The document provides a history of computer programming from the 19th century to modern times. It discusses early programming languages and machines like the Analytical Engine, ENIAC, and EDVAC. It then outlines the evolution of programming languages through each decade from the 1950s to the 2000s. The document emphasizes that programming skills require constant learning and adapting to new technologies. Successful programmers of the future will need to integrate different technologies and understand business needs.

1. Programming Skills:
A look back to peer into the future.
Pete Massiello
iTech Solutions
pmassiello@itechsol.com
Twitter: PeteM59
1

2. Prehistory
• The first Programming languages predate the computer.
• Languages were codes
• 1890 Herman Hollerith – Census data

3. Early programming

4. When do we start?
• The Analytical Engine, an important step in the history of
computers, is a design for a mechanical general-purpose
computer first described by English mathematician Charles
Babbage in 1837. It was the successor to Babbage's difference
engine, a design for a mechanical calculator. The Analytical
Engine incorporated an arithmetical unit, control flow in the form
of conditional branching and loops, and integrated memory,
making it the first Turing-complete design for a general-purpose
computer.
• Programming supposed to be by punch cards.

5. Analytical Engine: Built 63 years later

6. ENIAC
• Designed in 1942 General-purpose Electronic computer
• Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC).
• Enormous speed advantage by using digital electronics with no
moving parts.
• Called Project-PX as its code name.
• Started in 1943, completed in 1946 costing $500,000 ( $6,000,000
in 2010 dollars).
• Designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the Army.
• First project was computations for the hydrogen bomb.
• Decimal based.

7. Programming the ENIAC

8. Operating ENIACs main control panel

9. EDVAC
• Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
• Binary serial computer with automatic addition, subtraction,
multiplication, programmed division and automatic checking with
an ultrasonic serial memory.
• Capacity of 1,000 44-bit words, later set to 1,024 words: 5.5KB
• 6,000 vacuum tubes, 12,000 diodes, consumed 56kW of power,
and covered 490 Sq. Ft. Weighed 17,300 pounds.
• Designed 1946 built and operational 1949.
• Magnetic tape (Wire recorder).

10. EDVAC

11. What is a Programming Language
• A programming language is an artificial language designed to
communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
Programming languages can be used to create programs that
control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms
precisely.
• The earliest programming languages predate the invention of the
computer, and were used to direct the behavior of machines such
as Jacquard looms and player pianos. Thousands of different
programming languages have been created, mainly in the
computer field, with many more being created every year. Most
programming languages describe computation in an imperative
style, i.e., as a sequence of commands, although some languages,
such as those that support functional programming or logic
programming, use alternative forms of description.

12. Early Languages
• 1837 - Analytical Engine Order Code – Charles Babbage
• 1943 to 1946 - ENIAC coding System
• 1943 – Plankalkul (designed) – First High Level
• 1947 - ARC Assembly
• 1948 – Curry notation system
• 1948 - CPC Coding scheme
• 1949 - C10

13. Languages of the 1950s
• 1951 - Superplan
• 1951 – ALGAE
• 1952 – Autocode / AUTOCODER
• 1954 – Fortran (Concept)
• 1954 - IPL
• 1955 – PACT I
• 1956 – LISP (Concept)
• 1957 – Fortran
• 1957 – UNICODE
• 1958 – ALGOL 58
• 1959 – COBOL (Concept)

14. Languages of the 1960s
• 1960 – ALGOL 60
• 1960 - COBOL 61
• 1962 – Fortran IV
• 1962 - SNOBOL
• 1963 – CPL
• 1964 – BASIC
• 1964 – IBM RPG
• 1966 – Fortran 66
• 1967 – APL
• 1968 – DIBOL-8
• 1969 – PL/I

15. The great debate starts
• Programming:
 Structured Programming
 GOTO
• Machines:

16. Languages of the 1970s
• 1970 - Pascal
• 1972 – Smalltalk
• 1972 – C
• 1972 – Prolog
• 1972 – SQL
• 1975 - Modula
• 1977 – Bourne Shell (sh)
• 1977 – Commodore BASIC
• 1977 – Green, Red, Blue, Yellow for Dept. of Defense
• 1978 - VisiCalc

17. My college Final Project

18. Languages of 1980
• 1980 – Ada
• 1980 - C with classes
• 1982 – PostScript
• 1983 – C++
• 1984 – Korn Shell (ksh)
• 1984 – GOM (Good Old Mad)
• 1985 – PARADOX
• 1987 – Perl
• 1987 – HyperTalk
• 1987 – Turbo Basic
• 1988 – SPARK
• 1989 – FL (Backus)

19. Languages of 1990s
• 1990 – AMPL
• 1991 – GNU E
• 1991 – Python
• 1991 – Visual Basic
• 1992 – Borland Pascal
• 1992 – Dylan
• 1993 – Self
• 1993 – Applescript
• 1995 – Borland Delphi
• 1995 – ColdFusion
• 1995 – Java
• 1995 – PHP

