This document discusses proposal arguments and how to strengthen them. There are two main types of proposals - practical proposals that address specific local problems, and policy proposals that address major social or political issues. To convince readers, proposals must demonstrate knowledge, provide concrete evidence, prove feasibility, and make the proposal attractive. Effective proposals also address the audience's needs, describe the problem and proposed solution, and anticipate objections.

2.  Proposal arguments are the most common type of
argument, particularly, in the real-world environment
of jobs.
 There are two types of proposal:
o Practical Proposal
o Policy Proposal

3. Practical Proposal
• Practical proposals call for action to solve some
specific local or immediate problem.
• They are usually narrow and concrete.
Policy Proposal
• Policy proposals, in contrast, put forth broad plans
of action to solve major social, economic, or political
problems of general concern.

4.  A proposal is by definition a persuasive message .
 General purpose is to convince reader
 To convince someone of your point of view, you have
to prove that your suggestion is appropriate and
adoptable.
 Therefore we use arguments in proposal

5. There are six main Strategies to strengthen proposal
argument
 Demonstrate your Knowledge
 Provide Concrete Information
 Research the Competition
 Prove its Feasibility
 Adapt “You” Attitude
 Make it attractive and readable

6. Everything you write should show the reader that
you have
 Knowledge
 Experience
to
 Solve the problem

7.  Avoid vague unsupported generalization.
 Provide quantifiable details.
 Describe the problem by answering What Why
Where When & How .
 Tell how much money the proposed solution can
save.
 Give details on how job will be done.

8. • Know Products,
Services & Prices
Competing • Use Trade publications
& Internet
• Find Possible
Not Alternatives
Competing • Manage to emphasize
the feasibility of yours.

9. Customer has to choose between
 BUYING solution from external party
 BUILDING Their own
Here you are effectively competing

10.  Proposal should be:
o Appropriate
o Feasible
o Workable
 It should be according to the audience capabilities
and resources

11. Determine Audience Needs
Stated in RFP
Discovered through your
investigation

12. Describe qualities or benefits of your product,
service or personnel in relation to your audience
needs.

13.  Make sure your proposal is letter perfect, inviting and
readable.
 The quality of your offer is pre-judged by your
proposal
 Errors , omissions or inconsistencies may cost you
important career and business opportunities.

14.  Follow the three-part proposal structure:
o DESCRIPTION of the problem,
o Proposed SOLUTION
o JUSTIFICATION for the proposed solution
 Give your argument immediacy through
o Details
o Scenes
o Examples

15.  Consider conservatism of people and use strategies
to overcome it
 Predict consequences and evaluate consequences
of certain courses of action
 Identify important, controversial problems that need
solving in the various communities to which you
belong

16.  Consider who has the power to act on your proposal
and what are the constraints preventing action
 Use the claim-type strategy to generate ideas for your
proposal argument by thinking out claims of category,
cause, and resemblance that can support your
proposal claim

17. Choose an effective way to organize your proposal
argument that
 CONVINCES your audience of the problem
 PROPOSES your solution
 JUSTIFIES your proposal
 CONFRONTS opposing views

18. Revise your proposal argument by:
 Answering objections that
o Deny the problem
o Protest the effectiveness or cost of your solution
 Anticipating counter-proposals

19.  Proposal Arguments
 Types of proposals
 Strategies to strengthen arguments
 Techniques to write arguments