The document discusses listening as an important communication skill. It defines listening as a psychological process that involves receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken messages. In contrast, hearing is defined as a physiological process. The document also highlights that 85% of what we know comes from listening, but people typically only recall 20% of what they hear. It then describes different styles of effective listening, including participatory, empathic, non-judgmental, surface-level versus in-depth listening. Active listening techniques like paraphrasing and asking questions are also outlined to ensure the listener understands the speaker.

1. Listening in Interpersonal Communication Presented By: Muhammad Husnain (8389) Zarmeen Karimi (10202) Syed Arif Ali Shah (7922) Waqas Zahid (7112) Presented To: Zehra Shah

2. Listening : the process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and/or nonverbal messages; to hear something with thoughtful attention Effective communication is 2-way depends on speaking and listening What is Listening?

3. When you have ears, you can hear everything within hearing range; but that doesn’t necessarily mean you understand what you heard. Listening, on the other hand, is a skill.

4. Hearing - physical process; natural; passive Listening - physical & mental process; active; learned process; a skill Listening is hard! You must choose to participate in the process of listening. Listening V/S Hearing

5. Listening…. the psychological process of receiving, attending to, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages Hearing = physiological Listening = psychological What is listening?

6. 85% of what we know is from listening 45%of our time is spent on listening A person recalls 50%of what they just heard … .only 20%of it is remembered long term Importance of listening

7. To be recognized and remembered To feel valued To feel appreciated To feel respected To feel understood To feel comfortable about a want or need Why Be A Good Listener?

8. Listening is the most powerful form of acknowledgment …a way of saying, “You are important.”

9. Listening promotes being heard ‘Seek first to understand, then be understood’ - Stephen Covey

10. PROCESS OF LISTENING Understanding Learning Remembering Recalling Evaluating Judging Receiving Hearing Responding Answering

11. Receiving It refers to the response caused by sound waves stimulating the sensory receptors of the ear; it is physical response. Understanding It is the stage at which you learn what the speaker means-the thoughts and emotional tone.

12. Remembering It is important listening process because it means that an individual has not only received and interpreted a message but has also added it to the mind's storage bank. But just as our attention is selective, so too is our memory- what is remembered may be quite different from what was originally seen or heard.

13. Activity: BED DREAM COMFORT REST AWAKE SOUND WAKE NIGHT SLUMBER TIRED EAT SNORE

14. Evaluating It consists of judging the messages in some way. At times, you may try to evaluate the speaker’s underlying intentions or motives. Often this evaluation process goes on without much conscious awareness. Responding This stage requires that the receiver complete the process through verbal and/or nonverbal feedback; because the speaker has no other way to determine if a message has been received . This stage becomes the only overt means by which the sender may determine the degree of success in transmitting the message.

15. STYLES OF EFFECTIVE LISTENING Syed Arif Ali Shah (7922)

16. NO ONE WOULD TALK MUCH IN SOCIETY IF THEY KNEW HOW OFTEN THEY MISUNDERSTOOD OTHERS. (GOETHE)

17. Participatory-Passive listening Empathic-Objective listening Non judgmental- Critical listening Surface-Depth listening Active-Inactive listening STYLES OF EFFECTIVE LISTENING

18. Participatory -Passive listening Active participation Physically & mentally engage in the sharing of meaning Elements Non-Verbal: Eye contact, facial expressions Verbal : questions, back channeling cues such as “I see” “yes” “uh-huh” etc

19. Participatory- Passive listening Listening without talking Powerful means of communicating acceptance Passive listener: suspends judgment and just listens Who accepts, not evaluate. Who supports, not intrude

21. Empathic -Objective listening To listen empathically Feel with them See the world as they see Feel what they feel It helps you understand what a person means & what the person is feeling

22. Empathic- Objective listening Listen with objectivity and detachment See beyond other person sees Example: A teacher & student (Empathic) (1+1 = 11) (Objective) (1+1 = 2)

24. Non judgmental - Critical listening Listen with open mind Avoid distorting messages Avoid filtering out unpleasant or undesirable message Recognize your own ethnic, national, or religious biases, (it may increase or minimize importance because it confirms or contradicts your biases)

25. Non judgmental- C ritical listening Name calling- involves giving an idea e.g. (“atheist” “neo-Nazi” “cult”) to make you accept things you value high, like (“democracy” “free speech” “academic freedom”) Testimonial- use image associated to with person to gain approval, (if you respect the person) to gain rejection (if you disrespect the person) e.g. advertisement: use person dressed like doctors, use phrase “dentists advice” Bandwagon- used to persuade to accept or reject an idea because “everybody is doing it” e.g. “draw Mohammad day” & “switch to Pakbuk”

27. Surface -Depth listening Obvious/surface/literal meaning (Surface level communication) What they are saying?

28. Surface- Depth listening Hidden, deep meaning (In depth communication) Why they are saying? E.g.: “The patient is very serious”

30. Purpose of Active listening “ Active, effective listening is a habit, as well as the foundation of effective communication.”

31. ACTIVE LIETENING “ Active listening is the process of sending back the speaker what the listener thinks the speaker meant.” It is a process of putting into some meaningful whole your understanding of the speaker’s total message

32. Continued… Example: ESMAIL: that creep gave me a c on the paper!! I really worked on that project and all I get is a lousy C! AYESHA: that’s not so bad; most people got around the same grade. I got a C too. FAISAL: So what? This is your last semester. Who cares about grades anyway? SAAD: You got a C on the paper you were working for the last three weeks? You sound really angry and hurt.

33. Active listening serves a number of important purposes: It shows that you are listening. Check how accurately you have understood what the speaker said and meant. Express acceptance of speaker’s feelings. To prompt the speaker to further explore his or her feelings or thoughts. Purpose:

34. “ TECHNIQUES OF EFFECTIVE LISTENING” Active listening intentionally focuses on who you are listening to, whether in a group or one-on-one, in order to understand what he or she is saying.

35. Techniques: Paraphrase the speaker’s meaning. Express understanding of the speaker’s feeling. Ask questions to ensure that you are on a right track. Focus your attention on the subject Avoid distractions Set aside your prejudices, your opinions. When interacting with the speaker, keep an eye contact and do not argue.

36. Quick flashback Listening and hearing are two different entities. The listening process requires five pre-requisites if it has to be listening. Cultural differences and gender differences play an important role in the listening process. The general key to effective listening in interpersonal situations is ‘’ Active participation”.

37. Contd.. We need to listen empathically to make sure that we understand what the speaker is actually going through. Effective listening involves listening non-judgmentally to help you understand and help you critically.

38. That completes our agenda for the day. Hope you have enjoyed . 

39. THANK-YOU