The document discusses key concepts and characteristics of postmodernism including: - Fragmented and shifting identities defined by consumption rather than background. - Borrowing of images and elements from different cultures through increased globalization and media. - Simulacra and hyperreality where the representation or simulation of reality becomes indistinguishable from reality itself. - Intertextuality and pastiche where new works reference and combine elements from other works and genres.

1. The social, political and cultural attitudes and images of the late 2Oth / early 21st century Post -Modernism!!!

2. Postmodernism and Identity Living in a global village - we borrow from other cultures - food/music/clothes Domination of the flow of media images Break up of ‘traditional agencies’ - family, religion Class/gender roles - Noveaux riche

3. Post Modernism in Action Analysis becomes aware that the context of the text and the reader create meaning Literature- pessimistic narratives Art – self reflexivity Music – Generic Hybridisation Visual Culture – the visual becomes more important Architecture

4. Post Modernism and Identity Fragmented identities - Madonna - links with individualisation? Theory - we are made up of several shifting and fragmented identities Identity is define by our lifestyle and what we consume rather than what we produce or by our background.

5. Pastiche & Irony Cultural production starts to speak a new language Architecture Art Music Film

6. Parody and Pastiche Parody aims to mock an original in a critical way. Pastiche is merely a stylistic mask.

7. Baudrillard and Simulacra Explains the way in which simulations or copies that are replacing the real artefacts so that increasingly reality becomes redundant We can longer distinguish between the real and the representation of the real Irish/Australian pubs. Jerry Springer. American Coffee shops.

8. Baudrillard and Simulacra In Postmodernity there is no coding texts reflect other texts rather than anything real the world becomes simulated with no attachment to anything natural (eg: apples not tasting like apple drinks) The Gulf War didn't occur?

9. Bricolage and Intertextuality The way signs or artefacts are borrowed from different styles or genres to create something new. Pulp Fiction clip - Can you identify the post modern elements?

10. Baudrillard: Hyper-reality The media dominate our perception of the outside world - representing a world that is more real than that which we can experience. Media = hyper-reality Reality encountered in the world is a pale shadow of this. Your mind loses the ability to distinguish reality from fantasy, and begins to engage with the latter without understanding what it is doing. Fulfillment or happiness is found through simulation and imitation of a transient simulacrum of reality, rather than any interaction with any "real" reality.

11. Post Modernism: Key Points or how to spot a Postmodern text! Intertextuality Self –reflexivity Generic Hybridisation Kitsch Irony Mix of Low and High Art Nostalgia (for the past) Mass produced is now art! Simulation Hyperreality Semiotics (signification confused)

12. Semiotics and Culture We can apply these structural approaches to culture… Fashion Subcultures Music Advertising Film

13. Marxism key to the Semiotic climate of structuralism sought to understand human culture as a science Attempt to solve the flaws in society attempt to understand societal structures (class) solve the problems of exploitation

14. Your Task! – Spotting postmodernism Choose one of the music videos in your class and watch in your group. Is it postmodern? What postmodern traits does it show? Present your finding to the rest of the group in a short presentation.

15. Music Videos to Choose From Pulp – Babies or Bad Cover Version The Chemical Brothers – Let Forever Be Basement Jaxx – Romeo Kylie – Come into my World Muse – Time is Running out Weezer – Buddy Holly Bowling for Soup – Punk Rock 101

16. Literature Common nature of Narrative (Narratology) Grammatical systems Death of the Author (Barthes) readers become a key creator in the text Readily and Writerly texts