009
Presentation Skills2009
Orna Farrell
 
Yuva ppt how to presnt
Yuva ppt how to presntYuva ppt how to presnt
Yuva ppt how to presntYuvarajan Siva
 
REPORT WRITING
REPORT WRITINGREPORT WRITING
REPORT WRITING
tulasikrishnaravi
 
Unit 12 presentation project
Unit 12  presentation projectUnit 12  presentation project
Unit 12 presentation project
Peter Levrai
 
Public speaking & oral presentation
Public speaking & oral presentationPublic speaking & oral presentation
Public speaking & oral presentation
Sanjay Kumar
 
Presentation skills
Presentation skillsPresentation skills
Presentation skillsAce Abdul
 

Similar to Proposal writing (20)

Persuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docx
Persuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docxPersuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docx
Persuasive Speech OutlineFollow APA outlining format as with.docx
 
Ingredients of a good document.pptx
Ingredients of a good document.pptxIngredients of a good document.pptx
Ingredients of a good document.pptx
 
6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx
6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx
6-2 Discussion Economic IntegrationDiscussion TopicTop of F.docx
 
Simple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective PresentationsSimple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
 
Panel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed Solangi
Panel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed SolangiPanel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed Solangi
Panel discussion handouts by Sohail Ahmed Solangi
 
WRITING PAPER REVISION
WRITING PAPER REVISIONWRITING PAPER REVISION
WRITING PAPER REVISION
 
Report writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V Deshapnde
Report writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V DeshapndeReport writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V Deshapnde
Report writing- how to write a good report? Prof D V Deshapnde
 
Make Presentations (2)
Make Presentations (2)Make Presentations (2)
Make Presentations (2)
 
General Guidance for Project Presentation
General Guidance for Project PresentationGeneral Guidance for Project Presentation
General Guidance for Project Presentation
 
Presentation skills gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2
Presentation skills   gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2Presentation skills   gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2
Presentation skills gerry garbulsky - endeavor - 23 agosto2010 v2
 
Presenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-Hnoud
Presenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-HnoudPresenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-Hnoud
Presenting like a leader, by: Pierre El-Hnoud
 
Essay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docx
Essay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docxEssay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docx
Essay due on or before 22616 at noonWrite a critical analysi.docx
 
Simple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective PresentationsSimple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
Simple Guidelines For Effective Presentations
 
Presentation Skills2009
Presentation Skills2009Presentation Skills2009
Presentation Skills2009
 
Yuva ppt how to presnt
Yuva ppt how to presntYuva ppt how to presnt
Yuva ppt how to presnt
 
Presentations
PresentationsPresentations
Presentations
 
REPORT WRITING
REPORT WRITINGREPORT WRITING
REPORT WRITING
 
Unit 12 presentation project
Unit 12  presentation projectUnit 12  presentation project
Unit 12 presentation project
 
Public speaking & oral presentation
Public speaking & oral presentationPublic speaking & oral presentation
Public speaking & oral presentation
 
Presentation skills
Presentation skillsPresentation skills
Presentation skills
 

Recently uploaded

How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Jisc
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
DeeptiGupta154
 
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxInstructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Jheel Barad
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
siemaillard
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Special education needs
 
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
Sandy Millin
 
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdfUnit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Thiyagu K
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Vivekanand Anglo Vedic Academy
 
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative ThoughtsHow to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
Col Mukteshwar Prasad
 
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideasThe geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
GeoBlogs
 
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ashokrao Mane college of Pharmacy Peth-Vadgaon
 
Phrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Phrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXPhrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Phrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
MIRIAMSALINAS13
 
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxStudents, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
EduSkills OECD
 
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
JosvitaDsouza2
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Vikramjit Singh
 
Cambridge International AS A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
Cambridge International AS  A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...Cambridge International AS  A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
Cambridge International AS A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
AzmatAli747758
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
Delapenabediema
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Celine George
 
Introduction to Quality Improvement Essentials
Introduction to Quality Improvement EssentialsIntroduction to Quality Improvement Essentials
Introduction to Quality Improvement Essentials
Excellence Foundation for South Sudan
 

Recently uploaded (20)

How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
 
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxInstructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
 
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
GIÁO ÁN DẠY THÊM (KẾ HOẠCH BÀI BUỔI 2) - TIẾNG ANH 8 GLOBAL SUCCESS (2 CỘT) N...
 
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...
 
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdfUnit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
Unit 2- Research Aptitude (UGC NET Paper I).pdf
 
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
 
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative ThoughtsHow to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
 
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideasThe geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
The geography of Taylor Swift - some ideas
 
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
 
Phrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Phrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXPhrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Phrasal Verbs.XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
 
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxStudents, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
 
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
 
Cambridge International AS A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
Cambridge International AS  A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...Cambridge International AS  A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
Cambridge International AS A Level Biology Coursebook - EBook (MaryFosbery J...
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
 
Introduction to Quality Improvement Essentials
Introduction to Quality Improvement EssentialsIntroduction to Quality Improvement Essentials
Introduction to Quality Improvement Essentials
 

Proposal writing

  • 1. What is a proposal? A proposal is a formal report to convince the reader to approve new ideas / plans.
  • 2. Purpose • To give suggestions to meet objectives • To provide specific details • To outline steps to be taken or a course of action • To convince the reader that the plans are worth carrying out
  • 3. Language  Be polite  Be clear and specific  Be formal  Be persuasive  Use transition words to show development of plan  Use the present tense and future aspect  Use ‘will’ to show positivity about results and benefits  Use sentence starters like ‘I feel’, ‘I hope’, ‘I think’ in giving suggestions
  • 4. Format(Date) To: (Recipient)  “Proposal for…”  A proposal usually has an intended recipient to accord respect & politeness, though it can be optional at times. (The Introductory Paragraph)  A SUMMARY of your plan and ideas (state your purpose!) Remember the 5‘Wh’ & 1‘Hw’ questions (The Body - Paragraphs)  Elaborate ideas sufficiently and relevantly with PEEL structure  start with the most important to the least important  Develop each new bullet in a new paragraph proposal
  • 5. Format (The Concluding Paragraph)  SUM UP and make one last bid to convince your reader! Thank you. Proposed by _(Signature)_ (full name) (other relevant information e.g. position)
  • 6. Format (Date) To: (Recipient) Re: Underlined title – “Proposal for…” (The Introductory Paragraph) (The Body - paragraphs) (The Concluding Paragraph) Thank you. Proposed by _(Signature)_ (full name) (other relevant information e.g. position) proposal
  • 7. Remembering FLAP  Format – as above  Audience: - The intended audience (either an individual or group, e.g. members of a board) - Remember the wider audience if the proposal may be printed in a magazine, etc.  Purpose: - To convince the reader, not to tell or dictate!  Language features: - Predominantly present & future aspect of tense - Use of modals to reflect courtesy & politeness (may, might, could, should) - Avoid wrong modals and direct auxiliary verbs like ‘must’, ‘I am selecting’, ‘this is what we will be doing’. - Remember your tone! You are recommending, not dictating
  • 8. Remembering FLAP  Language features: - Write in a factual manner, using appropriate register. Avoid using unnecessary adjectives and adverbs that will make your proposal sound ‘cheesy’, e.g. ‘I am sure that if you, Sir, agree with my most humble proposal, the whole school will be blessed and we will excel forever more! Viva la Nan Hua’