1. The document discusses the proper use of verb tenses in English sentences, including when to use past and present verbs together, how to use have/had correctly, and which tenses to use with different time expressions. 2. It provides examples of correct and incorrect usage and rules for determining whether a sentence with both past and present verbs is right or wrong. 3. Guidelines are given for using the present perfect, past perfect, simple past and present perfect tenses depending on if a time expression indicates past, present or a duration of time.

1. PROBLEMS WITH THE USE
OF THE VERB
S K I L L S 3 3 -36

2. SKILL 33: KNOW WHEN TO USE THE
PAST WITH THE PRESENT
• If you see a sentences with one verb in past and
one verb in the present, the sentence is probably
incorrect.
He took the money when he wants it.
He took the money when wanted it.
He take the money when he wants it.

3. • However, it is possible for a correct sentence to
have both past and present together.
I know that he took the money yesterday
• If you see the past an the present together, you
must check the meaning to determine whether or
not the sentence is correct.

4. USING THE PAST WITH PRESENT
1. If you see a sentence with one verb in the past and one verb in the
present, the sentence is probably incorrect.
2. However, it is possible for a correct sentences to have both past and
present together.
3. If you see the past and present together, you must check the
meaning to determine whether or not the sentences is correct.

5. SKILL 34: USE HAVE AND HAD
CORRECTLY.
The present perfect (have + past participle) refers to
the period of time from the past until the present.
Sue has lived in Los Angeles for ten years.
Because the present perfect refers to a period of time
from the past until the present, it is not correct in a
sentence that indicates past only.
Every time Jim worked on his car, he has improved it.
Every time Jim worked on his car, he improved it.

6. The past perfect (had + past participle) refers to the period of
time that started in the past and ended in the past, before
something else happened in the past.
Sue had lived in Los Angeles for ten years when she moved to
San Diego.

7. Because the past perfect begins in the past and ends in the past,
it is generally not correct in the same sentence with the present
tense
Tom had finished the exam when the teacher collects the
papers.
Tom had finished the exam when the teacher collected the
papers.

8. USING (HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE) AND (HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE)
TENSE FORM MEANING USE
Present Perfect Have + Past
Participle
Past up to now Not with a past
tense**
Past Perfect Has + Past
participle
Before past up to past Not with a
present tense
** Except when the time expression since is part of the sentences (see
Skill 35)

9. SKILL 35: USE THE CORRECT TENSE
WITH TIME EXPRESSIONS.
The time expression clearly indicates what verb tense
is needed in the sentences.
Past Perfect Simple Past Present Perfect
By (1920)
(two years)
ago
Last (year)
In (1920)
Since (1920)
lately

10. We moved to New York in 1980.
We had left there by 1990.
We have lived in San Francisco since 1999.
USING CORRECT TENSE WITH TIME EXPRESSIONS
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE PAST PRESENT PERFECT
By (1920) (two years) ago
Last (year)
In (1920)
Since (1920)
Lately

11. SKILL 36: USE THE CORRECT TENSE
WITH WILL AND WOULD
Certain combinations of verbs are very common in
English. One in the simple present and will.
I know that they will arrive soon.
It is certain that he will graduate.
Another combination is the simple past and would.
I knew that he would arrive
It was certain that he would graduate

12. Verb Meaning Use
Will
Would
After the present
After the past
Do not use with past
Do not use with
present
• NOTE: there is a different modal would that is used
to make polite request. This type of would is often
used with the present tense.
I would like to know if you have a pencil.

13. USING CORRECT TENSE WITH WILL AND WOULD
VERB MEANING USE
Will After the present Do not use with the past
Would After the past Do not use with present
NOTE: There is a different modal would that is used to make polite
requests. This type of would is often used with the present tense.
I would like to know if you have a pencil that I could borrow.