1. The document outlines key events in Pakistan from 1947 to 1958 after independence, including post-independence problems, Jinnah's passing, Liaquat Ali Khan becoming the first Prime Minister, the Kashmir crisis, and the passing of the Objectives Resolution. 2. It also discusses the Liaquat-Nehru Pact, lists Prime Ministers during this period, reasons for the failure of the first Pakistani constitution, and concludes with the first martial law in Pakistan in 1958 under Ayub Khan. 3. The period saw many challenges establishing the new nation of Pakistan including refugee crises, conflicts with India, and instability resulting in the country's first martial law.

1. NAMES OF GROUP MEMBERS
1: SYED MUDDASIR RASOOL GILLANI
2: HAMDIA AHSAN
3: TEHREEM KURSHID
4: JAVERIA

2. “TOPIC”
•1947 TO 1958 EVENTS
•THE TEETHING YEARS 1947-1953

3. “OUTLINE”
• POST INDEPENDENCE PROBLEMS.
• JINNAH PASSES AWAY.
• LIAQUAT ALI KHAN AS PRIME MINISTER.
• KASHMIR CRISIS.
• OBJECTVES RESOLUTION IS PASSED.
• LIAQUAT NEHRU PACT.
• NAMES OF PRIME MINISERS OF PAKISTAN..
• FAILURE OF FIRST CONSTITUTION OF PAKISTAN.
• FIRST MARTIAL LAW IN PAKISTAN ON FACT 1958.

4. “POST INDEPENDENCE PROBLEMS”
Pakistan was carved out in desperate urgency. It came in to existence with horrible
loss of life and property , and the migration of millions of dazed and destitute men ,
women, and children. The cost was heavy in terms of human suffering. But what the
Muslims wanted and what they achieved was a homeland of their own. They now had
the freedom to worship, practice their religious faith and develop their culture.
Moreover, independence had opened up a bright future for the Muslims, who hoped
for a better standard of living, economic development, prosperity and a fuller life.

5. JINNAH PASSES AWAY
As the first Governor-General of Pakistan, Jinnah worked to establish the new nation's
government and policies, and to aid the millions of muslim migrants who had
emigrated from the new nation of India to Pakistan after independence, personally
supervising the establishment of refugee camps. Jinnah died at age 71 in September
1948, just over a year after Pakistan gained independence from the United Kingdom.
He left a deep and respected legacy in Pakistan. Innumerable streets, roads and
localities in the world are named after Jinnah. Several universities and public
buildings in Pakistan bear Jinnah's name. According to his biographer, Stanley
Wolpert , he remains Pakistan's greatest leader.

6. LIAQUAT ALI KHAN AS PRIME MINISTER.
Liaquat Ali khan was one of the leading founding fathers of Pakistan, statesman,
lawyer, and political theorist who became the first Prime Minister of Pakistan. He also
held cabinet portfolio as the first foreign , defence , and the frontier regions minister
from 1947 until his assassination in 1951. Prior to the partition, Khan briefly tenured
as the first finance minister in the interim government led by its Governor General
Mountbatten.

7. “KASHMIR CRISIS”
The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan over
the Kashmir region. The conflict started after the partition of India in 1947 as a
dispute over the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir and escalated into three
wars between India and Pakistan and several other armed skirmishes. China has also
been involved in the conflict in a third-party role. Both India and Pakistan claimed the
entirety of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, although Pakistan has
recognized Chinese sovereignty over the Trans-Karakoram Tract and Aksai Chin since
1963. India controls approximately 55% of the land area of the region and 70% of its
population, Pakistan controls approximately 30% of the land, while China controls the
remaining 15%.

8. “OBJECTVES RESOLUTION IS PASSED”
The Objectives Resolution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on
March 12, 1949. Prime Minister, Liaquat Ali Khan, had presented it in the assembly on
March 7, 1949. Out of 75 members of the assembly, 21 voted for it. All the
amendments proposed by minority members were rejected. Consequently, all of them
voted against it. The resolution proclaimed that the future constitution of Pakistan
would not be modeled entirely on a European pattern, but on the ideology and
democratic faith of Islam. The resolution, in its entirety, has been made part of the
Constitution of Pakistan under Article 2(A).

9. “LIAQUAT NEHRU PACT”
The Liaquat Nehru Pact (or the Delhi Pact) was a bilateral treaty between the two
South-Asian states of India and Pakistan, where refugees were allowed to return to
dispose of their property, abducted women and looted property were to be returned,
forced conversions were unrecognized, and minority rights were confirmed. The treaty
was signed in New Delhi by the Prime Minister of India Jawahar Lal Nehru and the
Prime Minister of Pakistan Liaquat Ali Khan on April 8, 1950. The treaty was outcome
of six days of talks sought to guarantee the rights of minorities in both countries after
the Partition of India and to avert another war between them.
Minority commissions were set up in both countries. More than one million refugees
migrated from East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to West Bengal in India.

10. “NAMES OF PRIME MINISERS OF PAKISTAN”
• Liaquat Ali Khan “14 August 1947 – 16 October 1951”.
• Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin “17 October 1951 – 17 April 1953”.
• Muhammad Ali Bogra “17 April 1953 – 12 August 1955”.
• Chaudhry Muhammad Ali “12 August 1955 – 12 September 1956”.
• Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy “12 September 1956 – 17 October 1957”.
• Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar “17 October 1957 – 16 December 1957”.
• Sir Feroz Khan Noon “16 December 1957 – 7 October 1958”.

11. “FAILURE OF FIRST CONSTITUTION OF PAKISTAN”
• Lack of Leadership.
• Lack of Political Training.
• Unicameralism.
• Delay in Elections.
• Non Existence of Economic Equality.
• Lack of State Parliamentary System.
• Role of President.
• Lack of Education.
• One Unit.

12. FIRST MARTIAL LAW IN PAKISTAN ON FACT 1958
On the night of 7 October 1958, the constitution was suspended by a Presidential
proclamation. The ministers were dismissed the legislatures dissolved and political
parties were banned. The Commander in Chief of the Army, General Mohammad Ayub
Khan, was appointed Chief Martial Law Administrator. The proclamation dwelt at
length on the chaotic state of the country, lack of scruples on the part of
parliamentary leaders, widespread corruption, irresponsible conduct of services and
disorderly finances. Another announcement stated that the object of this ‘take over’
was to ‘clear the messes’ and prepare the country for more practicable form
government. Three weeks experience of the new government showed, however, that
Iskandar Mirza was still playing and trying to use the same weapons against his new
colleagues that he had so successfully used against the politicians. He was made to
vacate office on 27 October1958 and the Chief Martial Law Administrator, Mohammad
Ayub Khan, became the President of the country.