Poisoning smoking 2012.
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Smoking is responsible for 5 million deaths worldwide each year, with half of all long-term smokers eventually dying from tobacco use. Tobacco use is influenced by neurochemical, environmental, and individual factors. Nicotine acts on the brain's reward system and cues in the environment like peer pressure and advertising can influence tobacco use. Genetics also play a role, as psychiatric disorders are associated with higher rates of tobacco dependence. Treatment involves both pharmacotherapy like nicotine replacement therapy and non-pharmacologic interventions like counseling, with the combination of treatments being most effective at helping smokers quit.
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Poisoning smoking 2012.
Smoking causes 5 million deaths worldwide each year, with half of long-term smokers eventually dying from tobacco use. Tobacco use is influenced by neurochemical, environmental, and individual factors. Nicotine acts on the brain's reward system and tobacco advertisements target youth. Genetics and psychiatric disorders increase risk. Treatment involves both pharmacotherapy like nicotine replacement and non-pharmacological interventions like counseling, with the combination proving most effective. Physicians have an important role in screening, advising patients to quit, and providing long-term support.
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Poisoning smoking 2012.
Smoking causes 5 million deaths worldwide each year, with half of long-term smokers eventually dying from tobacco use. Tobacco use is influenced by neurochemical, environmental, and individual factors. Nicotine acts on the brain's reward system and tobacco advertisements target youth. Genetics and psychiatric disorders increase risk. Treatment involves both pharmacotherapy like nicotine replacement and non-pharmacological interventions like counseling, with the combination proving most effective. Physicians have an important role in screening, advising patients to quit, and providing long-term support.
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word document: http://www.slideshare.net/SafeerAli7/drug-addiction-67095826
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This document discusses approaches to improving smoking cessation at the individual level. It first explains that smoking is an addiction and describes withdrawal symptoms experienced when trying to quit. The two main approaches to assisting cessation are pharmacotherapy and behavioral support. Pharmacotherapy such as nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline can help reduce urges to smoke and withdrawal symptoms. Behavioral support aims to boost motivation and develop skills to avoid smoking. The document argues that treating tobacco addiction and assisting with cessation should be part of medical treatment due to the health risks of smoking.
Dr. Obumneke Amadi-Onuoha -Transcript 35
The document discusses the classification and mechanisms of action of various recreational drugs commonly used on US campuses including alcohol, nicotine, caffeine, and THC. It notes that alcohol acts as a CNS depressant by stimulating GABA and altering serotonin and dopamine. Nicotine and caffeine act as CNS stimulants in different doses by affecting neurotransmitters like norepinephrine. THC acts as a hallucinogen through partial agonist activity at cannabinoid receptors in the brain. Around 55% of college students report alcohol use. Government agencies like NIAAA monitor substance use amongst college students. Long term use and abuse can lead to health issues like cancer, strokes, and addiction.
Improving smoking cessation approaches at the individual level
This document discusses approaches to improving smoking cessation at the individual level. It notes that most smokers are addicted to nicotine and experience withdrawal symptoms when trying to quit. The two main approaches to assisting cessation are pharmacotherapy and behavioral support. Pharmacotherapy such as nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline can help reduce withdrawal symptoms and urges to smoke. Behavioral support through programs and counseling can boost motivation and help people avoid smoking cues. The document argues that treating tobacco addiction and assisting with cessation should be part of medical treatment due to the health risks of smoking.
Medical solutions
Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences. Effective treatment employs both medication and behavioral therapies tailored to the individual, with the goal of stopping drug use and supporting long-term recovery. Treatment approaches may include detoxification, individual/group counseling, therapeutic communities, and medications to ease withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse. Treatment is most successful when it addresses all aspects of an individual's life and continues over an extended period of time.
Smoking Cessation Tutorial
This document provides information on smoking cessation and motivational interviewing techniques to help patients quit smoking. It discusses:
- The 5 A's approach to smoking cessation in primary care (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange).
- Stages of change model for behavior change, including precontemplation, contemplation and preparation stages.
- Motivational interviewing techniques like expressing empathy, developing discrepancy, avoiding arguments and rolling with resistance to help move patients through the stages of change.
- Using the 5 R's of relevance, risks, rewards, roadblocks and repetition when motivational interviewing with precontemplative and contemplative patients.
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Medicine 5th year, 9th lecture (Dr. Mohammad Shaikhani)
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Clinical review supporting smoking cessationqqqqqqq11111
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Rethinking nicotine: illusions, delusions and some conclusions
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- Coronaviruses typically cause common colds but SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV can cause pneumonia, respiratory failure, and death. A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and caused a global pandemic.
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Poisoning smoking 2012.
- 1. Prepared by: Dr. Mohammad Shaikhani University of Sulaimani College of Medicine. Dept of Medicine.
- 2. Introduction: Smoking is responsible for the death of 1/10 adults worldwide, or 5 million deaths /year. 50% will eventually die, mostly avoided by quiting. The prevalence;18% - 30%, 50% in China& rising in developing countries. Tobacco is one of the few causes of preventable death increasing globally. In West, decreasing. Although the gap is narrowing specially in adolescents, males more than females overall,
- 3. Determinants of tobacco use: Tobacco dependence results from several closely interrelated factors: Neurochemical Environmental Individual
- 4. Neurochemical determinants: Nicotine is the critical reinforcing component. Nicotinic Ach receptors have reinforcing effects. Nicotine produces a sustained effect on dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens& induce motivational / reinforcing properties. Medications that act on glutamate or GABA systems hold the promise of reducing drug cravings or avoiding relapse.
- 6. Enviromental determinants: Availability. Low cost. Advertising specially to thee youth. Friend, Peer pressure.
- 7. Individual determinants: Individuals are not at equal risk of tobacco dependence. Genetic component: Psychiatric disorders *2- 3, more in schizophrenia, depression, drug addiction. Tobacco may improve the psychiatric conditions or reduce the side effects of some psychiatric medications &mimic the effects of antidepressants,as tobacco smoke contains chemical substances that inhibit monoamine oxidase A/B. This may explain the increased risk of depression for 6 months or longer following smoking cessation.
- 8. Management of tobacco dependence: Adequate evaluation of the patient & environment. Since 70% of smokers see a physician/year, physicians &health professionals have a substantial opportunity to influence smoking behaviour. The essential features of smoking cessation treatment 5 As: Ask about smoking at every opportunity Advise all smokers to stop Assess their willingness to stop Assist the smoker to stop Arrange follow-up Success is often obtained only after several attempts& HCWs should adopt the same attitude as with other chronic disorders & should provide support over a long period.
- 9. Management: overall 2 approaches proven effective: Pharmacotherapy Nonpharmacologic interventions Best results obtained when the 2 combined& pharmacotherapy increase chance of initiating / maintaining abstinence 23-fold& should be used more extensively.
- 13. Single-choice Qs: • 1. The 1st -line management pharmacological of tobacco dependence include all except: • A. Tricyclic antidepressants. • B. Benzodiazepines. • C. Nicotine replacement. • D.Buprpion. • E.Varnecilin.
- 14. Single-choice Qs: • 2. Nicotine replacement therapy is given in all these forms except: • A. Gums. • B.Inhaler. • C.Lozenges. • D. Patch. • E.Suppositories.
- 15. Single-choice Qs: • 3. The following are among non- pharmacological interventions to enhance smoking quitting except: • A.Physian advice. • B.Self-helpmterials. • C. Social support. • D.Hypnotherapy. • E. Individual, group & telephone counseling.