Ayub Khan became the first martial law administrator in Pakistan in 1958 and suspended the constitution. He later became President and introduced a new constitution in 1962 that established a presidential system. However, unrest grew during his rule, especially between East and West Pakistan. He held a presidential election in 1965 but faced opposition. While his regime saw some development, he was ultimately unable to maintain national harmony in the country.

1. SYED MUHAMMAD HAIDER MUJTUBA
CE-068 (2017-18)
EVENING
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENTAND DECISIONMAKING

2. FRIENDS NOT MASTER
A POLITICAL AUTOBIOGRAPHY BY
MOHAMMAD AYUB KHAN
PRESENTATION ON BOOK

3. People in developing country seek assistance, but on the basis of
mutual respect, they want to have friends not master.
Dedicated to those who has worked for the building of pakistan as
a progressive and modern state and to those who have defend it
with such distinction .
DEDICATION:
Ayub khan(Leaders are not made they are born as a leader)

4. CONTENTS:
• INTRODUCTION
• EARLY DAYS IN THE ARMY
• THE ARMY 1948 -50
• COMMANDER IN CHIEF
• POLITICS 1948 -1960
• THE OBJECTIVE RESULATION
• CONSTITION & IDEOLOGY
• THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION

5. INTRODUCTION
• Early life.
1. Born in village of rehana Hari poor on 14 may 1907.
2. His fathers has 4 child from his 1st wife and Ayoub
khan is 1st child from his 2nd wife.
3. In 1922, he passed his matric examination and send
to Aligarh college Famous Muslim college.

6. EARLY DAYS IN ARMY
• Performance at sand Hurst military
academy, earn awards and scholarship.
• Commissioned as 2nd lieutenant of British
Indian army in Feb. 1928.
• After standard period of service he was
appointed in 1929.
• Promoted to lieutenant on 2 may 1936 and
captain on 1937.

7. • In 2nd world war promoted to
lieutenant cornel in 1942 and was
posted as Burma.
• Promoted to brigadier in 1947.
• At separation of Pakistan and
India he was 10th most senior in
British army.

8. Army After India-Pak Separation (1947-50)
• 1n 1948, he was commander of 14 infantry
division at Dacca- east Pakistan.
• In 1949, appointed as commander of east
command and decorated with Hilal-i-Jurat
by P.M Liaqat ail khan.

9. COMMANDER IN CHIEF:
• Initially Gen. Iftikhar khan was select as
commander in chief but died due to a air
plane crash.
• Iskandar mirza , at that time play a crucial
role and promote junior Major Ayub Khan.
• Ayub khan appoint as commander in chief of
Pakistan army with a promotion of star 4
rank on 1951 by P.M Liaquat Ali Khan.

10. POLITICS 1948-1950
PASSAGEOF POWERFROM PERSON TOPERSON

11. 1947 LiaquatAlikhan become1st PrimeMinisterOf Pakistan.
MuhammadAliJinnahbecome1st GovernorGeneralOfPakistan
KashmirCrisis(Full-scalewar ensued between India& Pak forAccession,Matter went to Security
council,
Jinnahpassed away (got TB,bythe end Cancer too, 11sept, 1948,buried inKHI).
Khwaja Nazimuddin become 2nd GovernorGeneralOfPakistan
1948
Objectives Resolution ispassed in this year.
Basic Principles Committee (Mar 12,1949.Nazimuddin, comprised of 24members,to
determine basic principles of future constitution of Pakistan,created bitternes btw East & West
Pak,resulted ina deadlock towards the formationof constitution)
1949

12. 1950 LiaquatAlikhan andNehrupact
Khawaja Nazimuddin becomes Prime Minister.
Ghulam Muhammad becomesGovernorGeneralOfPakistan.
1951
MuhammadAliBogra becomes PM
Bogra-Nehru negotiations(argued Nehru to realizethe desirabilityof settling
Kashmir dispute.
1953

