Common terms of the digestive system chapter8
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This document defines and describes several common terms related to the digestive system: Hematochezia is the passing of bright red blood in stool, which can be caused by cancer, hemorrhoids, diverticulitis, or infection. A colonoscopy examines the large bowel and distal small bowel using a colonoscope to detect and remove polyps or small growths. Hernioplasty is surgery to repair a hernia by repositioning abdominal contents. Lavage involves cleaning the stomach contents by passing a tube and flushing liquid.
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Duodenum and duodenal diverticulum
The duodenum is the C-shaped, initial part of the small intestine that receives contents from the stomach. Duodenal diverticula are pouches that can protrude either outside (extramural) or inside (intramural) the duodenum wall. Extramural diverticula are more common, located near the bile duct entrance, and their cause is not fully known. Most duodenal diverticula are asymptomatic, but some people experience abdominal pain, nausea, or jaundice. Complications can include gallstones or inflammation of the bile ducts and pancreas if the diverticulum obstructs these structures. Diagnosis involves imaging like barium X-rays, endoscopy, CT
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Fowlkesdigestivesystem
This document summarizes key terms related to the digestive system. It defines bite-wing x-rays as dental x-rays used to view posterior teeth, and explains they are used to examine interdental caries and bone loss. It describes serum bilirubin as a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, which are elevated in conditions like hepatitis or gallstones. Lavage is explained as using a nasogastric tube to clean out stomach contents, often after overdoses or before surgery. Finally, anastomosis is defined as the surgical connection of two organs or vessels, like rejoining sections of intestines after removal of a part.
Pancreatic ascites
Pancreatic ascites refers to fluid accumulation in the abdomen caused by a dysfunctional pancreas, usually due to a leak from the pancreatic duct. Approximately 95% of cases are associated with chronic pancreatitis where a stricture prevents pancreatic juices from draining properly into the duodenum. Patients typically present with abdominal swelling, weight loss, pain, and shortness of breath. Treatment options include conservative management with nutrition and drainage or surgical repair of leaks and strictures.
analysis of abdominal x-ray gas.
This document provides an overview of various radiological findings that can be seen on plain X-ray images of the abdomen. It describes signs of free air in the abdomen, bowel obstruction, gallstones, pancreatic and vascular calcifications, and abdominal masses. Location and features that help differentiate small from large bowel obstruction are also outlined.
Defining terms
A colonoscopy is a visual exam of the colon and part of the small intestine used to detect colon cancer. Hematochezia is the passage of fresh blood through the anus, which can be a symptom of colon cancer, infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or lack of blood flow to the intestines. A hernioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hernia, which is a hole or rupture in the abdomen, through an incision in the groin. An anastomosis is the reconnection of two previously separated structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine.
Mt #8
The digestive system processes food through a series of organs and glands. A colonoscopy examines the entire large intestine using a flexible tube with a camera to detect issues like colon cancer or polyps. Hematochezia is the passage of stool containing blood, a symptom of colon cancer which is usually caused by conditions like diverticulitis or hemorrhoids. Hernioplasty, also known as herniorrhaphy, is a surgery to repair a hernia where an organ protrudes through the cavity wall. Lavage generally refers to rinsing or cleaning and has several medical applications such as washing out a stomach or cleaning body cavities.
Perforated peptic ulcer by Dr.K.AmrithaAnilkumar
PERFORATED PEPTIC ULCER
PERFORATION
DEFINITION
It is the terminology used for perforation of duodenal ulcer or gastric ulcer or stomal ulcer.
Otherwise all clinical features and management are similar.
