India is the world's largest producer of pomegranates. The total production in India is around 28.65 lakh tonnes annually, with Maharashtra contributing the most at 70.2%. Other major producing states are Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh. Popular varieties include Ganesh, Bhagwa, Mrudula, and Arakta. India exports pomegranates worth around Rs. 4,832 crores annually, with the UAE, Bangladesh, and Netherlands being the top export destinations. The per capita consumption of pomegranates in India is around 6.98kg per year.

1. POMEGRANATE

2. TOPIC TEAM
1 Pomegranate Varieties in India, Total Production in value
and volume and Share of several states in the total
production of India
Vishal
Sai Kalyan
Nikhil
Prashanth
2 Prices of each variety, Total Demand for Pomegranates in
the country and Per Capita Consumption
Sushant
Shanmukha
Pavan
Rohit
3 India's Pomegranate Export Volume/Value, Major Export
Destinations and Total world's demand in value and
volume.
Ashwin
Mohit
Sai Kumar
Gowtham
4 India's share in total world trade, Competing Countries,
Advantage for India and Constraints for India
Girish
Ram
Naresh
Sumit

3. By
Group 1
(Vishal, Prashanth, Nikhil and Sai Kalyan)
Pomegranate Varieties In India
Total Production In Value And Volume and
Share Of Several States In The Total Production Of India

4. 1. General Information
• Order : Myrtales.
• Family : Punicaceae.
• Scientific name : Punica granatum L.
• Chromosome Number : 2n = 2x = 16,18.
• Synonyms : 1. Punica florida Salisb.
2. Punica grandiflora hort. ex Steud.
3.Punica nana L.
4. Punica spinosa Lam.
• Sub tropical fruit
• Fruit type : Blausta.
• Edible portion : Aril.
• Non climacteric fruit.
• Low maintenance cost.

6. 2. Area and Distribution
• Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the commercially
important fruit crops of India. It is native to Iran (Persia).
• India ranks first with respect to pomegranate area and production in
the world(78%).
• Pomegranate is cultivated commercially only in Maharashtra(84%).
Small scale plantations are also seen in Gujarat, Rajasthan,
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu , Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and
Haryana.
• Maharashtra contribute about 84% of the total area followed by
Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
• India is exporting pomegranate to UAE, Netherlands, UK, Saudi
Arabia, Russia, Bangladesh, Egypt, Nepal and Oman.

10. Bonsai Development

12. 5. Varieties Cultivated
Important pomegranate varieties cultivated in India
are:
• Alandi or Vadki
• Dholka
• Kandhari
• Ganesh (GB I)
• Muskat
• Nabha
• G 137, P 23, P 26, Mridula, Aarakta, Jyoti, Ruby, IIHR
Selection, Yercaud 1 and Co 1.

13. Ganesh
• It is an improved variety known as GBG No. 1.
• Ganesh is a seedling selection by Dr. G.S.
Cheema at Pune.
• It is a selection from Alandi and considered be
the best variety.
• It is a high yielding variety and is a good cropper.
• The flesh is pinkish and has juice with agreeable
taste.
• The fruit is medium in size and has soft seeds.
• Weighs about 200-250 gms

14. Alandi
• Fruit medium in size, fleshy testa, blood red or
deep pink with sweet slightly acidic juice.
• Seeds are very hard.
• The variety is named after the name of the
village where it was grown extensively.

15. Dhokla
• Fruit large size, rind greenish white, fleshy testa,
pinkish white or whitish with sweet juice.
• Seeds soft.
• Juice is acidic.
• It is medium cropper.
• It is an important variety of Gujarat.

16. Kandhari
• It produces large fruit.
• The rind is deep red.
• The flesh is a dark red or deep pink.
• The juice is slightly acidic.
• The seeds are hard.
• The variety is successfully grown in Himachal
Pradesh.

17. Muskat
• This variety is also largely grown.
• Fruits small to medium in size.
• Rind is somewhat thick.
• Fleshy testa, with moderately sweet juice.
• The seeds are rosy in color.
• Fruits are tasty.

18. Nabha
• Tree is medium in growth, fruit skin yellowish
and smooth.
• Cracking medium.
• Juice is 65%.
• The arils are light pink in color.
• Seeds are medium soft.
• Taste is good.

19. Arakta (Mrudula)
• This variety looks like a cricket ball in shape with
red in colour
• Especially in these variety the seeds are very
bold
• These variety mainly used for salad purpose
• Weighs about 250-300gms
• it is mostly cultivated in telangana,AP and
Maharastra

20. Bhagwa
• These fruits are in medium in size
• Weighs about 200-275gms
• These fruits are in attractive state and the seeds
are small to medium
• Most demanded

21. • Other varieties:-
• Masquat, jawar seedless, jyothi, jodhpur red,
basis seedless, Dolka, Pepper shell, etc.

