1. Ancient Filipino literature included poetry, riddles, proverbs, chants, and epics that were typically oral traditions focused on religious, political, and cultural themes. 2. Examples of ancient Filipino poetry forms included dalawang balon, sang dalagang marikit, and riddles called bugtong that aimed to educate, entertain, and pass down cultural knowledge. 3. Proverbs called salawikain and sawikain imparted lessons for young people in short, witty sayings about behaviors and values. 4. Chants called bulong were sometimes used in witchcraft or enchantments. 5. Epics were extended narratives that told of

1. PRE COLONIAL OR PRE
HISTORIC PERIOD
PRE- SPANISH PERIOD

2. • The literature of a formative past by the various groups of
people who inhabited the archipelago
• A literature of varying human interest.
• Close to the religious and political organizations of the
Ancient Filipinos.
• The verses were addressed to the ears rather than the eyes.

3. EXAMPLES OF ANCIENT FILIPINO POETRY
Dalawang Balon
Hindi Malingon
Sa araw ay Bunbong
Sa gabi ay dahon

4. EXAMPLES OF ANCIENT FILIPINO POETRY
Sang dalagang marikit
Nakaupo sa tinik
Kung bayaa’y nabubuhay
Kung himasi’y namamatay

5. RIDDLE (BUGTONG)
• Made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes and
may consist of 4 to 12 syllables.
• Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen
observation of the surroundings.
• Involves reference to one or two images that symbolize
the characteristics of an unknown object that is to be
guessed.

6. PURPOSE OF BUGTONG
• To entertain. Living in remote areas, before the advent of electricity,
families would sit around the fire and the elders would quiz the younger
generation with riddles.
• To educate. Riddles serve the function of passing down knowledge from
one generation to the next. They require thinking in order to solve them.
• To excite. Many old Filipino riddles were intended to amuse the men and
shock the women.
• To curse, without expressing cursing. A riddle could be made up against an
enemy, rival town, or suitor.
• To preserve the culture. Riddles communicate the old ways from one
generation to the next.

7. EXAMPLE
• Ate mo, ate ko, Ate ng lahat ng tao. (My
sister your sister, everyone’s sister)
• Atis (Sugar Apple)

8. SALAWIKAIN & SAWIKAIN
• Epigrams/ Maxims/ Proverbs
• Short poems that have been customarily been used and served as
laws or rules on good behavior by our ancestors.
• Allegories or parables that impart lessons for the young
• Often expressing a single idea, that is usually satirical and had a
witty ending,

9. EX. OF SALAWIKAIN
• Ang matapat na kaibigan,
Tunay na maasahan
• Lumalakad ang kalabasa,
Naiiwan ang bunga

10. EX. OF SALAWIKAIN
• Ang lubid nalalagot,
Kung saang dako marupok
• Aanhin pa ang damo,
Kung patay na ang kabayo
• Ang sumisira sa bakal,
Ay kanya ring kalawang

11. EX. OF SAWIKAIN
• Kung ano ang ginagawa ng matanda,
Ay siyang gagawin din ng bata
• Nasa Diyos ang awa,
Nasa tao ang gawa
• Pagkahaba-haba man ng prusisyon,
Sa simbahan din ang tuloy.

12. EX. OF SAWIKAIN
• Malakas ang loob,
Mahina ang tuhod.
• Tulak ng bibig,
Kabig ng dibdib.
• Kumukulo ang dugo
• Isulat sa tubig

13. BULONG (CHANTS)
• Used in witchcraft or enchantments

14. BULONG (CHANTS)
• Used in witchcraft or enchantments
Examples:
Ikaw ang nagnakaw ng bigas ko.
Lumuwa sana ang mga mata mo,
Mamaga sana ang katawan mo.
Patayin ka ng anito.

15. BULONG (CHANTS)
Examples:
• Dagang Malaki, dagang maliit,
Heto ang ngipin kong sira at pangit
Bigyan mo ng bagong kapalit.

16. BULONG (CHANTS)
Examples:
• Tabi, tabi po nuno.
Huwag pong magagalit,
Aming pinuputol lamang,
Ang sa ami’y napag-utusan.

17. EPICS
• This is an extended narrative about heroic exploits often
under supernatural control.
• A. Biag ni Lam-Ang- Ilokano
• B. Hudhud at Alim- Ifugao
• C. Ibalon at Asnon- Bicol
• D. Kumintang- Tagalog

18. EPICS
• E. Maragtas, Haraya at Lagda- Bisaya
• F. Hari ng Bukid- Negros
• G. Bantugan- Muslim
• H. Bidasari- Malay Muslim
• I. Indarapatra at Sulayman
• J. Hinlawod- Panay
• K. Tuwaang- Bagobo