1) The document discusses the simple past tense in English grammar. The simple past is used to describe events that were completed in the past or activities that started and finished at a specific past time. 2) It provides formulas for constructing positive, negative, and interrogative sentences in both the verbal and nominal forms in simple past tense. Regular verbs form the past tense by adding "-ed" while irregular verbs do not follow a set pattern. 3) Examples are given to illustrate the different sentence structures in simple past, including the use of adverbs of time. Exercises from an English textbook are recommended for practicing simple past tense constructions.

1. simple
past
LIK Universitas Nurul Jadid
— Ahmad Faiz —

2. simple past
Simple Past digunakan untuk membuat kalimat yang mengungkapkan, 1) peristiwa
yang rampung terjadi di masa lampau, dan 2) aktivitas yang bermula
dan berakhir di waktu tertentu di masa lampau.1
Di antara jenis Past Tense yang lainnya (semisal Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Past
Perfect Continuous maupun Past Future), Simple Past adalah yang paling banyak
digunakan dalam Bahasa Inggris.2
P E N G G U N A A N
1 Bradhiansyah T. Suryanto, Durratul Hikmah, dan M. Sofyan A. Pranata. EnglishTime: Designed for Non-English Students. (Probolinggo: Pustaka Nurja, 2019), 77
2 English for Everyone: English Grammar Guide. (NewYork: Dorling Kindersley, 2016), 24

3. simple past
Keterangan waktu yang digunakan dalam Simple Past adalah,
1) yesterday (yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening)
2) last (last night, last Friday, last weekend, last week, last month, last year)
3) ago (three minutes ago, two hours ago, five days ago, a week ago, one month ago,
four years ago)
K E T E R A N G A N W A K T U ( A D V E R B O F T I M E )

4. simple past
1. KalimatVerbal
F O R M U L A
Positif:
Subject + verb (-s/ + object
Negatif:
Subject + do/doe + + verb +
Interogatif:
Do/ + + + ?
+ + + + ?
Subject verb2 object
Subject did not verb1 object
Did subject verb1 object
5W1H did subject verb1 object
did not didn’t
KONTRAKSI

5. simple past
Verb (Kata Kerja)
Kata kerja mempunyai beragam bentuk. Verb1 adalah bentuk kata kerja
paling dasar danVerb1 inilah yang menjadi entri di dalam kamus. Dalam gramatika
bahasa Inggris,Verb1 disebut juga dengan bare infinitive.3
Verb2 adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan dalam Simple Past.
Cara membentukVerb2 adalah dengan menambah “-ed“ pada akhirVerb1. Ini disebut
dengan RegularVerbs (kata kerja beraturan). Namun, ada kata kerja yang tidak
menambah “-ed“ dan disebut dengan IrregularVerbs (kata kerja tidak beraturan). Verb2
hanya digunakan di kalimat verbal positif dalam Simple Past.
R E G U L A R A N D I R R E G U L A R V E R B S
1 English for Everyone: English Grammar Guide. (NewYork: Dorling Kindersley, 2016), 134

6. simple pastR E G U L A R V E R B S
wash
washed
listen
listened
dance
danced
try
tried
stop
stopped

7. simple pastI R R E G U L A R V E R B S
have
had
do
did
put
put
come
came
see
saw
go
went

8. simple past
POSITIF
K A L I M A T V E R B A L
Subject Verb2 Object*
I watched TV last night.
He walked to campus yesterday.
They drank coffee in that café.
Muhammad played soccer last Sunday.
* Hanya kata kerja transitif (transitive verbs) yang membutuhkan objek.

9. simple past
NEGATIF
K A L I M A T V E R B A L
Subject did not Verb1 Object*
I did not go to campus yesterday.
Ibrahim did not eat dinner last night.
We did not drink coffee in that café.
Rukhin did not sleep at home last Friday.
* Hanya kata kerja transitif (transitive verbs) yang membutuhkan objek.

10. simple past
INTEROGATIF
K A L I M A T V E R B A L
5W1H did Subject Verb1 Object*
Did you go to campus yesterday?
Where did they eat breakfast yesterday morning?
Did we learn Simple Present last week?
When did Hamdani buy the vegetables?
* Hanya kata kerja transitif (transitive verbs) yang membutuhkan objek.

11. simple past
2. Kalimat Nominal
F O R M U L A
Positif:
Subject + verb (-s/ +
Negatif:
Subject + + +
Interogatif:
+
Subject was/were complement*
Subject notwas/were complement*
Was/Were + subject + complement*
5W1H + was/were + subject
?
+ complement* ?
were not
was not
KONTRAKSI
weren’t
wasn’t
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (was/were), became, seemed, appeared, dll.

12. simple pastF O R M U L A
I
was
He
She
It
You
wereWe
They

13. simple past
POSITIF
K A L I M A T N O M I N A L
Subject was/were Complement*
I was in the class yesterday afternoon.
The exam was easy.
They were late to come to the class.
You were at campus an hour ago.
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (was/were), became, seemed, appeared, dll.

14. simple past
NEGATIF
K A L I M A T N O M I N A L
Subject was/were not Complement*
I was not late to come to the class.
You were not ready to learn English.
He was not here last night.
Rukhin was not absent yesterday.
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (was/were), became, seemed, appeared, dll.

15. simple past
INTEROGATIF
K A L I M A T N O M I N A L
5W1H was/were Subject Complement*
Were you late yesterday?
Was your smartphone expensive?
How was your holiday?
When was Rukhin ill?
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (was/were), became, seemed, appeared, dll.

16. Do the exercises on your book
(English Time) on page 78—80!
LET’S PRACTICE
` ¼

17. — Ahmad Faiz, LIK, Unuja —
REFERENCES
Azar, B. S. and Hagen, S. A. 2014. Basic English
Grammar (4th Edition). White Plains: Pearson
Education
English for Everyone: English Grammar Guide. 2016.
New York: Dorling Kindersley
Murphy, R. 2015. Essential Grammar in Use (4th Edition).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Suryanto, B. T., Hikmah, D., and Pranata, M. S. A. 2019.
English Time: Designed for Non-English
Students. Probolinggo: Pustaka Nurja