This document provides an overview and instructions for the HIS 303 Entire Course on the American Constitution. It includes summaries of the weekly coursework, which covers topics such as the English influences on colonial political institutions, the Constitutional Convention of 1787, debates over federalism and states' rights, the expansion of presidential power, the New Deal, and contemporary issues regarding interpretations of the Constitution. Students are asked to discuss these topics by drawing connections to primary documents, videos, and scholarly secondary sources. The final paper involves examining the history of a single constitutional issue in depth and justifying an interpretation of how it should be understood today.
ARMS SALES, THE LEGISLATIVE VETO AND THE AMERICAN PUBLICLydia Boyer
This paper examines the history of the legislative veto as a separation of powers
mechanism in the American government and its influence on American foreign policy making
decisions in the Middle East. Its theoretical foundation lies in the tension between the legislative
and executive branches, which must work together to make foreign policy as a result of the
shared power given by the United States Constitution. As both the President, the head of the
executive branch, and the members of Congress both rely on election from the American public
and support from American interest groups, which use their monetary and informational support
in exchange for policy support in Washington DC. The legislative veto, officially in practice
from the 1930s to 1983, had a distinct impact on foreign policy because of its reversal of the
legislative process, which enabled public interest groups to have a greater influence on foreign
policy. Its impact can be easily seen on Foreign Policy in the Middle East because the legislative
veto provision was included in the 1974 renewal of the Arms Export Control Act (AECA).
During the 9 year period until the legislative veto was ruled unconstitutional in INS v. Chadha,
five large arms sales to Middle Eastern countries illustrate the larger trend of public policy
changing government policy making through the legislative veto. The five sales studied in this
paper illustrate the influence of lobbying groups, particularly the American Israeli lobby as a
general group, in being able to change foreign policy arrangements already negotiated by foreign
policy actors in the US government and demonstrate that sales were altered, withdrawn, or
resubmitted with amendments in favor of pro-Israeli policies.
An indepth study of these two groups with compare and contrast slides as well as practice test questions. Well worth a look for those studying this time period. From a National Hall of Fame Teacher.
Political Status of Puerto Rico: a Century in the MakingJesús Vega-Cerdá
Being a resident of the United States territory of Puerto Rico, with this argumentation essay, I have decided to point out one of the most controversial and discussed topics on the island today: its political status and relationship with the United States. In an attempt to address the issue directly, I refrain from creative and extensive writing, and face the problem head-on, giving a concrete and realistic solution.
PS 1010, American Government 1 Course Learning Out.docxadkinspaige22
PS 1010, American Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Summarize the origins of American political thought.
1.1 Identify how the Enlightenment and philosophers such as John Locke influenced the Founding
Fathers.
1.2 Indicate the major goals of the Founding Fathers.
1.3 List the events preceding the creation of the Articles of Confederation and the weaknesses that
led to the Articles' demise.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2. Foundations of American Government”
Unit I Assignment
1.2
Unit I Lesson
Unit I Assignment
1.3
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2a. The Colonial Experience”
Reading: “2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation”
Unit I Assignment
Reading Assignment
To access the following resources, click the links below.
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2. Foundations of American government. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2a. The colonial experience. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
Foundations of American Government
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
PS 1010, American Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Unit Lesson
Many of us have a general concept and
understanding of the leadership of the Founding
Fathers working to establish a government with more
democratic principles and ideals. While the term
Founding Fathers is used a great deal, one must note
that there was a general sense of agreement on the
need for a new government and country, but there
were differences in their political ideologies. Some
Founding Fathers were for a more powerful federal
government, while others were more focused on state
powers. The point to be made here is that the
Founding Fathers were not an ideologically unified
group of people. The Founding Fathers had a vision
of making America a melting pot, but the path of
setting up a different style of government had many
trials and tribulations. After many obstacles were
overcome, the United States was formed under the
political structure of a democratic republic, which is
mentioned in the Pledge of Allegiance. In this unit, the
thoughts and strategies behind the founding of the
United States and the ideas and principles utilized to
create the Constitution will be examined.
In the Beginning
What is politics? What part do citizens have in the political process? The United States has a political culture
that began during Colonial times and was refined during the Revolutionary War. When the colonists declared
their independence from Great Britain, the Founding Fathers declared.