20. Languages of 1990s (cont.)
• 1995 – Ruby
• 1996 – JavaScript
• 1996 – Perl Data Language (PDL)
• 1997 - Rebol
• 1998 – Standard C++
• 1998 – Pikt
• 1999 – Game Maker Language (GML)

21. Languages of 2000s
• 2000 – D
• 2000 – C#
• 2001 – Visual Basic .NET
• 2003 – Scala
• 2003 – Squirrel
• 2004 – Groovy
• 2005 – F#
• 2006 – Cobra
• 2008 – Pure
• 2009 – Go
• 2009 – CoffeeScript
• 2010 - Fancy

22. Generations
• 1GL – UNIVAC 1 & IBM 701 – Machine language programs
• 2GL – Machine specific but mnemonic
 Assembler
• 3GL – More abstract & portable
 FORTRAN, LISP, RPG, & COBOL
 Continued growth & still in use
• 4GL – domain specific, as SQL
 Code generators

23. Evolution of Computer Programming languages

24. Programmers

25. Occupation or a personality

26. Words to describe a programmer
• Practical
• Introvert
• Alone
• Socially Inept
• Geek
• Nerd
• Logical Thinker
• Analytical

27. April 1967 – Women are natural Programmers

28. Perhaps a little more Coffee

29. Amazing what a few Billion will do
Start young…….

30. COMMON Europe President at an Early Age

31. How to successfully prepare your students for college?

32. A recent Dot Net Rocks show…….Teach them early

33. Remember back 10 to 15 years ago
• Learn Java or Flip Hamburgers
• No need for programmers after Y2K
• Everything will be packages
• COBOL/RPG are dead
• Offshore programmers
• The AS/400 is going away

34. Jobs
• Ability to Change
• Competing against students
• Ability to Change
• Outside or off-shore programmers
• Ability to Change
• More company knowledge than programming knowledge
• Ability to Change
• It’s worked fine for 15 years, why change
• Ability to Change
• What’s wrong with “the Cycle”
• Ability to Change
• We don’t use ILE in this shop
• Under the Radar

35. Change
• Break from your Comfort Zone
• Coder, Designer, Business Analyst
• Engineer or Artist
• Learn a new Skill
• See what co-workers are doing
• See what other companies are doing
• What if I pick the wrong new Skill?
• Don’t be Afraid

36. What Shape are you?
M
a
s
t
e
r
y
----------------------------- Skills ------------------------------------

37. Top 10 reasons you might be a has-been programmer?
• Every program you write use the RPG Cycle
• You can write that program more efficiently in Assembler
• You know what COBOL stands for
• You boast that you know the IBM SE’s home phone number
• You have the 15 floppy diskettes for Windows 3.1.1 on your shelf.
• You have the yellow trifold EBCIDIC/ASCII Hex sheets
• Your home internet is a dial-up modem
• When you think DDS you think *PF & *LF, not Dentist
• You think RPG stands for Report Program Generator
• You wonder why there are no System/36 jobs on Monster.

38. Current RPG Programmer needs:
• Get your shop up to IBM i 7.1
• Learn and use ILE & RPG-IV
• Learn and use SQL
• Learn and use RDp (WDSc, RDi)
• Learn HTML5 & XML
• Create a webpage
• Integrate an RPG program with the web
• Learn and use PHP
• Learn mySQL
• Learn .Net
• Learn and use DB2/Webquery
• Learn Java

39. Other skills
• LINUX
• Windows
• Business skills
• Understand TCP/IP, firewalls, routing
• Understand Virtualization
• Distributed Processing
• Refacing/modernization of the Interface (Open Access)
• Open Source
• Ruby on Rails
• Cell Phone applications
• Games
• Explore, investigate, & play

40. How will we get those skills
• User Groups
• Night Classes
• Networking
• On-Line courses
• On-line discussion forums: Midrange-l, RPG400-L
• Books, Podcasts, Blogs

41. Exact Skills of the Future

42. Skills are important but the future …….
• Attitude
• Work-Ethic
• Dress for success
• Understanding the business & creating value
• Coder, Designer, Business Analyst
• Computer-Savvy Kids
• Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, …….
• Ability to Change

43. Who will be the successful programmer of the future?
• Integrator
 Understands different Technology
 Knows the benefits of each
 Knows how to unite them

44. Investment
• Invest in yourself
• Your compensation package should include:
 1 Week of Education per year (COMMON)
 Reimbursement to attend monthly user group meeting
• Company purchased training programs
• Don’t make yourself unemployable

45. Your Career

46. Your Turn!
How to contact me:
Pete Massiello
Email: pmassiello@itechsol.com
Twitter: petem59