Perforation is common in duodenal ulcer
Mortality is more in gastric ulcer perforation and perforation in elderly
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Duodenum and duodenal diverticulum
The duodenum is the C-shaped, initial part of the small intestine that receives contents from the stomach. Duodenal diverticula are pouches that can protrude either outside (extramural) or inside (intramural) the duodenum wall. Extramural diverticula are more common, located near the bile duct entrance, and their cause is not fully known. Most duodenal diverticula are asymptomatic, but some people experience abdominal pain, nausea, or jaundice. Complications can include gallstones or inflammation of the bile ducts and pancreas if the diverticulum obstructs these structures. Diagnosis involves imaging like barium X-rays, endoscopy, CT
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Fowlkesdigestivesystem
This document summarizes key terms related to the digestive system. It defines bite-wing x-rays as dental x-rays used to view posterior teeth, and explains they are used to examine interdental caries and bone loss. It describes serum bilirubin as a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, which are elevated in conditions like hepatitis or gallstones. Lavage is explained as using a nasogastric tube to clean out stomach contents, often after overdoses or before surgery. Finally, anastomosis is defined as the surgical connection of two organs or vessels, like rejoining sections of intestines after removal of a part.
Pancreatic ascites
Pancreatic ascites refers to fluid accumulation in the abdomen caused by a dysfunctional pancreas, usually due to a leak from the pancreatic duct. Approximately 95% of cases are associated with chronic pancreatitis where a stricture prevents pancreatic juices from draining properly into the duodenum. Patients typically present with abdominal swelling, weight loss, pain, and shortness of breath. Treatment options include conservative management with nutrition and drainage or surgical repair of leaks and strictures.
analysis of abdominal x-ray gas.
This document provides an overview of various radiological findings that can be seen on plain X-ray images of the abdomen. It describes signs of free air in the abdomen, bowel obstruction, gallstones, pancreatic and vascular calcifications, and abdominal masses. Location and features that help differentiate small from large bowel obstruction are also outlined.
Defining terms
A colonoscopy is a visual exam of the colon and part of the small intestine used to detect colon cancer. Hematochezia is the passage of fresh blood through the anus, which can be a symptom of colon cancer, infections, inflammatory bowel disease, or lack of blood flow to the intestines. A hernioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a hernia, which is a hole or rupture in the abdomen, through an incision in the groin. An anastomosis is the reconnection of two previously separated structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine.
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The digestive system processes food through a series of organs and glands. A colonoscopy examines the entire large intestine using a flexible tube with a camera to detect issues like colon cancer or polyps. Hematochezia is the passage of stool containing blood, a symptom of colon cancer which is usually caused by conditions like diverticulitis or hemorrhoids. Hernioplasty, also known as herniorrhaphy, is a surgery to repair a hernia where an organ protrudes through the cavity wall. Lavage generally refers to rinsing or cleaning and has several medical applications such as washing out a stomach or cleaning body cavities.
Perforated peptic ulcer by Dr.K.AmrithaAnilkumar
PERFORATED PEPTIC ULCER
PERFORATION
DEFINITION
It is the terminology used for perforation of duodenal ulcer or gastric ulcer or stomal ulcer.
Otherwise all clinical features and management are similar.
Perforation is common in duodenal ulcer
Mortality is more in gastric ulcer perforation and perforation in elderly
Chapter 8 digestive
The document defines several medical terms related to the digestive system:
- Colonoscopy is a procedure to examine the inside of the colon using a flexible tube with a camera.
- Serum bilirubin is a liver test that measures bilirubin levels, which may indicate liver problems or gallbladder issues if elevated.
- Hernioplasty is a surgical hernia repair where mesh is often used to strengthen the abdominal wall.
- Anastomosis is a surgical connection between vessels, ducts, or bowel segments.
Peritonitis
The document discusses different types of peritonitis including primary, secondary, and tertiary peritonitis, describes their causes, symptoms, investigations, and treatments. It also provides a case scenario of a patient presenting with abdominal pain and found to have a perforated duodenal ulcer causing peritonitis.
Stomach and duodenum_-_benign_lesions[2]
This document summarizes various benign lesions of the stomach and duodenum. It describes the gross anatomy and embryology of the stomach and duodenum. It then discusses several specific benign conditions like idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, duodenal atresia, gastric and duodenal diverticula, gastric and duodenal webs, gastric ulcers, and various inflammatory conditions of the stomach and duodenum including erosive gastritis, antral gastritis, helicobacter pylori gastritis, hypertrophic gastritis, and Menetrier's disease. It provides details on clinical features, investigative findings, treatment and prognosis for many of these conditions.