23. TOTAL PRODUCTION IN VALUE AND VOLUME OF
POMEGRANATE IN INDIA
India is the leading producer of pomegranate in the
world.
The best quality pomegranates hit markets during the
monsoon season.
The production of pomegranate in India is about 28.65
lakhs tonnes in 2018-2019.
The area in which pomegranate cultivation is done in
India is 2.5lakhs Ha.

24. SHARE OF SEVERAL STATES IN THE TOTAL
PRODUCTION OF INDIA
In india major pomegranate producing states are
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat, Andhra pradesh,
Madhya pradesh,Tamil nadu and Rajasthan.
 Maharashtra :
Maharashtra has emerged as the leader in
production of pomegranate in the country and
accounts for 70.2% of total production.
The productivity is 10.5t/ha.
The varieties being cultivted are ganesh, mridula,
G-137 and bhagwa.

25. ⮚ Karnataka :
It is the second largest producer of promegranate
and accounting for 11% of total production.
The productivity is 8.1MT/ha.
The recommended varieties of pomegranate in state
are ruby, jyoti and G-137.
⮚ Gujarat :
It is the third largest producer of pomegranate and
accounts for 10.6% of total production.
The productivity is 10.6MT/ha.
Recommendd varieties of pomegranate in this state
are ganesh, bhagwa, and dholka.

26. Ranking State Production Productivity
1 Maharastra 70.2% of total production in
india
10.5 mt/hac.
2 Karnataka 11%of total production in
india
8.1 mt/hac
3 Gujarath 10.6% of total production in
india
10.6mt/hac
4 Andhra Pradesh 6.7% of total production in
india
15mt/hac
5 Telangana and MP 3% of total production in
india
12mt/hac
States an their contribution

28. By
Group 2
(Pavan, Sushant, Shanmukha and Rohit)
Prices of Each Variety
Total Demand for Pomegranates in The Country and
Per Capita Consumption

29. Prices of Each Varieties

30. BHAGWA
1 QUINTAL = Rs 5000

31. GANESH
1 Quintal = Rs 4000

32. MRUDULA
1 Quintal = Rs 6000

33. AARKTA
1 Quintal = Rs 3000

34. LOCAL
1 Quintal = Rs 3000 - 10500

35. Demand for Pomegranate

36. • Demand for
pomegranate is
increasing at the rate of
20 to 25%.
• Pomegranate can be
produced throughout
the year.(Only India
does that).

37. Deep red coloured pomegranate is in high demand
& fetches high price in the market

38. PERCAPITA CONSUMPTION OF
POMEGRANATE
• Yearly production of pomegranate by each
individual divided by the quantity of
pomegranate consumed by total population.
• 6.98 kg / year

39. By
Group 3
(Ashwin, Mohit, Sai kumar and Gauwtham)
India's Pomegranate Export Volume or Value
Major Export Destinations and
Total world’s Demand in Value and Volume.

40. India’s Export to World Trade
Sr
No
Country Quantity
1 U A E 15,897.72 MT
2 Bangladesh 13,886.47 MT
3 Netherland 6,427.65 MT
4 Saudi Arab 5,651.09 MT
5 Nepal 3,684.44 MT
6 Qatar 3,007.23 MT
7 Oman 2,557.24 MT
8 Thailand 1,922.51 MT
9 Sri Lanka 1,823.62 MT
10 U K 1,518.77 MT
20.2
9.35
8.22
5.36
4.37
0 2.8
2.65
2.21
Export
U A E
Bangladesh
Netherland
Saudi Arab
Nepal
Qatar
Oman
Thailand
Sri Lanka
U K
DGCIS 2019-20

41. Growth and Fall rate
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Philippines Bangladesh Switzerland Italy
Growh rate(%)
Growh rate(%)
-92.43
-81.4
-76.88
-68.28
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
U
S
A
Kenya
Korea
RP
Russia
falling rate(%)
falling rate(%)
DGCIS

42. In India, Maharashtra is the largest producer of
pomegranate with its share of 84% in total production
followed by Gujarat and Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh
and Madhya Pradesh

43. Export figures from the Agricultural and Processed Food
Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) show
that India exported fruits and vegetables worth Rs 9,182
crores which consisted of fruits worth Rs 4,832 crores
and during 2019-20.

