Coal mining can negatively impact the environment through air, water, land, noise, and solid waste pollution. Steps are taken to minimize these impacts, including careful planning, pollution control measures, environmental monitoring, and site rehabilitation. However, coal mining remains an important industry that contributes to economies and development by providing energy, jobs, and revenues, especially in developing countries. Mitigation efforts aim to maximize the value of coal production while reducing negative environmental consequences through practices like land rehabilitation, water treatment, and dust suppression.
International journal of science technologyMiftahur Rizqi
Sand is an important mineral for our society in protecting the
environment, where this practice of sand and soil mining is becoming an
environmental issue as the demand for sand increases in industry and construction.
Mining and its associated activities can be responsible for considerable
environmental damage. In this article we are discussing about the direct and indirect
impacts due to soil and sand mining to the environment in Indian regions. Pollution
of the water is evident by the colouration of water which in most of the rivers and
streams in the mining area varies from brownish to reddish orange. Low pH (between 2-
3), high electrical conductivity, high concentration of ions of sulphate and iron and toxic
heavy metals, low dissolved oxygen (DO) and high BOD are some of the physicochemical
and biological parameters which characterize the degradation of water quality.
Contamination of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) originating from mines and spoils,
leaching of heavy metals, organic enrichment and silting by sand particles are major
causes of degradation of water quality.
International journal of science technologyMiftahur Rizqi
Sand is an important mineral for our society in protecting the
environment, where this practice of sand and soil mining is becoming an
environmental issue as the demand for sand increases in industry and construction.
Mining and its associated activities can be responsible for considerable
environmental damage. In this article we are discussing about the direct and indirect
impacts due to soil and sand mining to the environment in Indian regions. Pollution
of the water is evident by the colouration of water which in most of the rivers and
streams in the mining area varies from brownish to reddish orange. Low pH (between 2-
3), high electrical conductivity, high concentration of ions of sulphate and iron and toxic
heavy metals, low dissolved oxygen (DO) and high BOD are some of the physicochemical
and biological parameters which characterize the degradation of water quality.
Contamination of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) originating from mines and spoils,
leaching of heavy metals, organic enrichment and silting by sand particles are major
causes of degradation of water quality.
Our environment is constantly changing. There is no denying that. However, as our environment changes, so does the need to become increasingly aware of the problems that surround it. With a massive influx of natural disasters, warming and cooling periods, different types of weather patterns and much more, people need to be aware of what types of environmental problems our planet is facing.
about...Carbon sequestration, Co2 capture technology, types of carbon sequestration, Co2 separation, carbon sources and carbon sinks, benefits of soil sequestration of carbon, conclution.
Microbes in climate change
Biogeochemical cycle
Effects of climate on various geological regions
Terrestrial polar regions
Ocean
Fresh water
Agriculture
Soil
The problems attract worldwide attention K/a Global Environmental Problems.
The top three environmental problems are: (1) Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming (2) Depletion of Ozone and (3) Acid Rain.
What are the factors causing a decline in coal-based energy plants?Astute Connect
The drop in Coal-Based Energy Plants across the world is a crucial aspect of the ongoing shift towards more environmentally friendly and sustainable energy systems. This change is caused by several interrelated factors, including environmental, economic, and social considerations, as well as the growing competitiveness of renewable energy sources.
Our environment is constantly changing. There is no denying that. However, as our environment changes, so does the need to become increasingly aware of the problems that surround it. With a massive influx of natural disasters, warming and cooling periods, different types of weather patterns and much more, people need to be aware of what types of environmental problems our planet is facing.
about...Carbon sequestration, Co2 capture technology, types of carbon sequestration, Co2 separation, carbon sources and carbon sinks, benefits of soil sequestration of carbon, conclution.
Microbes in climate change
Biogeochemical cycle
Effects of climate on various geological regions
Terrestrial polar regions
Ocean
Fresh water
Agriculture
Soil
The problems attract worldwide attention K/a Global Environmental Problems.
The top three environmental problems are: (1) Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming (2) Depletion of Ozone and (3) Acid Rain.
What are the factors causing a decline in coal-based energy plants?Astute Connect
The drop in Coal-Based Energy Plants across the world is a crucial aspect of the ongoing shift towards more environmentally friendly and sustainable energy systems. This change is caused by several interrelated factors, including environmental, economic, and social considerations, as well as the growing competitiveness of renewable energy sources.
2,3 Greenhouse gases, global scenario, green house effectt and global warming...Neeraj Ojha
As far as Nepalese people are concerned, they are very bad in their food habits. Disease like ulcer and diabetes are rampant along Nepalese people. Moreover, there are areas in the country where there is a severe malnutrition.
Factors influencing food habits
•Individual Preferences
Every individual has unique likes and dislikes concerning foods.
•Cultural Influences
A cultural group provides guidelines regarding acceptable foods, food combinations, eating patterns, and eating behaviors.
•Social Influences
Members of asocial group depend on each other, share a common culture, and influence each other's behaviors and values.