Module 2 Anatomy & Diseases
This document provides definitions for various anatomy and medical terms related to the stomach, gallbladder, colon, female reproductive system, and surgical procedures. It defines terms like gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, fundoplication, vagotomy, cholecystectomy, cholecystitis, cholecystolithiasis, total colectomy, episiotomy, salpingectomy, oophrectomy, myomectomy, D&C, and Caesarean section. The document serves as a reference for common anatomy, diseases, and surgical procedures involving the listed organ systems.
Abdominal xray images
This document provides information on abdominal x-ray images and findings. It discusses various conditions that can be seen on abdominal x-rays including bowel obstructions, necrotizing enterocolitis, intussusception, volvulus, malrotation, peritonitis, appendicitis, and meconium peritonitis. For each condition, it describes typical x-ray findings and includes example images demonstrating these findings.
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Hernia
The document defines hernia as a protrusion of an organ through the body wall that contains it, discusses the most common types of hernias including their risk factors, classifications, clinical features, and management through both non-operative and operative approaches such as open and laparoscopic repair. Specific hernia configurations and other rare types are also reviewed, with comparisons in characteristics and treatments.
Dr. kawa (Radiology-GIT)
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X ray signs of abdomen
This document provides descriptions of various radiological signs seen on abdominal imaging and their associated clinical conditions. It lists over 20 different radiological signs in alphabetical order, including the apple core sign seen with colonic carcinoma, bird's beak sign seen with achalasia, bowler hat sign seen with colonic diverticulum, and double bubble sign seen with duodenal atresia. For each sign, a brief 1-2 sentence description of the imaging appearance and associated clinical condition is given. The document serves as a reference for interpreting common radiological findings on abdominal x-rays and contrast studies.
Diseases of Peritoneum Mesentry and Omentum
This document provides an overview of the anatomy and functions of the peritoneum, mesentery, and omentum. It describes:
1) The peritoneum is the largest serous membrane in the body, consisting of parietal and visceral layers. It has functions including pain perception, lubrication, and immune responses.
2) The peritoneal cavity contains serous fluid and is divided into recesses like the greater and lesser sacs. Various organs are located in the retroperitoneum.
3) Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneal cavity that can be localized or generalized. It has many causes including perforations, infections, and trauma. Diagnosis involves signs of pain and
Haemorrhoids (piles)
Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen blood vessels in or around the anus and lower rectum. They can be internal or external, and come in varying degrees of severity. Symptoms include pain, itching, bleeding, and feelings of heaviness or incomplete evacuation. Complications may include bleeding, pain, necrosis, and infection. Common causes are constipation, obesity, prolonged diarrhea, heavy lifting, pregnancy, and family history. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms through lifestyle changes, creams, suppositories, and in severe cases surgery.
Achlasia cardia by Dr.K.AmrithaAnilkumar
ACHALASIA CARDIA (Cardiospasm)
DEFINITION
It is failure of relaxation of cardia (oesophago- gastric junction) due to disorganized oesophageal peristalsis, as a result of failure of integration of parasympathetic impulses causing functional obstruction
(Achalasia means failure to relax—Greek).
ACHALASIA CARDIA (Cardiospasm)
DEFINITION
It is failure of relaxation of cardia (oesophago- gastric junction) due to disorganized oesophageal peristalsis, as a result of failure of integration of parasympathetic impulses causing functional obstruction
(Achalasia means failure to relax—Greek).
Surgery X-rays
The document describes various medical imaging tests and their findings and indications. It discusses x-rays of the chest, esophagus, stomach and intestines. It also mentions barium enema tests, mammograms, angiograms and other imaging exams along with what they show and what conditions they can help evaluate.
Mesentericcysts
mesenteric cyst is fluid collection between two layers of small bowel mesentery, Mesenteric cysts can be simple or multiple, unilocular or multilocular, and they may contain hemorrhagic, serous, chylous, or infected fluid.