44. Product Profile: Pomegranates

45. Consumer Demand
• Consumer preference - changing from time to time and from
country to country.
• Earlier, Ganesh variety with big sized fruits was the preferred
one, and the fruits were exported to the Gulf countries.
• Now, in Europe and other parts of the world, varieties such as
Bhagwa (Kesar), Mridula are the suitable and accepted ones.
• Soft seeded, coloured varieties with high per cent of juice with
easy to remove arils are preferred.
• Fruits weighing more than 500 gms with superior qualities -
immediate and ready acceptance in the international markets.

46. The Desirable Fruits of Fresh Pomegranate
character for Export
• Dark rose pink colour of the fruit.
• Fruit weight around 500 gms.
• Round shape of the fruit.
• Uniform size and shape of the fruit in a pack or box.
• Dark rose pink arils.
• Softness of the seeds.
• Higher sugars near about 16-170 Brix.
• Free from scars, russetting, disease spots, insect injury, scratches,
etc.
• Smooth cutting at the stem end.
• Bracts/calyx without any damage and having freshness.
• Pleasant flavour and aroma.

47. International Export Scenario
• The technical sessions during the International Symposium on
Pomegranate and Minor Mediterranean Fruits held at Adana, Turkey, from
October 16– 19, 2006 comprised of -
• Orchard Culture and Management – Countries of focus were Bangladesh,
Israel, Iran, Turkey and India.
• Genetic Conservation and Germplasm.
• Physiology.
• Breeding and Genetics.
• Nutrition and Health.
• Plant Protection.
• Post Harvest Technology.

48. For Export Market
Usually for packing pomegranates for export purposes, a
cardboard corrugated fibreboard box of 4.0 or 5.0 kg capacity is
used. The dimensions of such boxes depending upon the capacity
are:

50. Graded fruits are attracting and appealing to the
consumers which helpful for getting a higher price from
domestic as well as international markets
Pomegranate fruits are generally graded by their size
and weight. However, grading standards are varying
country to country.

51. ideal temperature for storage of fresh pomegranate fruit is 6°
to 7°C and 90 to 95% Relative Humidity. At this temperature,
Pomegranate fruits can store up to 3 months.
Pomegranate fruits are packed in wooden boxes, plastic crates
for domestic and local markets.

54. • Pomegranate production has different seasons in the year, the
production peak varies as per the season.
• Domestic Price of Pomegranate are more or less constant through
out the year.
• Production grows, export increases

56. India’s Top Export Destinations of Pomegranates

57. India - Unique varieties
The Indian pomegranate production is growing by 20 to 25%
every year. Demand is on the rise, both at domestic level
and in the export market. India is the only country able to
deliver pomegranates all year round thanks to its climate.
The best-known variety in India is the Bhagwa, a huge
sweet variety of really good quality.

58. Global consumption of Pomegranates is on rise….
The global pomegranate and pomegranate arils market was
valued at USD 8.2 billion in 2018 and is expected to reach
USD 23.14 Billion by year 2026, at a CAGR of 14.0 percent.

59. By
Group 4
(Ram, Girish, Naresh and Sumit)
India’s Share in Total World Trade
Competing Countries
Advantages for India and
Constraints for India

60. India’s Pomegranate Share In World Trade
• Pomegranate production is around 20.55 lakh
tonnes from an area of 3.00 lakh ha.
• At the global level, India is the world’s largest
producer of pomegranates (743.1 thousand
tonnes) followed by Iran (650 thousand tonnes),
Turkey (218 thousand tonnes), USA (100 thousand
tonnes) and; Afghanistan and Spain (60 thousand
tonnes each) during 2011-12.
• During 2011-2012, India exported 30.1 tonnes and
was third largest in global market share with
22.75%, behind Iran ( 43.35%) and Turkey had
(39.84%) .

61. Share In World Trade
Vision 2050 document NRCP 2015
India
16%
Iran
33%
Turkey
29%
Afghanistan
2%
USA
9%
Israel
2%
Spain
8%
Tunisia
1%
India Iran Turkey Afghanistan USA Israel Spain Tunisia

62. Competition For India
• TURKEY
• Turkey is an important and growing player in the pomegranate
market.
• The acreage is increasing annually in different regions. The
country's fruit is available from October to March.
• Well-known varieties grown in Turkey include the Hicaz, Wonderful
and Caner. The Hicaz is the most produced and most consumed in
Turkey.
Export 39.5% of
production

63. PERU
• For several years, there has been a significant increase in the
export and production of pomegranates in Peru.
• The rise trend will continue, as demand is still on the rise. The
main customers are Europe, the UK, Canada and Asian countries.
• Peru hopes to soon be allowed to export to the U.S., where it is
currently not allowed to sell its pomegranates due to
phytosanitary reasons.