PS 1010, American Government 1 Course Learning Out.docxShiraPrater50
PS 1010, American Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Summarize the origins of American political thought.
1.1 Identify how the Enlightenment and philosophers such as John Locke influenced the Founding
Fathers.
1.2 Indicate the major goals of the Founding Fathers.
1.3 List the events preceding the creation of the Articles of Confederation and the weaknesses that
led to the Articles' demise.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2. Foundations of American Government”
Unit I Assignment
1.2
Unit I Lesson
Unit I Assignment
1.3
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2a. The Colonial Experience”
Reading: “2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation”
Unit I Assignment
Reading Assignment
To access the following resources, click the links below.
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2. Foundations of American government. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2a. The colonial experience. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
Foundations of American Government
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
PS 1010, American Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Unit Lesson
Many of us have a general concept and
understanding of the leadership of the Founding
Fathers working to establish a government with more
democratic principles and ideals. While the term
Founding Fathers is used a great deal, one must note
that there was a general sense of agreement on the
need for a new government and country, but there
were differences in their political ideologies. Some
Founding Fathers were for a more powerful federal
government, while others were more focused on state
powers. The point to be made here is that the
Founding Fathers were not an ideologically unified
group of people. The Founding Fathers had a vision
of making America a melting pot, but the path of
setting up a different style of government had many
trials and tribulations. After many obstacles were
overcome, the United States was formed under the
political structure of a democratic republic, which is
mentioned in the Pledge of Allegiance. In this unit, the
thoughts and strategies behind the founding of the
United States and the ideas and principles utilized to
create the Constitution will be examined.
In the Beginning
What is politics? What part do citizens have in the political process? The United States has a political culture
that began during Colonial times and was refined during the Revolutionary War. When the colonists declared
their independence from Great Britain, the Founding Fathers declared ...
ARMS SALES, THE LEGISLATIVE VETO AND THE AMERICAN PUBLICLydia Boyer
This paper examines the history of the legislative veto as a separation of powers
mechanism in the American government and its influence on American foreign policy making
decisions in the Middle East. Its theoretical foundation lies in the tension between the legislative
and executive branches, which must work together to make foreign policy as a result of the
shared power given by the United States Constitution. As both the President, the head of the
executive branch, and the members of Congress both rely on election from the American public
and support from American interest groups, which use their monetary and informational support
in exchange for policy support in Washington DC. The legislative veto, officially in practice
from the 1930s to 1983, had a distinct impact on foreign policy because of its reversal of the
legislative process, which enabled public interest groups to have a greater influence on foreign
policy. Its impact can be easily seen on Foreign Policy in the Middle East because the legislative
veto provision was included in the 1974 renewal of the Arms Export Control Act (AECA).
During the 9 year period until the legislative veto was ruled unconstitutional in INS v. Chadha,
five large arms sales to Middle Eastern countries illustrate the larger trend of public policy
changing government policy making through the legislative veto. The five sales studied in this
paper illustrate the influence of lobbying groups, particularly the American Israeli lobby as a
general group, in being able to change foreign policy arrangements already negotiated by foreign
policy actors in the US government and demonstrate that sales were altered, withdrawn, or
resubmitted with amendments in favor of pro-Israeli policies.
An indepth study of these two groups with compare and contrast slides as well as practice test questions. Well worth a look for those studying this time period. From a National Hall of Fame Teacher.
Political Status of Puerto Rico: a Century in the MakingJesús Vega-Cerdá
Being a resident of the United States territory of Puerto Rico, with this argumentation essay, I have decided to point out one of the most controversial and discussed topics on the island today: its political status and relationship with the United States. In an attempt to address the issue directly, I refrain from creative and extensive writing, and face the problem head-on, giving a concrete and realistic solution.
PS 1010, American Government 1 Course Learning Out.docxadkinspaige22
PS 1010, American Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Summarize the origins of American political thought.
1.1 Identify how the Enlightenment and philosophers such as John Locke influenced the Founding
Fathers.