The fluid is serous in ileal and colonic cysts and is chylous in jejunal cysts.
They can range in size from a few millimeters to 40 cm in diameter.
Small Intestine TB (Tuberculosis)
This document discusses tuberculosis of the small intestine, focusing on the ileocecal region as the most common site of infection. It describes the clinical presentation, investigations, and management of intestinal TB. Key points include: intestinal TB most often presents with abdominal pain, weight loss, and fever; diagnosis involves imaging, ascitic fluid analysis, and biopsy; treatment is usually antibiotic therapy but surgery may be needed for complications like obstruction or perforation.
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1. The peritoneum is a thin serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It is divided into the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall and visceral peritoneum covering the organs.
2. Disorders of the peritoneum include ascites, peritoneal infections like intraperitoneal abscesses, and peritonitis. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity usually due to liver disease. Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum which can be primary/bacterial, secondary/surgical, or tuberculous.
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Please find the power point on Hemorrhoids. I tried present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references.
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The document discusses the radiological approach to evaluating acute abdominal pain. It outlines various imaging techniques including plain X-rays, ultrasound, and CT scans. CT is superior for confirming diagnoses, detecting complications like free air or fluid collections. Common causes of abdominal pain by quadrant are described. Key findings on imaging for conditions like bowel obstruction, ileus, pancreatitis and cholecystitis are provided.
Diseases of esophagus stomach,duodenum
This document summarizes diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It describes the structure and functions of the esophagus, including that it connects the throat to the stomach and contains two sphincters. Diseases that can affect the esophagus include inflammation, cancer, Barrett's esophagus, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The document also briefly outlines common diseases of the stomach and duodenum, such as ulcers and gastritis.
Presentation #8
The document discusses several medical topics:
1) Hematochezia refers to the passage of blood in stool, which can originate from the colon, rectum, or anus. Bright red blood indicates bleeding close to the anus, while maroon or black blood comes from higher up in the gastrointestinal tract.
2) A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible tube to view the inside of the colon. It may be performed to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, or abnormal scans.
3) Cachexia is the irreversible loss of body mass despite increased calorie intake. It often indicates an underlying condition like cancer and causes muscle wasting and fatigue.
Presentation #8
The document discusses several medical topics:
1) Hematochezia refers to the passage of blood in stool, which can originate from the colon, rectum, or anus. Bright red blood indicates bleeding close to the anus, while maroon or black blood comes from higher up in the gastrointestinal tract.
2) A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible tube to view the inside of the colon. It may be performed to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, or abnormal scans.
3) Cachexia is the irreversible loss of body mass despite increased calorie intake. It often indicates an underlying condition like cancer and causes muscle wasting and fatigue.
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Chapter 8 digestive
The document defines several medical terms related to the digestive system:
- Colonoscopy is a procedure to examine the inside of the colon using a flexible tube with a camera.
- Serum bilirubin is a liver test that measures bilirubin levels, which may indicate liver problems or gallbladder issues if elevated.
- Hernioplasty is a surgical hernia repair where mesh is often used to strengthen the abdominal wall.
- Anastomosis is a surgical connection between vessels, ducts, or bowel segments.
Peritonitis
The document discusses different types of peritonitis including primary, secondary, and tertiary peritonitis, describes their causes, symptoms, investigations, and treatments. It also provides a case scenario of a patient presenting with abdominal pain and found to have a perforated duodenal ulcer causing peritonitis.
Stomach and duodenum_-_benign_lesions[2]
This document summarizes various benign lesions of the stomach and duodenum. It describes the gross anatomy and embryology of the stomach and duodenum. It then discusses several specific benign conditions like idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, duodenal atresia, gastric and duodenal diverticula, gastric and duodenal webs, gastric ulcers, and various inflammatory conditions of the stomach and duodenum including erosive gastritis, antral gastritis, helicobacter pylori gastritis, hypertrophic gastritis, and Menetrier's disease. It provides details on clinical features, investigative findings, treatment and prognosis for many of these conditions.
