Poor sanitation is a major environmental and public health problem, especially in developing nations. In rural areas, lack of education about sanitation leads to practices that pollute the environment and spread diseases. Over 600 million urban dwellers worldwide lack basic sanitation services. Poor sanitation has been linked to many diseases and causes malnutrition in children. Sanitation aims to stop disease transmission through proper disposal of human waste and clean drinking water. However, factors like rapid urbanization, poverty, inadequate water and planning, and poor governance have led to poor sanitation conditions in many urban areas.

1. Poor Sanitation
By: Jose Gabriel A. Torio
M.P.A. 213

2. Environmental problem
faced by Rural/Urban
people:
Poor sanitation:
 Because of the illiteracy and poverty of the
people in rural area, they do not know the
importance of sanitation and hygiene. Such
an ignorance causes environmental
pollution leading to the break out of a
number of epidemics like cholera, typhoid
etc.

3.  Poor sanitation is one of the
most accurate indicators of
urban poverty and health
problems. According to the
World Health Organization
(WHO), over 600 million
urbanites live in low quality
shelters or other areas plagued
by overcrowding and inadequate
provision of sanitation services,
including potable water and safe
waste disposal.

4. POOR SANITATION
 Sanitation refers to public health conditions related
to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and
disposal of human
excreta and sewage. Preventing human contact
with feces is part of sanitation, as is hand washing with
soap.

5.  For example, diarrhea, a main
cause of malnutrition and
stunted growth in children,
can be reduced through
sanitation. There are many
other diseases which are easily
transmitted in communities
that have low levels of
sanitation, such as ascariasis (
a type of intestinal worm
infection or helminthiasis),
cholera, hepatitis, polio,
schistosomiasis, trachoma,
etc.

6.  The sanitation system:
collection, transport, treatment,
disposal or reuse.
 Sanitation refers to public
health conditions related to
clean drinking water and
adequate treatment and disposal
of human excreta and sewage. Preventing human
contact with feces is part of sanitation, as is hand
washing with soap. Sanitation system aim to
protect human health by providing a clean
environment that will stop the transmission of
disease, especially through the fecal-oral route.

7.  Sanitation system aim to protect human health by
providing a clean environment that will stop
the transmission of disease, especially through
the fecal-oral route.

8. FACTORS THAT CAUSES POOR SANITATION
In Urban Areas (kenya)
1.URBANIZATION
Most people in the world live
in the urban areas. This has caused
the burgeoning of new kinds of
slums, the growth of squatter and
informal housing all around the
rapidly expanding cities of the
developing world as people
continue to migrate from rural
areas to urban areas. (Luubale &
Musyoki, 2011)

9. 2) Poverty
According to UNDESA
(2008) poverty in East Africa
remains one of the greatest
challenges facing the people
and their governments. Urban
population in Nairobi poor
and are living in
deplorable informal
settlements that
are characteri2ed with
extreme deprivation of basic
human needs especially
service provision

10. 3) INADEQUATE WATER PROVISION
- Lack of sufficient water supply has lead
to unofficial ways of accessing water services.
This has in turn lead to access of unhygienic
water for the people which exposes them to
water borne diseases such as cholera

11. 4.) INADEQUATE PLANNING
As population increase more
pressure is put on the capacity
of urban cities to provide
services to residents. High
costs of housing ,transport
,health care, and sanitation
has lead to growth of slums
and informal settlements.
Thus leading to acute
drainage and sanitation
problems. The poor drainage
and sanitation system has
contributed to the emergence
of breeding sites for
mosquitoes and flies.

12. 5) Poor Governance
- Local government should have a key role in all
aspects of urban development but in most developing
countries, they are still weak. Strengthening the democratic
self governance at this level is very crucial. The slow
decentrali2ation of responsibility and authority need to be
hastened up through the support of developing fiscal reforms
and coming up with other means of increasing financial
resources.

13. Poor Sanitation Pictures
Photo credit to

14. References:
 https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=sanitation&tbm=isch&tbs=rimg:CVlCkE
8B5a_1-IjgEMPt3_1-TNbQpv5qG0Aiu3YQwu_1inKnI_170X1jE6plSuoBIhs-
H5nHK1iL8iIn7hNNSk-q_1XZtRCoSCQQw-
3f_15M1tEUZVXHLlxgOfKhIJCm_1mobQCK7cRGweXsNMnq4MqEgl
 http://www.waterpathogens.org/book/introduction
 http://www.academia.edu/29996949/CAUSES_OF_POOR_SANITATIONS_IN
_URBAN_AREAS.docx
 http://www.environmentalpollution.in/paragraphs/environmental-problems-
faced-by-rural-areas/224
 https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/how-can-the-private-sector-play-a-
bigger-role-to-tackle-the-challenges-of-global-sanitation-and-hygiene/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitation