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Abdominal mass shalini govil
This document provides a detailed overview of the imaging appearances of various abdominal masses and pathologies. It describes the key imaging features of over 80 different conditions, including the appearance on ultrasound, CT, and MRI. For each entry it highlights characteristics such as enhancement pattern, presence of fat or fluid, effects on surrounding structures, and distinguishing imaging signs. The level of detail provided aims to help radiologists accurately identify different abdominal masses and diseases based on imaging findings.
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Abdominal mass shalini govil
- 1. The A toZ of Abdominal masses: specific appearances Dr. Shalini Govil Radiology Department CMC, Vellore The A to Z of Abdominal masses: specific appearances Dr. Shalini Govil Radiology Department CMC, Vellore
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- 3. Adrenal myelolipoma Fat onUS / CT & Soft tissue (myeloid)
- 4. Bilateral multi-nodular lowdensity adrenal masses DD: granuloma / metastases
- 5. Adult polycystic kidneydisease B/L enlarged kidneys Numerous cysts No normal parenchyma SOL effect on calyces Broadening of infundibuli
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- 7. Appendicular abscess >6 mmdiam = appendicitis RIF collection +/- appendix Collection should lead to caecal pole >6 mm diam = appendicitis RIF collection +/- appendix Collection should lead to caecal pole
- 8. Appendicular cystadenocarcinoma Widened lowdensity lumen in RIF Leads to caecal pole Bracket ca+ +/- pseudomyxoma
- 9. Bezoar Soft tissue densityand mottled air Negative cast of lumen
- 10. Bile duct stones Radioopaque Radio lucent
- 11. Bladder leiomyoma Obtuse anglewith lumen Homogeneous Solid Muscle density Smooth Oval
- 12. Choledochal cyst Fusiform biliarydilatation Normal calibre peripheral ducts Intrahepatic stones on US / MR Abnormal PBJ
- 13. Crohn’s disease Gradation ofseverity – skip lesions Asymmetry – anti-mesenteric sacculations Mesenteric longitudinal ulcers “Creeping fat” – “Comb” sign Inter loop fistulae
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- 16. “cottage loaf appearance”- Liver herniation through a rent in the diaphragm.
- 17. Cushing’s syndrome Bilateral diffuseadrenal enlargement Increased RP and IP fat Multiple rib fractures Exuberant callus
- 18. Diverticulosis Blind pouches containingdebris No mucosal folds Mushroom configuration
- 19. Diverticular abscess “Saw tooth”sigmoid colon - LIF Air and contrast within collection Intramural tracking of contrast
- 20. Duodenal carcinoid Enhancing Vascular Intramural /luminal Enhancing duodenal / pancreatic mass: remember neuroendocrine!
- 21. (Para) duodenal hernia Enhancing Vascular Intramural/ luminal Enhancing duodenal / pancreatic mass: remember neuroendocrine!
- 22. Duplication cyst Gut signature Enhancingmucosal folds Blind
- 23. DUPLEX KIDNEY 2 URETERS 2MOIETIES
- 24. Gangrene bowel Air inmucosal folds Dependent air Circumferential air Air in mesenteric veins / portal vein Check splanchnic arteries and veins!
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- 26. GB carcinoma GB fossamass If confined to lumen – mucosa will not be discernible. Sludge ball: no enhancement; may have moved since US; turn patient; mucosa seen
- 27. Gallbladder carcinoma Enhancing GBWall thickeningExtension into liver Enhancing GB wall nodular thickening Ascites
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- 29. GIST / Leiomyosarcoma Enhancing Vascular Intramural/ luminal Exophytic component Enhancing Vascular Intramural / luminal Exophytic component
- 30. GIST - stomach Enhancing Vascular Intramural/ luminal Exophytic component
- 31. GIST – cystictype Mesenteric cysts: Duplication Cystic tumours BCT Omphalo-mesenteric Lymphatic
- 32. Haemangioma – paravertebral Soft tissue density Phleboliths Mild enhancement Well defined Bright on T2 MRI
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- 40. Hydatid cyst liver biliarycommunication
- 41. Amoebic abscess Pyogenicabscess Hepatic Abscesses
- 42. Hiatus hernia Widens oesophagealhiatus GE junction sited above ligamentum venosum Gastric rugae seen above hiatus Widens oesophageal hiatus GE junction sited above ligamentum venosum Gastric rugae seen above hiatus
- 43. Intussusception Crescent of mesentericfat Lead point 75% adults Coiled spring Target / Bull’s eye Hayfork / trident
- 44.