Module 2 Anatomy & Diseases
This document provides definitions for various anatomy and medical terms related to the stomach, gallbladder, colon, female reproductive system, and surgical procedures. It defines terms like gastrectomy, gastroenterostomy, fundoplication, vagotomy, cholecystectomy, cholecystitis, cholecystolithiasis, total colectomy, episiotomy, salpingectomy, oophrectomy, myomectomy, D&C, and Caesarean section. The document serves as a reference for common anatomy, diseases, and surgical procedures involving the listed organ systems.
Abdominal xray images
This document provides information on abdominal x-ray images and findings. It discusses various conditions that can be seen on abdominal x-rays including bowel obstructions, necrotizing enterocolitis, intussusception, volvulus, malrotation, peritonitis, appendicitis, and meconium peritonitis. For each condition, it describes typical x-ray findings and includes example images demonstrating these findings.
Ext auditory canal atresia dermoid perforated appendix
The document discusses the anatomy and clinical presentation of acute appendicitis. It notes that atypical presentations can cause diagnostic confusion, especially in young and elderly patients. It then lists common differential diagnoses. The document goes on to discuss various imaging modalities for diagnosing appendicitis such as ultrasound, CT scan and MRI. It notes the sensitivity and specificity of each test as well as common imaging findings for appendicitis and its complications. The document concludes by discussing dermoid cysts, including their characteristics, imaging appearance and treatment.
Hernia
The document defines hernia as a protrusion of an organ through the body wall that contains it, discusses the most common types of hernias including their risk factors, classifications, clinical features, and management through both non-operative and operative approaches such as open and laparoscopic repair. Specific hernia configurations and other rare types are also reviewed, with comparisons in characteristics and treatments.
Dr. kawa (Radiology-GIT)
This document provides an overview of radiological techniques used to examine the gastrointestinal system and abnormalities that can be detected. It describes normal findings and abnormalities for the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, hepatobiliary system, spleen, pancreas, peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneum. Common pathologies discussed include strictures, varices, hiatal hernias, ulcers, tumors, masses, obstructions, and infections. Radiological exams covered are barium swallow, upper GI series, small bowel follow through, barium enema, ultrasound, CT, and MRI.
X ray signs of abdomen
This document provides descriptions of various radiological signs seen on abdominal imaging and their associated clinical conditions. It lists over 20 different radiological signs in alphabetical order, including the apple core sign seen with colonic carcinoma, bird's beak sign seen with achalasia, bowler hat sign seen with colonic diverticulum, and double bubble sign seen with duodenal atresia. For each sign, a brief 1-2 sentence description of the imaging appearance and associated clinical condition is given. The document serves as a reference for interpreting common radiological findings on abdominal x-rays and contrast studies.
Diseases of Peritoneum Mesentry and Omentum
This document provides an overview of the anatomy and functions of the peritoneum, mesentery, and omentum. It describes:
1) The peritoneum is the largest serous membrane in the body, consisting of parietal and visceral layers. It has functions including pain perception, lubrication, and immune responses.
2) The peritoneal cavity contains serous fluid and is divided into recesses like the greater and lesser sacs. Various organs are located in the retroperitoneum.
3) Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneal cavity that can be localized or generalized. It has many causes including perforations, infections, and trauma. Diagnosis involves signs of pain and
Haemorrhoids (piles)
Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen blood vessels in or around the anus and lower rectum. They can be internal or external, and come in varying degrees of severity. Symptoms include pain, itching, bleeding, and feelings of heaviness or incomplete evacuation. Complications may include bleeding, pain, necrosis, and infection. Common causes are constipation, obesity, prolonged diarrhea, heavy lifting, pregnancy, and family history. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms through lifestyle changes, creams, suppositories, and in severe cases surgery.
