Presentation 8 Digestive System
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This document discusses several medical procedures and tests: A colonoscopy examines the rectum and colon using a thin flexible tube with a camera to find ulcers, polyps, tumors, and areas of bleeding or inflammation. Biopsy samples can be collected and polyps removed. It is recommended for cancer screening. A bilirubin blood test measures the level of bilirubin waste in the blood, high levels indicating potential liver disease. Bilirubin is a yellowish byproduct of heme catabolism normally excreted in urine and bile, with accumulation causing jaundice. Gastric lavage uses a nasogastric tube to empty the stomach contents after ingesting dangerous substances or
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This document provides an overview of imaging techniques for evaluating the gastrointestinal system, including plain abdominal x-rays, barium enema, and small bowel follow through. It describes the anatomy visualized, procedures for performing the exams, normal findings, and examples of common pathological findings. Key points covered include differences between single and double contrast barium enema, indications and contraindications for the exams, and examples of how various gastrointestinal diseases appear on imaging.
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The document provides information on anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal system, liver and biliary tree. It discusses the functions of major organs like the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. It also describes various diagnostic tests and procedures related to the GI system as well as common gastrointestinal diseases and their nursing management.
Digestive system terms
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a gastroenterologist examines the inner lining of the large intestine and rectum using a thin flexible tube with a camera. It allows doctors to visually check for abnormalities like polyps and take tissue samples. Patients must undergo bowel preparation beforehand by following a clear liquid diet and taking laxatives. The procedure is mostly painless and performed as an outpatient procedure under sedation. Colonoscopies are recommended for people over 50 to screen for colorectal cancer.
GYNAECOLOGICAL DISORDERS. Nursing detailed approach to gynaecological disorders
The document provides information on caring for patients with gynecological conditions. It outlines the objectives of understanding key terms, recognizing disorders, describing common disorders, and demonstrating care abilities. It defines important gynecological terms and describes investigations including medical history, physical exam, urine and blood tests, cervical smears, biopsies, and radiological exams to diagnose gynecological issues.
Digestive system presentation
The document discusses the digestive system and three medical terms: colonoscopy, cachexia, and hernioplasty. Colonoscopy is defined as a procedure where a camera is inserted through the anus and colon to examine the colon and potentially remove polyps or growths. Cachexia refers to wasting and weight loss during chronic diseases like AIDS or cancer. Hernioplasty is the surgical repair of a hernia, also called herniorrhaphy.
2015 infeccao endoscopia
1) Three patients developed Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections after undergoing ERCP procedures using the same pancreatic and biliary endoscope.
2) The endoscope was cleaned and disinfected multiple times according to standard protocols, but still tested positive for P. aeruginosa on subsequent biological inspections.
3) The endoscope's internal tubes were eventually replaced, after which the endoscope tested negative for bacteria, suggesting the previous positive results were due to damage or biofilm formation within the endoscope that made thorough cleaning and disinfection impossible.
Gastrointestinal
The document provides an overview of gastrointestinal system anatomy and physiology, including the structures and functions of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory organs such as the liver, gallbladder and pancreas. It also discusses diagnostic tests and treatments for gastrointestinal disorders, including endoscopy, barium studies, enemas, nasogastric intubation and total parenteral nutrition. Specific conditions like hiatal hernia are described.
peritoneum.ppt
The document discusses the peritoneum, which is the largest serous membrane in the body. It is divided into parietal and visceral portions. The parietal portion lines body cavities while the visceral portion covers abdominal organs. The peritoneum has several functions including suspending organs, secreting fluid, and preventing infection spread. Inflammation of the peritoneum is called peritonitis and can be caused by infection or leakage of sterile fluids. Symptoms, treatment, and causes of specific peritoneal conditions like mesothelioma and carcinomas are also outlined.
Epiphrenic diverticulum
This case presentation describes a patient with a long history of regurgitation and dysphagia who was ultimately diagnosed with achalasia and an associated epiphrenic diverticulum. The patient underwent surgery involving mobilization and resection of the diverticulum followed by an esophageal myotomy and Dor fundoplication. Post-operatively, the patient's symptoms resolved and he was discharged after a few days on a soft diet.
Jackie Dillman Ectopic
A 29-year-old female presented with intense back and pelvic pain for twelve hours. Ultrasound revealed no intrauterine gestational sac but moderate free fluid in the pelvis. Given her history of pregnancy and pain, ectopic pregnancy was considered the leading differential diagnosis. She underwent surgery and pathology confirmed an ectopic pregnancy. Follow up CT after surgery found no complications and her symptoms had resolved.
Office gynecology
The document discusses the initial assessment of a gynecologic patient, including communication skills, history taking, and physical examination techniques. The physical examination involves inspection of the external genitalia, breast and abdominal examination, speculum examination of the vagina and cervix, bimanual pelvic examination, and in some cases rectal examination. Minor diagnostic procedures like colposcopy, endometrial biopsy and cryosurgery are also outlined. Good communication and rapport building are essential for the assessment.
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Diagnostic studies of the gastrointestinal system include radiological studies like barium swallows and enemas, endoscopic studies, blood tests, biopsies, and fecal tests. Nursing responsibilities for these tests include explaining procedures to patients, ensuring pre-procedure fasting, monitoring patients during tests, and observing for complications after tests. Common radiological tests include barium swallows, small bowel series, and barium enemas which use barium and x-rays to visualize the GI tract, while endoscopy uses scopes inserted into the GI tract.
Chapter 8 presentation
Serum bilirubin is a blood test that measures the amount of bilirubin, a byproduct of red blood cell breakdown, in the bloodstream. Elevated bilirubin levels can indicate liver disease or other issues. A hernioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hernia, which occurs when an organ bulges through a weakened area of muscle or tissue in the abdominal wall. During the procedure, mesh is often used to repair the weak spot and prevent reoccurrence of the hernia. An anastomosis surgically reconnects two separated organs or vessels, such as reconnecting parts of the intestine after removal of a cancerous section.
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Presentation 8 Digestive System
- 2. Procedure to examine the a portion of the large intestine (the rectum and colon) Used to find: Ulcers Polyps Tumors Areas of Inflammation and Bleeding
- 3. Colonoscope Thin flexible tube 48-72 inches long Camera on the end Passed through the anus into the colon
- 4. Collect biopsy samples Remove polyps and small growths Recommended for cancer screening
- 5. Blood test Determines amount of bilirubin waste in bloodstream High levels may indicate liver disease
- 6. Yellowish metabolic byproduct of heme catabolism Excreted in urine and bile Accumulation causes yellowish appearance to skin called: jaundice
- 8. Gastric Lavage: aka pumping of the stomach or gastric irrigation Uses NG (nasogastric tube) to wash out the stomach
- 9. Empty stomach contents after ingestion of dangerous substances (drugs, poison, alcohol) Used to empty stomach prior to surgery
- 10. Surgical repair of a hernia
- 11. A sac formed by the peritoneum Sac comes through a hole or weak area in the fascia Types: Hiatal Hernia- protrusion of stomach through the diaphragm Inguinal Hernia - protrusion of a loop of small intestines into inguinal region
- 12. Long incision made Protrusion is pushed back into place or tied off and removed Weak tissue where bulge occurred is made stronger by stitching health muscle tissue together: herniorrhaphy Recovery Time 3 weeks to light activity 6 weeks to return to heavy or strenuous activity
- 13. Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Frucht. Medical Terminology: A Living Language. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009. Print. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed http://www.webmd.com