- 45. Jejunal thickening Perforation Collection Air fluidlevel >3 mm DD: Lymphoma / TB / Crohn’s/ Carcinoma / ischemia / necrotising infection
- 46. Krukenberg lesions Bilateral Solid, fairlyhomogeneous Oval Well-defined Soft tissue density
- 47. Leiomyoma - oesophagus Obtuseangle with lumen Homogeneous Solid Muscle density Smooth
- 48. Leiomyoma - ileum Obtuseangle with lumen Homogeneous Solid Muscle density Smooth Oval
- 49. Lintus plastica Rigid smallcapacity stomach Thick wall Intact mucosa Primary / secondary Omental cake & ascites can be seen in both
- 50. Liposarcoma Fat and softtissue density nodules Insinuating Encases and separates vessels SOL effect on adjacent organs Mg always a possibility
- 51. Lymphoma Splenomegaly & spleniclesions Homogeneous solid nodes DD: TB
- 52.
- 53. Mesenteric lymphoma SANDWICH SIGN…seen in – – vessels and fat sandwiched by adenopathy
- 54. Mesenteric carcinoidMesenteric carcinoid •Desmoplasticprocess or tethering process •DD: radiation fibrosis, adhesions Mesenteric carcinoidMesenteric carcinoid •Desmoplastic process or tethering process •DD: radiation fibrosis, adhesions
- 55. Anterior sacral meningocoele sacraldefect mass
- 56. Neuroblastoma Midline and paravertberal solid Encases major vessels Ca+ Extends into spinal canal Displaces bowel anteriorly, kidneys laterally Midline and para vertberal solid Encases major vessels Ca+ Extends into spinal canal Displaces bowel anteriorly, kidneys laterally
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- 59. Serous cystadenoma Serouscystadenocarcinoma OVARIAN TUMOURS
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- 62. PANCREATITIS - ACUTENECROTISING Low density areas lacking enhancement Extra-pancreatic fat necrosis – mottled / bubbly soft tissue Vessels seen “skeletonized” Thickening of Gerota’s and lateroconal fascia
- 63. Pancreatic abscess Air withinnecrosis / collection Remember fistula – check contiguous bowel Fever, raised WBC count, toxic
- 64.
- 65. Pancreatic carcinoma Soft tissuedensity Infiltrates & encases RP structures Loss of peri vascular fat sleeve Disruption of ca+
- 66. Pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma Solid, enhancingwith central irregular low density Thick irregular septae Well defined May be exophytic Extends up to splenic vessels DD: Gastric stromal tumour
- 67.
- 68. Portal and splenicvein thrombosis
- 69. Pelvic lipomatosis Excess fataround the rectum, bladder, ureters Mass effect on rectal lumen, uterus / bladder
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- 81. RETROPERITONEAL FIBROSIS Mantle /plaques of peri-aortic soft tissue density Elevated duodenum Encases aorta and origins Compresses IVC Collaterals Medial ureteric deviation
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- 89. TCC BLADDER WITHINVOLVEMENT OF RIGHT DISTAL URETER
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- 91. Uterine: CERVICAL CARCINOMA VaginalextensionVaginal extension Myometrial extension
- 92. Uterine: ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMAUterine:ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA
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- 94. Vascular: aortic aneurysm *Contrast= aorta *Unopacified = thrombus *Perianeurysmal fibrosis *Subacute leak – soft tissue density *Contrast = aorta *Unopacified = thrombus *Perianeurysmal fibrosis *Subacute leak – soft tissue density
- 95. Vascular: Pseudo aneurysmof Splenic artery contrast filled aneurysm lumen contrast filled aneurysm lumen thrombus
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- 98. Vascular: SMA SYNDROME Beakingof 3rd part of duodenum between SMA and aorta Dilated duodenum and stomach Debris in stomach Normal duodenal wall No RP pathology
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