Achlasia cardia by Dr.K.AmrithaAnilkumar
ACHALASIA CARDIA (Cardiospasm)
DEFINITION
It is failure of relaxation of cardia (oesophago- gastric junction) due to disorganized oesophageal peristalsis, as a result of failure of integration of parasympathetic impulses causing functional obstruction
(Achalasia means failure to relax—Greek).
ACHALASIA CARDIA (Cardiospasm)
DEFINITION
It is failure of relaxation of cardia (oesophago- gastric junction) due to disorganized oesophageal peristalsis, as a result of failure of integration of parasympathetic impulses causing functional obstruction
(Achalasia means failure to relax—Greek).
Surgery X-rays
The document describes various medical imaging tests and their findings and indications. It discusses x-rays of the chest, esophagus, stomach and intestines. It also mentions barium enema tests, mammograms, angiograms and other imaging exams along with what they show and what conditions they can help evaluate.
Mesentericcysts
mesenteric cyst is fluid collection between two layers of small bowel mesentery, Mesenteric cysts can be simple or multiple, unilocular or multilocular, and they may contain hemorrhagic, serous, chylous, or infected fluid.
The fluid is serous in ileal and colonic cysts and is chylous in jejunal cysts.
They can range in size from a few millimeters to 40 cm in diameter.
Small Intestine TB (Tuberculosis)
This document discusses tuberculosis of the small intestine, focusing on the ileocecal region as the most common site of infection. It describes the clinical presentation, investigations, and management of intestinal TB. Key points include: intestinal TB most often presents with abdominal pain, weight loss, and fever; diagnosis involves imaging, ascitic fluid analysis, and biopsy; treatment is usually antibiotic therapy but surgery may be needed for complications like obstruction or perforation.
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all about small intestine, anatomy, physiology, intestinal obstruction, crohns disease/ileostomy/viscous organ perforation, meckels diverticulum, mysenteric ischemia, short bowel syndrome, celiac disease
Disorder of peritonum
1. The peritoneum is a thin serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs. It is divided into the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall and visceral peritoneum covering the organs.
2. Disorders of the peritoneum include ascites, peritoneal infections like intraperitoneal abscesses, and peritonitis. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity usually due to liver disease. Peritonitis is inflammation of the peritoneum which can be primary/bacterial, secondary/surgical, or tuberculous.
3. Primary peritonitis refers specifically to bacterial infection of previously sterile ascitic fluid without an
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Please find the power point on Hemorrhoids. I tried present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references.
Acute abdomen
The document discusses the radiological approach to evaluating acute abdominal pain. It outlines various imaging techniques including plain X-rays, ultrasound, and CT scans. CT is superior for confirming diagnoses, detecting complications like free air or fluid collections. Common causes of abdominal pain by quadrant are described. Key findings on imaging for conditions like bowel obstruction, ileus, pancreatitis and cholecystitis are provided.
Diseases of esophagus stomach,duodenum
This document summarizes diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. It describes the structure and functions of the esophagus, including that it connects the throat to the stomach and contains two sphincters. Diseases that can affect the esophagus include inflammation, cancer, Barrett's esophagus, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The document also briefly outlines common diseases of the stomach and duodenum, such as ulcers and gastritis.
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Ext auditory canal atresia dermoid perforated appendix
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Similar to Common terms of the digestive system chapter8
Presentation #8
The document discusses several medical topics:
1) Hematochezia refers to the passage of blood in stool, which can originate from the colon, rectum, or anus. Bright red blood indicates bleeding close to the anus, while maroon or black blood comes from higher up in the gastrointestinal tract.
2) A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible tube to view the inside of the colon. It may be performed to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, or abnormal scans.
3) Cachexia is the irreversible loss of body mass despite increased calorie intake. It often indicates an underlying condition like cancer and causes muscle wasting and fatigue.
Presentation #8
The document discusses several medical topics:
1) Hematochezia refers to the passage of blood in stool, which can originate from the colon, rectum, or anus. Bright red blood indicates bleeding close to the anus, while maroon or black blood comes from higher up in the gastrointestinal tract.
