There are many drivers for increasing energy efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions from vehicles, including regulations, consumer demand, and energy security. Regulations in most markets are driving CO2 reduction requirements and technology changes. To meet these targets, vehicle weights must be reduced by 20-30 kg every year. Weight reduction can save manufacturers money in fines and increase fuel economy to attract consumers. Plastics are already widely used in vehicles and greater use of plastics can further reduce vehicle weight by replacing heavier materials. New applications for plastics include batteries, engine components, and chassis parts of electric vehicles. Future developments may include 3D printing of components and smart materials.