Zia ul Haq Regime
- 1. CHAPTER NO.29 THE ZIAULHAQ REGIME 1977_1988 Presented by: FABEHA NAFEES
- 2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1977elections Events occur after elections Uprising of Zia-ul-Haq Islamisation Soviet invasion Effects of soviet invasion Ojhri munitions camp
- 3. BACKGROUND On April1,1976 Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (prime minister ) appointed Zia-ul-Haq as Chief of Army Staff. Bhutto probably wanted somebody as the head of the armed forces who would not prove to be a threat for him.
- 4. 1977 ELECTIONS Electionsheld in 1977. PPP won more seats than PNA . PNA (Pakistan National Alliance) refused to accept the results. PPP_PNA clash ruined the economy . Destabilized the state. Z.A Bhutto had banned night clubs ,horse racing, liquor. Declared Friday as a holiday .
- 5. HIS PERFOMANCES GenZia removes Bhutto in a bloodless coup, suspending the constitution and declaring martial law. Announces elections will be held in 90 days. But simultaneously begins a censorship regime. Political activists and journalists are arrested and flogged in public. September 17, 1977 ZAB is arrested for “conspiracy to murder” October 1, 1977 Elections postponed indefinitely .
- 6. ISLAMISATION Ziaul haqsupported the movement for Islamisation. Imposed Zakat and Ushr. Introduced Islamic punishments for all crimes except murder, since Islamic laws would ensure Z.A Bhutto release . Give a boost to religious parties Banned political parties. This led to sectarian militancy and emergence of ethnic parties.
- 7. SOVIET INVASION InDecember 1979, in the midst of the Cold War, the Soviet 40th Army invaded Afghanistan in order to prop up the communist government of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) against a growing insurgency. ... The Soviet Union feared the loss of its communist proxy in Afghanistan. At the end of December 1979, the Soviet Union sent thousands of troops into Afghanistan and immediately assumed complete military and political control of Kabul and large portions of the country.
- 8. SOVIET INVASION EFFECTS Afghan refugeesflooded pakistan after soviet invasion. Society was brutalized. Introduction of klashinkov and drug cultures.
- 9. EVENTS OCCUR AFTERSOVIET INVASION Under cover of afghan crisis Ziaul Haq was able to replenish both coffers and arsenals of Pakistan. He continued the nuclear program. He allowed to given Siachen to India. In 1983,crushed the movement for Democracy MRD . Held referendum to give 5 year term as a president .
- 10. 1985 ELECTIONS Heldin 1985 February. A non party parliament was introduced. Muhammad khan Junejo a Prime Minister. He made the passing of Eight Amendment essential for the restoration of parliament, which gave constitutional cover to Martial law 58(2)(B) clause allowed to dismiss the prime minister. 31 December 1985 Martial law was lifted, but Zia remained President and chief of Army staff.
- 11. MUHAMMAD KHAN JUNEJO Junejo acted in an independent manner and displayed an admirable character. He signed an accord in Geneva which paved the way for soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan. He practised and imposed austerity in government expenditure . He put both military and civil officers in small cars.
- 12. OJHRI MUNITIONS CAMP In April1988,ojhri munitions camp blew up, and Junejo launched an inquiry . On may 29 1988, Zia dismissed Prime Minister Junejo and dissolved the Assembly.
- 13. CONCLUSION On 17August 1988,Zia was killed in an aircrash. The chairman of the senate, Ghulam Ishaq khan became president.