1.2 Indicate the major goals of the Founding Fathers.
1.3 List the events preceding the creation of the Articles of Confederation and the weaknesses that
led to the Articles' demise.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2. Foundations of American Government”
Unit I Assignment
1.2
Unit I Lesson
Unit I Assignment
1.3
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2a. The Colonial Experience”
Reading: “2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation”
Unit I Assignment
Reading Assignment
To access the following resources, click the links below.
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2. Foundations of American government. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2a. The colonial experience. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
Foundations of American Government
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
PS 1010, American Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Unit Lesson
Many of us have a general concept and
understanding of the leadership of the Founding
Fathers working to establish a government with more
democratic principles and ideals. While the term
Founding Fathers is used a great deal, one must note
that there was a general sense of agreement on the
need for a new government and country, but there
were differences in their political ideologies. Some
Founding Fathers were for a more powerful federal
government, while others were more focused on state
powers. The point to be made here is that the
Founding Fathers were not an ideologically unified
group of people. The Founding Fathers had a vision
of making America a melting pot, but the path of
setting up a different style of government had many
trials and tribulations. After many obstacles were
overcome, the United States was formed under the
political structure of a democratic republic, which is
mentioned in the Pledge of Allegiance. In this unit, the
thoughts and strategies behind the founding of the
United States and the ideas and principles utilized to
create the Constitution will be examined.
In the Beginning
What is politics? What part do citizens have in the political process? The United States has a political culture
that began during Colonial times and was refined during the Revolutionary War. When the colonists declared
their independence from Great Britain, the Founding Fathers declared.
PS 1010, American Government 1 Course Learning Out.docxShiraPrater50
PS 1010, American Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Summarize the origins of American political thought.
1.1 Identify how the Enlightenment and philosophers such as John Locke influenced the Founding
Fathers.
1.2 Indicate the major goals of the Founding Fathers.
1.3 List the events preceding the creation of the Articles of Confederation and the weaknesses that
led to the Articles' demise.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2. Foundations of American Government”
Unit I Assignment
1.2
Unit I Lesson
Unit I Assignment
1.3
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2a. The Colonial Experience”
Reading: “2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation”
Unit I Assignment
Reading Assignment
To access the following resources, click the links below.
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2. Foundations of American government. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2a. The colonial experience. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
Foundations of American Government
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
PS 1010, American Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Unit Lesson
Many of us have a general concept and
understanding of the leadership of the Founding
Fathers working to establish a government with more
democratic principles and ideals. While the term
Founding Fathers is used a great deal, one must note
that there was a general sense of agreement on the
need for a new government and country, but there
were differences in their political ideologies. Some
Founding Fathers were for a more powerful federal
government, while others were more focused on state
powers. The point to be made here is that the
Founding Fathers were not an ideologically unified
group of people. The Founding Fathers had a vision
of making America a melting pot, but the path of
setting up a different style of government had many
trials and tribulations. After many obstacles were
overcome, the United States was formed under the
political structure of a democratic republic, which is
mentioned in the Pledge of Allegiance. In this unit, the
thoughts and strategies behind the founding of the
United States and the ideas and principles utilized to
create the Constitution will be examined.
In the Beginning
What is politics? What part do citizens have in the political process? The United States has a political culture
that began during Colonial times and was refined during the Revolutionary War. When the colonists declared
their independence from Great Britain, the Founding Fathers declared ...
PS 1010, American Government 1 Course Learning Outcom.docxAASTHA76
PS 1010, American Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit I
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Summarize the origins of American political thought.
1.1 Identify how the Enlightenment and philosophers such as John Locke influenced the Founding
Fathers.
1.2 Discuss the major goals of the Framers of the Constitution.
1.3 Describe the events preceding the creation of the Articles of Confederation and the
weaknesses that led to the Articles' demise.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2. Foundations of American Government”
Unit I Assessment
1.2
Unit I Lesson
Unit I Assessment
1.3
Unit I Lesson
Reading: “2a. The Colonial Experience”
Reading: “2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation”
Unit I Assessment
Reading Assignment
To access the following resources, click the links below.
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2. Foundations of American government. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2a. The colonial experience. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
Independence Hall Association. (n.d.). 2b. Independence and the Articles of Confederation. Retrieved from
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
UNIT I STUDY GUIDE
Foundations of American Government
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2a.asp
http://www.ushistory.org/gov/2b.asp
PS 1010, American Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Unit Lesson
We have all heard about the Founding Fathers and their vision of making America a melting pot, but the trials
and tribulations of establishing the government of the United States fly a bit further under the radar. This unit
will examine the thoughts and strategies behind
our nation’s founding and the ideas and principles
utilized to create our Constitution.