Global warming is a phenomenon of climate change characterized by a general increase in average temperatures of the Earth, which modifies the weather balances and ecosystems for a long time. It is directly linked to the increase of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, worsening the greenhouse effect.
This is a detailed report on the topic of that how to remove the excess CO2 from our earth's atmosphere with the help of direct air carbon capture technology. How would it help us to mitigate the climate change.
The effects of Coal Mining on our environment and us humans and how it disrupt cycles on Earth biologically, geologically, and chemically. ( BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES ) Examples is the Semirara Island in the Philippines.
Why Mining is an Environmental Evil.pptxNeutralWeeb
A presentation on how mining proves to be hazardous for our natural as well as human resources. In this presentation we explain underground mining, open pit mining etc with various case studies supporting the data.
Global Warming, Air and Water PollutionShahzaib Khan
Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth's climate.
Environmental pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the environment such changes are caused by Substances that are introduced into the environment, by human activities.
Income Tax MCQs 2022 - 23 [Free PDF]
Income Tax Chapterwise MCQs
Income From Salaries MCQs
Income From House Property MCQs
Deductions under Sec 80C to 80U MCqs
Profits and Gains From Business and Profession MCQs
For CA CS CMA and Other Competitive and Professional Exams
Hey guys, welcome back. In this post you will get more 135+ MCQs on budget and budgetary control. Also you will get here Sales Budgets MCQs, Production Budget MCQs, Flexible Budget MCQ and cash budget mcqs.
Read Full article here:
https://www.dynamictutorialsandservices.org/2020/09/mcq-on-budget-and-budgetary-control.html
Financial statements and financial statement analysis mcqsKumar Nirmal Prasad
In this exclusive page, you will get Financial Statement MCQs and Financial Statement Analysis MCQs for various exams such B.Com, BBA, MBA, CMA, CS and ICAI. These Financial Statement MCQs and Financial Statement Analysis MCQs are also very much for Class 12 CBSE and other state boards including AHSEC.
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https://www.dynamictutorialsandservices.org/
My post on financial statement analysis MCQs
https://www.dynamictutorialsandservices.org/2019/04/financial-statement-analysis-multiple.html
In this exclusive page, you will get Cash Flow Statement MCQs for various exams such B.Com, BBA, MBA, CMA, CS and ICAI. These Cash Flow Statement MCQs are also very much for Class 12 CBSE and other state boards including AHSEC.
Visit Our official website:
https://www.dynamictutorialsandservices.org/
Cash Flow Statement MCQs
https://www.dynamictutorialsandservices.org/2020/09/mcq-cash-flow-statement-cash-flow.html
In this exclusive page, you will get chapter wise Ratio Analysis MCQs for various exams such Class 12, B.Com, BBA, MBA, CMA, CS and ICAI. In this post you will also get Accounting Ratios MCQs, Ratio Analysis MCQs for various competitive exams.
You can also go through various links given below in the article for Chapter wise Management Accounting MCQs.
Visit Our official website:
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Ratio Analysis MCQs
https://www.dynamictutorialsandservices.org/2020/11/ratio-analysis-mcqs-accounting-ra.html
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Coal Mining & the Environment
Coal mining, particularly surface mining, requires large areas of land to be temporarily disturbed. This raises a
number of environmental challenges, including soil erosion, dust, noise and water pollution, and impacts on local
biodiversity. Steps are taken in modern mining operations to minimise impacts on all aspects of the environment. By
carefully pre-planning projects, implementing pollution control measures, monitoring the effects of mining and
rehabilitating mined areas, the coal industry minimises the impact of its activities on the neighbouring community, the
immediate environment and on long-term land capability.
Coal & Society
In addition to its direct role as an energy resource, coal plays a significant global role in sustainable
development. Coal mining is a critical contributor to many economies. From providing employment, export and royalty
revenues through to local services and the development of infrastructure, coal mining makes a substantial
contribution to improving the livelihoods of many. This is especially true in developing countries where coal mining
makes a major contribution to national economies allowing them to grow stronger and address the challenges of
poverty and development.
These challenges also include widening access to affordable energy supplies. Today there are 1.3 billion people
across the globe without access to electricity. Affordable, secure and reliable electricity supply enables economic
development which is a prerequisite for poverty alleviation.
Coal plays a central role in supporting global economic development, alleviating poverty and is an essential
resource to meeting the world's energy needs. Coal is also a key component of important industrial processes such as
steel and cement manufacturing - both of which are central to building the essential infrastructure of growing
economies.
It is important that we maximise the value to society from the production and use of coal while at the same
time minimising any negative impacts. The coal industry is committed to delivering value across the whole coal chain -
from production, transportation, right through to utilisation and legacy issues.
Issues Related to Coal Mines
The environmental related issues in coal mines (both in opencast and underground) have been discussed. As
coal is very important fossil fuel and its importance has been more prominent after tremendous increase in
international price of crude oil; coal mining is now essential part of civilization.