64. Tunisia
• According to statistics, hundreds of hectares are being prepared
for the production of this exotic fruit.
• Tunisian pomegranates are known for their good quality, sweet
flavour and small seeds. The most extended variety is the Gabsi.
• Exports go to European countries, such as Germany and Italy, and
opportunities are also sought in the Middle East.
• Tunisian pomegranates area in the higher price segment.

65. Iran
• Iran aims to increase its exports in the Asia and Europe.
• Its production season starts in September.
• The country does not import; it has a huge production and it also
exports, although it is facing some problems in the export process
due to regular sanctions.
• Iran targeting Japan & South Korea

66. Competition for India In UAE
India still has a trade gap on
pomegranates to UAE, which is
filled up by other importing
countries

67. Thailand
• Unlike India’s year-long pomegranate season, Thailand produces
Pomegranate only from May to Dec.
• Thailand’s own domestic consumption of pomegranate is likely to
increase
• This gap can serve an opportunity for year-long pomegranate growers
in India

68. Vietnam
• Vietnam’s fruits have been facing several technical barriers from
importing countries. These strict requirements also include
irradiation of Vietnamese fruits before importing them.
• Vietnam is reported to spend $110 million on Chinese fruits
imports that contains pomegranates too.
Egypt
• Egyptian pomegranates are suffering quality issues (sunburn) due
to hot weather over previous times

69. Future Opportunities of India to grow
Pomegranate exports to Netherland
• Pomegranate is consumed as a high-end exotic fruit in
Netherlands, hence prices are high
• There is always shortage of large-sized pomegranates.
• Growth in Pomegranate consumption will rise by 20-40% per year

70. Major Challenges in Pomegranate
Peru
• Season has been difficult with too much supply in the European
market.
• The production volume is growing in general, so at some point
there is too much supply coming out at the same time.
• Peru is yet to recover from the reputational loss due to US’s strict
phytosanitary restrictions on its pomegranates. Reciprocating to
this, REACH has constrained Easter imports from Peru.

71. Spain
• Spain’s season sales fell in October & November Due to stiff
competition they face in the European markets from Israel, India,
Morocco and Turkey they are seeking new customers in Middle East &
Asia.
• Spain is having grade problems due to unfavorable weather (alternating
hot weather & rain) and has thus reported drop in the yields
• Valencia pomegranate season has been characterized by a reduction of
about 25% in production volumes per year because of delay in the
settling of flowers due to lack of rain during the Spring and Summer in
the eastern region. This has also affected the final landing price of
Spanish pomegranates in the Dutch Market

72. Advantages For India
• Largest producer of pomegranates in the world
• Finest varieties of pomegranate having soft seeds, very less acids and
very attractive colour of the fruits and grains
• Adoption of different “bahars”, India can supply pomegranates almost
throughout the year
• Maximum cultivation of pomegranate is in states of Maharashtra and
North Western Karnataka which are very close to the western port of
Mumbai for exporting to Gulf and European countries.
• Using this Health Benefit of Indian Pomegranate to enter new market.

73. • The coronavirus has brought some stability to the market. Market
conditions are expected to improve even further
• Current healthy food trends, boosted by the coronavirus crisis, will
certainly have an impact on the market
• The larger fruits are more expensive due to the low supply.
• Dubai Airport has developed an extensive cargo system to handle
perishable cargos in an area of 34,000 Sq.Mtr. with a capacity of 1.80
lakh tons per year.

74. Constraints For India
• Inadequate Infrastructure
• Scientific and technology gap
• Gender Empowerment
• Information exchange
• Phytosanitary training
• India is struggling with shortages(export 4.5% of production)
• Building up quality and branding its product
• Smaller supply of large sizes
• The weather has had a positive impact on both the production
volume and the coloring.

75. References
• https://www.farmingportal.co.za/index.php/agri-index/68-crops/3057-overview-
global-pomegranate-market-sept-2019
• https://www.cbi.eu/market-information/fresh-fruit-
vegetables/pomegranates/europe
• Vision-2050 document of ICAR-National Research Centre on Pomegranate
(NRCP), Solapur, July 2015
• Market Intelligence Report for Pomegranates, APEDA
• http://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in
• https://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in/Weekly_eReport
• https://www.freshplaza.com/article/9246580/overview-global-pomegranate-
market
• Report on Present status and potential of export in Horticulture sector vis-à-vis
domestic trade, APEDA, January 2020