In the Beginning
What is politics? What part do we as citizens have
in the political process? The United States has a
political culture that was begun during colonial times
and refined during the Revolutionary War. When the
colonists declared their independence from Great
Britain, the Founding Fathers declared that
Americans were entitled to life, liberty, and the
pursuit of happiness. Along with this entitlement
also came a duty because nothing is ever free. It
should be our active goal as U.S. citizens to
understand how politics affects every part of our
lives from the moment we are conceived until we
depart this world. We should be informed of what
those who represent us are doing so that we can
guide their steps and keep them accountable.
Early American core values for governing were
centered on the ideas of liberty, individualism, equality, and self-government. Establishing these ideals was
not without issue. The First and Second Continental Congresses were fraught with turbulence and animosity,
as were the weeks.
The U.S. Constitution Essay
Essay on US Constitution
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The Us Constitution
The Us Constitution
The US Constitution Essay
Essay on US Constitution
Essay about The Constitution
Worksheet #3Assigned Saturday, March 9, 2013Response due Saturda.docxdunnramage
Worksheet #3
Assigned Saturday, March 9, 2013
Response due Saturday, March 23, 2013
Research and provide answers for the following topics and terms.
The first government of the new United States of American existed
from 1777 to the drafting of the US Constitution in the summer of
1787. It was replaced by the drafting of the US Constitution.
Answer the following questions about this government, the people who helped create it, and the events during the 10-year life of this government that led to its replacement with the creation of the Constitution of the United States in 1787.
1. Provide a title and general description of the first government of the United States of America
1a. When and how was it was developed, what was the structure
and where did the majority of power in this government
reside?
1b. What were the major strengths and/or weaknesses of this new
government? Look specifically at issues of taxation, foreign
diplomacy, interstate trade, national prestige, both executive
and judicial authority.
2. The terms “conservative” and “liberal” are continually misused by modern people to describe North American colonists who wanted to remain part of the British Empire, and colonists who wanted to separate from the British Empire.
Using a standard, but very general, definition of the terms:
“conservative” is someone who resists change, considers any type of change to be “radical,” believes in maintaining either the
status quo
, or returning to some past time period when life was theoretically better.
“liberal” is someone who supports a radical change in the current
status quo
, and does not believe the past was necessarily better.
Apply these definitions to the following, with a small description and reasons for your labeling. Apply John Locke’s “Social Contract” theory if applicable.
2a. Loyalists and Patriots during the American War for
Independence.
2b. the 1
st
, 2
nd
, and 3
rd
meetings of the Continental Congress
(provide the dates for the convening of these meetings)
2c. John Dickinson
2d. Robert Morris
3. What and when was the Newburgh Conspiracy? Who were
major people involved? What was the principal issue that led
to this event? Define and explain how the following was involved:
3a. securities (do not use the modern definition; apply this to the
time period under discussion)
3b. Bank of North America
3c. Alexander Hamilton
3c. General Horatio Gates and the Continental Army
3d. Gen. George Washington
4. What and when was the Annapolis Convention? Provide the purpose,
whether or not the purpose was accomplished, and the result.
5. What and when was Shays’ Rebellion? How is it associated with the
first government of the US, and why does it act as a final stimulation
to make a change to that government?
6. Define the following terms, and
relate your definition – with examples as appropriate -- to the period of st.
Reflection on GrowthFor this activity, you will reflect on your .docxcargillfilberto
Reflection on Growth
For this activity, you will reflect on your academic growth in the course.
Directions:
1. Respond to the following in a Primary Post of at least 200 words:
How do you feel you have grown as a student in this course? How will the knowledge you have gained prepare you for your future?