A. In number of ways coal mining projects pollute environment. Environment problems related to coal mines
are discussed below:
(1) Air pollution: Air pollution in coal mines is mainly due to the fugitive emission of particulate matter and
gases including methane (CH4), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The mining operations like drilling,
blasting, movement of the heavy earth moving machinery on haul roads, collection, transportation and handling of
coal, screening, sizing and segregation units are the major sources of such emissions. Under-ground mine fire is also a
major source of air pollution in some of the coal fields.
High levels of suspended particulate matter increase respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis and
asthma cases while gaseous emissions contribute towards global warming besides causing health hazards to the
exposed population. Methane emission from coal mining depends on the mining methods, depth of coal mining, coal
quality and entrapped gas content in coal seams.
3. (2) Water pollution: The major source of water pollution in the coal mines is the carry over of the suspended
solids in the drainage system of the mine sump water and storm water drainage. In some of the coal mines, acidic
water is also found in the underground aquifers. In addition, waste water from coal preparation plant and mine water
are other sources of water pollution.
(3) Land degradation: The opencast coal mines are developed at the surface, because of that these mines are
also called surface coal mines. The overburden, i.e., the rock or soil overlaid the coal seam, are removed before
extraction of coal. This overburden is dumped on surface, preferably on mined-out or decoaled area. Therefore, this
type of mining requires quite large area on surface. Many a times, large forest areas are transferred for coal mining
purpose. The land degradation is the result of creation and expansion of opencast coal mines. The aspect of land
degradation in underground coal mines is due to subsidence over the underground cavity resulted from underground
caving.
(4) Noise pollution: Main sources of noise pollution are blasting, movement of heavy earth moving machines,
drilling and coal handling plants etc.
(5) Solid waste: Major source of solid waste in a coal mine is the overburden. Segregation of the stones in the
coal handling plants and the coal breeze also contribute to the solid waste generation. Over-burden to coal ratio in the
open cast mining is about 2 m3
/tonne of coal or sometime more. Therefore, the quantum of overburden generated
and its proper management is the main concern area in dealing with the environmental issue of opencast coal mines.
4. (6) Deforestation: As explained, the requirement of land for a big opencast coal projects are quite large. Many
of the forest area, many a times, are converted to mining field. Therefore, large forest areas are deforested to make a
way for large opencast coal mines.
Climate Change
A major challenge for the world is climate change or global warming. Gases in the atmosphere affect the
earth’s temperature by trapping radiation from the sun - this is known as the greenhouse effect. Without this
greenhouse effect the world would be too cold for life to exist.
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N20) and water vapour
(H20), amongst others, and occur naturally. However, human activities, such as the combustion of fossil fuels, produce
additional GHGs which build up in the atmosphere causing an enhanced greenhouse effect. This results in more heat
being trapped, termed ‘global warming’. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has emphasised that
there is enough evidence to show that the world is warming and that action needs to be taken.
CO2 makes up almost 80% of anthropogenic (human-induced) GHG emissions. Over the last century, the
amount of CO2 in the atmosphere has risen, in large part driven by fossil fuel use but also because of other factors
such as land-use change and deforestation. Coal use is one of many human activities that generate GHG emissions
(see graph).
Control Measures
The unscientific mining practices undertaken result in large degradation of land in the form of subsidence,
underground goaf filled with water, mine fires, destruction of vegetation, generation of wind blow dust etc. To
mitigate above environmental problems several control measures, generally, are adopted. Some of the control
measures are discussed below:
(1) Subsidence: Subsidence of surface takes place due to extraction of coal by underground mining.
Subsidence is exhibited by cracks on surface and lowering of land in the worked out areas compared to surroundings.
The surface is rehabilitated by dozing and sealing of cracks followed by plantation of trees. The subsided areas with
medium-sized depressions are ideal for developing water pools and sustain green vegetation and also to meet the
water needs of local people.
(2) Abandoned mines: The mined-out areas are to be backfilled and then rehabilitated for development of
vegetation. In the quarried areas water reservoir is developed for water harvesting. The big voids created by open-pit
mining cause land degradation. These voids can be gainfully utilized to serve as water reservoirs. This water provides
moisture for vegetation in the surroundings areas. The water is used for domestic supply after necessary treatment.
Irrigation to nearby agricultural land also may be thought off.
(3) External overburden dump: The external dump area presents an unaesthetic appearance unless
rehabilitated. Vegetative rehabilitation of these dumps prevents erosion and also improves aesthetics.
(4) Mine fire: The measures for controlling the mine fires, include dozing, levelling and blanketing with soil to
prevent the entry of oxygen and to stabilize the land for vegetal growth.
(5) Water and air pollution control: Mine water is pumped to a lagoon, which acts as a sedimentation pond.
The overflow water, which is fairly clean, is drained out to natural drain or used for dust suppression activities.
Similarly, washery effluent is re-circulated through thickener and slime ponds. For reducing air pollution, water
spraying and sprinkling is done on the haul /transport roads to suppress the dust generation.