2) A colonoscopy is a procedure that uses a flexible tube to view the inside of the colon. It may be performed to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, or abnormal scans.
3) Cachexia is the irreversible loss of body mass despite increased calorie intake. It often indicates an underlying condition like cancer and causes muscle wasting and fatigue.
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The document discusses key terms related to the digestive system. It defines colonoscopy as an endoscopic procedure done with a flexible scope inserted through the anus to examine the colon. Hematochezia is described as the passing of bright red blood in stool, which can indicate issues like colon cancer. Serum bilirubin is defined as a blood test that measures bilirubin levels, with high levels signifying potential liver disease. Hernioplasty is the surgical repair of a hernia, which is a weakness in the abdominal wall.
Presentation8
This document defines and explains several key terms related to the digestive system:
Lavage involves using a tube to wash out the stomach, usually after ingesting poison or overdosing. Cachexia is the loss of weight and muscle mass during a chronic illness. Hematochezia is the passage of fresh blood from the anus, often with stool from lower GI bleeding. Hernioplasty surgically repairs a hernia in the abdomen, groin, or other areas where a rupture occurs.
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Hematochezia is defined as passing bright red blood in stool, usually caused by diverticulitis, hemorrhoids, or rectal tearing. A colonoscopy involves inserting a flexible colonoscope through the anus and colon to examine the upper portion of the colon. The test is often done when blood is found in stool or there are changes in bowel habits. Cachexia is a wasting syndrome caused by disease that results in physical wasting, loss of weight and muscle mass, causing weakness. Patients with advanced cancer, AIDS, or other chronic diseases may appear cachectic.
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Hematochezia is defined as passing bright red blood in stool, usually caused by diverticulitis, hemorrhoids, or rectal tearing. A colonoscopy involves inserting a flexible colonoscope through the anus to examine the colon, and is often performed when blood is found in stool or bowel irregularities are detected. Cachexia is a wasting syndrome caused by disease that results in physical wasting, weight loss, and loss of muscle mass, and can affect patients with advanced cancer or AIDS.
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A bilirubin blood test measures the level of bilirubin waste in the blood, high levels indicating potential liver disease. Bilirubin is a yellowish byproduct of heme catabolism normally excreted in urine and bile, with accumulation causing jaundice.
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A colonoscopy is a procedure where a gastroenterologist examines the inner lining of the large intestine and rectum using a thin flexible tube with a camera. It allows doctors to visually check for abnormalities like polyps and take tissue samples. Patients must undergo bowel preparation beforehand by following a clear liquid diet and taking laxatives. The procedure is mostly painless and performed as an outpatient procedure under sedation. Colonoscopies are recommended for people over 50 to screen for colorectal cancer.
Mesenteric and omental cyst.pptx
This document discusses mesenteric and omental cysts, which are rare fluid-filled structures caused by blockages in lymphatic drainage. They can occur in the mesentery, which connects the intestines to the body, or the omentum, folds of fatty tissue around the intestines. Symptoms include abdominal pain or distention. Ultrasound and CT scans are used to identify the cysts. Surgical removal is often needed if they cause obstruction or other issues. Enucleation or excision with possible intestinal resection are the main treatment options. Prognosis is generally favorable after surgery.
Mesenteric and omental cyst.pptx
This document discusses mesenteric and omental cysts, which are rare fluid-filled structures caused by blockages in lymphatic drainage. They can occur in the mesentery, which connects the intestines to the body, or the omentum, folds of fatty tissue around the intestines. Symptoms include abdominal pain or distention. Ultrasound and CT scans are used to identify the cysts. Surgical removal is often needed if they cause obstruction or other issues. Enucleation or excision with possible intestinal resection are the main treatment options. Prognosis is generally favorable after surgery.