2. Post your Primary Post to the discussion.
3. Review your classmates' Primary Posts.
4. Thoughtfully respond to a minimum of two classmates with 100 word Secondary Posts each.
5. Be sure to cite all sources.
KIMBERLY’S POST:
In this course I have learned that history provides us with a crystal-clear picture of how various aspects of society, including technology, governmental systems, and even society as a whole, functioned in the past, enabling us to comprehend how it came to function in the manner that it does today. History enables us to observe and comprehend how societies and individuals behaved. For instance, even when a nation is at peace, we can evaluate war by looking back on previous events. The information that is used to make laws or theories about various aspects of society can be found in history. What I’ve learned in this history class can assist us in becoming more educated citizens. It reveals who we are as a group and being aware of this is essential to preserving a democratic society. Through educated debates and the refinement of people's fundamental beliefs, this information enables individuals to take an active role in the political arena. People can even alter their previous beliefs with the knowledge of history.
During this course, I have gained a sense of identity from our history. In fact, one of the main reasons why history is still taught in schools all over the world is because of this. Historians have gained insight into the origins of nations, families, and groups, as well as their evolution and development over time. An individual can comprehend how their family interacted with larger historical change when they take it upon themselves to delve deeply into their own family's history.
SHELIA’S POST:
In this American History II course, I feel I have grown academically. My academic growth is reflected not only in the grades I have received but in the treasure of priceless and important historical information I have been exposed to this semester. I have received, learned and have grown as a student in this course because I have had the opportunity to obtain valuable American History that was not covered in my previous history courses from presidents, wars, to supreme court rulings, house of representatives, congress and other government . I was glad to have current American History as well as much needed African American History in this course. Although a virtual class Mr. Fogg assignments allowed us to freely write and discuss our thoughts with each other as student peers and was availble for conferences. The most memorable lesson will be the CPI: Longview Red Hot Summer because I have personal ties in Longv.
Assignment 2 American ConstitutionFollowing the Revolutionary War.docxchandaronald
Assignment 2: American Constitution
Following the Revolutionary War and separation from England, the need for a new government was clear. A group of men, who became known as the “nation’s founders” or Founding Fathers, developed a new government based on principles and beliefs they knew through their experiences, readings, and study. The Founding Fathers had a great deal in common with each other, including property interests, education, and extensive political experience. These common experiences and birthrights created a strong consensus about what should be incorporated into the government that would replace England’s.
Troubles developed immediately upon establishment of the United States of America with the 1781 Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union. Economic difficulties and means of dividing power between leaders and competing interests caused conflict. The conflicts had to be resolved, and some of the Founding Fathers and others, who would come to be known as the Framers went to Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, it became apparent immediately that the Articles could not be revised, and therefore, they were abandoned, and the Framers set about to create a new form of government. Though the effort was eventually successful and resulted in the Constitution, there was a great deal of conflict during its development in the summer of 1787. The form of government established incorporated the ideas of diverse groups, as well as the Framers’ recognition of the need for compromise.
Research the history of the American Constitution using the Argosy University online library resources. Respond to
one
question from each of the question sets A and B.
A. Creating the Constitution
Consider the three constitutional proposals: the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise. If you were a delegate and without the experience of the past 200 years, which constitutional proposal would you have supported? Why?
Why do you think the framers were silent on the issue of slavery in the wording of the Constitution? What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
What were the issues in the Constitutional Convention? Who were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
B. Living with the Constitution
What are the formal and informal methods of constitutional change?
How do checks and balances work in the lawmaking process today? Which current and important events do you think are examples of the success of checks and balances?
Do you think the Constitution is a relevant political document for the twenty-first century? What new amendments might be appropriate today?
Write your response to each in 150–200 words.
By
Saturday, November 7, 2015
, post your response to the appropriate
Discussion Area
. Through
Wednesday, November 11, 2015
, review and comment on at least three peers’ responses.
.
The constitution is a sacred cow, and some parts of it should be slaughtered. It was deliberately designed to be anti democratic and we suffer from its faults to this day. Large parts of it should be reformed with a new constitution, abolish the electoral college, reform the senate and supreme court, limit corporate power and make it harder to go to war. These are my proposals.
Assignment 2 American ConstitutionFollowing the Revolutionary War.docxBenitoSumpter862
Assignment 2: American Constitution
Following the Revolutionary War and separation from England, the need for a new government was clear. A group of men, who became known as the “nation’s founders” or Founding Fathers, developed a new government based on principles and beliefs they knew through their experiences, readings, and study. The Founding Fathers had a great deal in common with each other, including property interests, education, and extensive political experience. These common experiences and birthrights created a strong consensus about what should be incorporated into the government that would replace England’s.