13. 1955
Chaudhry MuhammadAlibecomes Prime Minister (Aug 11,1955.
greatest achievement was framing 1956constitution.
SikandarMirzabecomes Gov. Gen. (Aug 1955.4th Gov. Gen. elected as1st
president)
1956 TheConstitutionof 1956.
H.SSuhrawardybecomes Prime Minister of Pakistan.
Sikandar Mirza becomes President of Pakistan.
1958 MartialLaw under field MartialAyub Khan(1958-62).
Gen Ayub khan entitled himasFieldMartial,under Martiallaw oct 7,1958:

14. This Resolution was moved in the
constituent assembly by Mr. Liaquat Ali
Khan, in march 1949.
It specify the objective and important
feature of the future of the Constitution Of
The Islamic Republic Of Pakistan.
OBJECTIVERESOLUTION

15. MARTIAL LAW
On October 7, 1958 the first martial law was imposed in
Pakistan by the hands of than president Skinadar Mirza while
commander in chief of army General Muhammad Ayub Khan
became the first Chief martial law Administrator and
supreme commander of the armed forces of the country.
President Skindar Mirza has dissolved the parliament,
provincial assemblies, prorogue constitution and announcing
the imposition of martial law appointed Ayub Khan as chief
administrator, however Skindar Mizar remained the
president.

16.  Ayub Khan became the prime minister of the country on
October 24, 1958 as he had taken the oath and announced
the new cabinet on the same day including three generals
and eight civilians.
 After three days of the change on October 27, resignation
had been taken from Sikandar Mirza as president on gun
point and Ayub Khan become the strongest prime minister
of the country.

17. • Karachi was unsuitable for various purposes for location,
Business.
• In 1967, Islamabad was officially made the capital.
• It is a modern and carefully planned city.
SHIFTING OF CAPITAL

18.  On 17 February 1960 Ayub Khan appointed a commission to report on the futurepolitical
framework for the country
 The Commission was headed by the former Chief Justice of Pakistan, Muhammad Shahabuddin, and
had ten other members, five each from East Pakistan and West Pakistan, composed of retired judges,
lawyers, industrialists and landlords.
 The report of the Constitution Commission was presented to President Ayub on 6 May 1961and
thoroughly examined by the President and his Cabinet. In January 1962, the Cabinet finally approved
the text of the new constitution.
 It was promulgated by President Ayub on 1 March 1962 and finally came into effect on8 June
1962. The Constitution contained 250 articles divided into twelve parts and three schedules.
CONSTITUTION OF 1962

19. Written
Constitution
Rigid Constitution
Name of the
Country
National Language
Islamic Provisions
Unicameral
Legislature
Presidential Form
of Govt
Freedom of
Judiciary
Fundamental
Rights
Islamic Ideology
Council
Emergency
Provisions
Powers of
President
Silent Feature
Of
Constitution

20. ELECTIONS 1965
 Presidential elections were held in Pakistan on 2 January 1965. The vote
was held amongst the 80,000 "basic democrats", who were members of
the urban and regional councils.
 Electionsfor thePresidencywereto takeplacein January1965.AyubKhanwas
nominatedbyanew party,theConventionMuslimLeague,whichhehad helped
form.
 Thefiveopposition partiesallagreed to
support MohtarmaFatima Jinnah.

21.  It is believed that had the elections been held via the direct
method, Fatima Jinnah would havewon.The Electoral
Collegeconsisted of only 80,000 Basic Democrats,who were
easily manipulated. The importance of this election lay in the
fact that a woman wascontesting the highest political office
of the country. Theorthodox religious political parties,
including the Jamaat-e-Islami led by Maulana Maududi, which
had repeatedly declared that a woman could not
hold the highest office of a Muslim country.
 TherewereriotsinKarachiandEastPakistaninwhich20 peoplewere
killed.
Results

22. Conclusion
 man of great determination but lacking the quality of ‘listening to
others.
 He always did what he thought better in the light of his
own experience.
 His regime can be characterized with some developments but he
couldn’t maintain the national harmony among the distant provinces
of Pakistan