When a geosynchronous satellite is placed directly above the Equator with a circular orbit and angular velocity identical to that of the Earth, the satellite is known as a geostationary satellite.

1. PRESENTATION ON GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITES (GEOs)
Course Code: EEE-3307
Course Tittle: Radar & Satellite Communication
North Western University, Khulna
Submitted By:
Name: SABUJ SAHA
ID:20172027021
Name: MD.SHOHANUR RAHMAN
ID:20172028021
Name: NASRIN JAHAN
ID:20172029021
Name: DEBBROTA KUMAR GHUHA
ID:20172030021
Name: MST. HABIBA YASMIN
ID:20172035021
3 rd Year, 3rd Semester (Spring- 2020)
Submitted To:
Name:Priyankar Biswas
Lecturer of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Department
North Western University, Khulna

2. Contents
 Introduction of Geostationary Satellite
 Diagram Geo Satellite
 Classification
 Some Indian Geostationary Satellites
 Orbital Altitude
 History of Geo Orbit
 Geo Orbit Diagram
 The first Bangladeshi geostationary communications satellite Bangabandhu-1
 Advantage and Disadvantage
 Geo Vs Leo
 Applications
 Conclusion
 References

3. INTRODUCTION OF GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE
 A geostationary satellite is any satellite which is placed in a geostationary
orbit. Satellites in geostationary orbit maintain a constant position relative to
the surface of the earth.
 Geostationary satellites do this by orbiting the earth approximately 22,300
miles above the equator. This orbital path is called the Clarke Belt, in honor
of Arthur C. Clarke.

4.  In other words, if a satellite in a geostationary orbit is in a certain place
above the earth, it will stay in that same spot above the earth. Its latitude
stays at zero and its longitude remains constant.
 Geostationary satellites are commonly used for communications and weather-
observation.

5.  The typical service life expectancy of a geostationary satellite is ten to
fifteen years.
 Because geostationary satellites circle the earth at the equator, they are not
able to provide coverage at the Northernmost and Southernmost latitudes.
 Geostationary orbits are often referred to as geosynchronous or just GEO.
 A geo-stationary orbit is also sometimes called: stationary, or synchronous
orbit.

6. DIAGRAM OF GEO SATELLITE

7. CLASSIFICATION
 LEO (LOWER EARTH ORBIT)
 MEO (MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT)
 GEO (GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT)

8. SOME INDIAN GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITES

9. ORBITAL ALTITUDE
 LEO 500-2,000KM Above the earth.
 MEO 8,000-20,000KM Above the earth.
 GEO 35,786KM Above the earth.

10. HISTORY OF GEO ORBIT
 The concept of the geostationary orbit has been around since the early part of the twentieth
century.
 The person most widely given credit for the concept of using this orbit for communications is
ARTHUR C. CLARKE.
 In an article he published in Wireless World in October 1945 titled "Extra-Terrestrial Relays:
Can Rocket Stations Give World-wide Radio Coverage?“ Clarke extrapolates from the German
rocket research of the time to a day when communications around the world would be possible
via a network of three geostationary satellites spaced at equal intervals around the earth's
equator.

11. GEO ORBIT DIAGRAM

12. The first Bangladeshi geostationary communications
satellite Bangabandhu-1

13. BANGABANDHU SATELLITE 1
Bangladesh Communication Satellite Company Limited was established on 15 August 2017.
Bangabandhu Communication satellite is the first satellite of Bangladesh.
The Bangabandhu Satellite-1 (BANGABANDHUSAT1 or BS-1) is the first Bangladeshi geostationary
communications and Broadcasting Satellite. It was launched on 11 May 2018. The project is being
implemented by Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC) and was the first
payload launched by a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket of SpaceX.

14. ADVANTAGES GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE
 High coverage area.
 Five geostationary satellites are enough to cover all of the regions of the
Earth.
 One ground segment is enough for the satellite monitoring.
 No problem with frequency changes.

15. DIS-ADVANTAGES GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE
 Polar regions are not observed.
 One big problem with Geostationary satellites is that since they are always
positioned above the equator they can't see the north or south poles and are
of limited use for latitudes greater than 60-70 degrees north or south.
 Weak signal after traveling over 35,000 km.
 Signal sending delay.

16. GEO VS LEO

17. GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE ARE USEFUL FOR MANY APPLICATIONS
TELECOMMUNICATION:-
 World wide operational telecommunication systems for telephones, TV and
digitized transmission lines.
ARMY:-
 Alarm systems - detection of rocket launches.
 Geostationary satellites are also commonly used for communications and
weather-observation.

18. Conclusion
• Making a comparison between radio space networks and satellites which carry
these radios on board is relatively simple and inexpensive. It leads to the
detection of facts which might otherwise escape attention.
• The Latin proverb “EX FACTO SEQUITUR LEX” suggests that knowledge of
important facts may be useful for correctly formulating laws or for making
efficient decisions. The present contribution is offered in that spirit.
• Comparative Tables should be maintained and updated by an organization, not
by an individual because they deal with the efficient use of the GEO.
• As always, laws and decisions are in the hands of sovereign nations.

19. References
 www.slideshare.net
 www.intechopen.com
 www.n2yo.com

20. THANK YOU