History of plant tissue culture

1. Cell and Tissue
Culture

2. T.C.
Refers to technique of
growing plant
cells, tissues, organs, seeds
or other plant parts in a
sterile environment on a
nutrient medium In vitro

3. History
 Haberlandt Realized that asepsis was necessary when culture
media enriched with organic substances metabolized by
microorganisms
 In 1898 he cultured single cells on Knop’s salt solution
 In his cultures the cell were able to synthesize starch as well
as increase in size
 He failed in his goal to induce cell division

4. History
Despite of failures Haberlandt proposed that plant cells
are totipotent
Totipotency is ability of individual cells to express the
phenotype of whole plant from which it is derived
Haberlandt is regarded as father of plant tissue culture

5. History
Hanning(1904)
crucifers
Embryo culture of selected
Robbins (1922), Kotte In Vitro culture of root tips
Laibach (1925) Use of embryo culture technique
in inter-specific crosses of Linum

6. History
White (1934-37) Successful culture of tomato roots
importance of vitamins in growth media
Snow, Gautheret (1934-1939) Importance of auxin
as growth regulator
Gautheret, Nobecourt, White (1939) Successful
establishment of continuously growing cultures.

7. History
Van Overbeek (1941) Use of coconut milk
containing a cell division factor first time in Datura
Skoog and Tsui (1951), Miller et al (1955), In vitro
cell differentiation, discovery of Kinetin
Morel and Martin (1952) Application of micro
grafting to obtain virus free plants

8. History
Muir (1953) Isolation and culture of single cells
from plants
Skoog and Miller (1957) Discovery of principle of
hormonal control of the organ formation in tissue
culture

9. History
Reinert and Steward (1958-59) First report on
somatic embryogenesis
Jones et al (1960) Hanging drop method of cell
culture
Bergmann (1960) Bergmann cell culture
technique

10. History
E C Cocking (1960) Isolation of protoplasts by
enzymatic degradation method
Murashige and Skoog (1962) Development of
MS media
Guha and Maheshwawari (1964) Production of
First haploid plant by anther culture

11. History
Power et al (1970) Protoplast fusion
Takabe et al (1971)Rgeneration of first plant
from protoplast
Carlson et al (1972) First report on inter-specific
hybridization through protoplast fusion