Chapter 8
Cachexia is defined as loss of weight and wasting during chronic disease. It causes weakness and loss of weight, fat, and muscle without intentional dieting. It is commonly seen in cancer, AIDS, tuberculosis, and heart failure patients. A colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible scope is passed through the anus and colon to examine the upper colon. It is used to diagnose colon cancer and inflammatory diseases by removing polyps. Hematochezia is the passing of bright red blood in stool, which is usually caused by hemorrhoids but can also indicate colorectal cancer. Hernioplasty is the surgical repair of a hernia, which can be done through open or laparoscopic techniques with or without mesh
Chapter 8
Lavage is a medical procedure that involves cleaning or washing out a body organ. There are several types of lavage including gastric, bronchoalveolar, bowel, and ear lavage. Anastomosis is a surgical connection of two organs or vessels commonly performed in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and urinary tract. Cachexia, also known as wasting syndrome, is a loss of body mass due to disease that is difficult to restore even with adequate caloric intake and is common in patients with cancer, AIDS, COPD, CHF, and TB. Dental extraction, also known as exodontia, is the removal of teeth commonly performed for overcrowding, impaction, decay, gum disease, or
Pathology Of The Digestive System
The document discusses several conditions related to the digestive system:
1) Diverticulosis is a condition where pouches called diverticula bulge out from weak spots in the colon wall, usually occurring where the colon joins the rectum. It becomes diverticulitis if the pouches become infected or rupture.
2) A hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. This can cause acid reflux symptoms.
3) Peptic ulcers develop as sores or holes in the lining of the stomach, esophagus, or duodenum due to acidic digestive juices. Major causes are H. pylori bacteria infection and long
Acute abdomen
The document discusses the acute abdomen and various imaging modalities used to evaluate it. It covers:
1) The causes of acute abdomen including perforation, obstruction, inflammation and others.
2) The imaging modalities used including plain films, ultrasound, CT and their roles in evaluating specific causes.
3) How different conditions present on imaging including bowel obstruction, perforation, appendicitis and others.
Presentation 8
Colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the anus and advanced through the colon to examine the inside of the colon. Colonoscopy is often done to investigate blood in the stool, abdominal pain, diarrhea, changes in bowel habits, or abnormalities found on other scans. Patients need to do a bowel preparation involving drinking a cleansing solution or being on a clear liquid diet and laxatives for several days before the procedure. Anastomosis is the connection of tubular structures like blood vessels or loops of intestine. It can refer to natural connections or surgical reattachments of resected intestinal segments.
Chapter 8 Ppt (Mhf)
A colonoscopy is a procedure where a flexible scope is inserted through the anus to view the colon and remove polyps. It allows for early detection of colon cancer and other abnormalities. A fecal occult blood test checks stool for hidden blood and is used along with colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening. Other tests like a barium enema x-ray the colon to identify inflammation, structural abnormalities, or issues that could cause blood in stool.
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Common terms of the digestive system chapter8
- 1. Common Terms of the Digestive System By Marcel Marsh
- 2. The Following Terms will be reviewed Colonoscopy Hematochezia Hernioplasty Lavage
- 3. Hematochezia Is the passing of bright red blood in the stool
- 4. Hematochezia The cause is of hematochezia is usually due to blood in the rectum or stool, cause by: Cancer Hemorrhoids Diverticulitis Infection of the intestines Ulcerative colitis Hematochezia should be treated according to the underlying condition
- 5. Colonoscopy Colonoscopy is the examination of the Large bowel and distal small bowel by a flexible fiberscope called a colonoscope. Polyps and small growths can be removed during this procedure
- 6. Colonoscopy A colonoscopy is used to diagnose cancer of the colon The picture to the right shows the different stages of growth of polyps in the tract of the colon.
- 7. Hernioplasty Surgical repair of a Hernia
- 8. Hernioplasty Hernioplasty is recommended for inguinal Hernia’s. An common condition in which the small intestine or intra-abdominal fat protrudes through the lower abdominal muscles
- 9. Lavage Gastric Lavage, also commonly called stomach pumping or gastric irrigation is the process of cleaning out the contents of the stomach
- 10. Lavage Gastric lavage involves the passage of a tube via the mouth or nose down into the stomach The indication for Lavage is for when a patient has ingested some dangerous substances
- 11. The End