Troubles developed immediately upon establishment of the United States of America with the 1781 Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union. Economic difficulties and means of dividing power between leaders and competing interests caused conflict. The conflicts had to be resolved, and some of the Founding Fathers and others, who would come to be known as the Framers went to Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, it became apparent immediately that the Articles could not be revised, and therefore, they were abandoned, and the Framers set about to create a new form of government. Though the effort was eventually successful and resulted in the Constitution, there was a great deal of conflict during its development in the summer of 1787. The form of government established incorporated the ideas of diverse groups, as well as the Framers’ recognition of the need for compromise.
Research the history of the American Constitution using the Argosy University online library resources. Respond to
one
question from each of the question sets A and B.
A. Creating the Constitution
Consider the three constitutional proposals: the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise. If you were a delegate and without the experience of the past 200 years, which constitutional proposal would you have supported? Why?
Why do you think the framers were silent on the issue of slavery in the wording of the Constitution? What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
What were the issues in the Constitutional Convention? Who were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
B. Living with the Constitution
What are the formal and informal methods of constitutional change?
How do checks and balances work in the lawmaking process today? Which current and important events do you think are examples of the success of checks and balances?
Do you think the Constitution is a relevant political document for the twenty-first century? What new amendments might be appropriate today?
Write your response to each in 150–200 words.
By
Saturday, February 4, 2017
, post your response to the appropriate
Discussion Area
. Through
Wednesday, February 8, 2017
, review and comment on at least three peers’ responses.
.
Assignment 2 American Constitution Following the Revolutionar.docxchandaronald
Assignment 2: American Constitution
Following the Revolutionary War and separation from England, the need for a new government was clear. A group of men, who became known as the “nation’s founders” or Founding Fathers, developed a new government based on principles and beliefs they knew through their experiences, readings, and study. The Founding Fathers had a great deal in common with each other, including property interests, education, and extensive political experience. These common experiences and birthrights created a strong consensus about what should be incorporated into the government that would replace England’s.
Troubles developed immediately upon establishment of the United States of America with the 1781 Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union. Economic difficulties and means of dividing power between leaders and competing interests caused conflict. The conflicts had to be resolved, and some of the Founding Fathers and others, who would come to be known as the Framers went to Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, it became apparent immediately that the Articles could not be revised, and therefore, they were abandoned, and the Framers set about to create a new form of government. Though the effort was eventually successful and resulted in the Constitution, there was a great deal of conflict during its development in the summer of 1787. The form of government established incorporated the ideas of diverse groups, as well as the Framers’ recognition of the need for compromise.
Research the history of the American Constitution using the Argosy University online library resources. Respond to
one
question from each of the question sets A and B.
A. Creating the Constitution
Consider the three constitutional proposals: the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise. If you were a delegate and without the experience of the past 200 years, which constitutional proposal would you have supported? Why?
Why do you think the framers were silent on the issue of slavery in the wording of the Constitution? What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
What were the issues in the Constitutional Convention? Who were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
B. Living with the Constitution
What are the formal and informal methods of constitutional change?
How do checks and balances work in the lawmaking process today? Which current and important events do you think are examples of the success of checks and balances?
Do you think the Constitution is a relevant political document for the twenty-first century? What new amendments might be appropriate today?
Write your response to each in 150–200 words.
.
Assignment 2 American ConstitutionFollowing the Revolutionary War.docxbobbywlane695641
Assignment 2: American Constitution
Following the Revolutionary War and separation from England, the need for a new government was clear. A group of men, who became known as the “nation’s founders” or Founding Fathers, developed a new government based on principles and beliefs they knew through their experiences, readings, and study. The Founding Fathers had a great deal in common with each other, including property interests, education, and extensive political experience. These common experiences and birthrights created a strong consensus about what should be incorporated into the government that would replace England’s.
Troubles developed immediately upon establishment of the United States of America with the 1781 Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union. Economic difficulties and means of dividing power between leaders and competing interests caused conflict. The conflicts had to be resolved, and some of the Founding Fathers and others, who would come to be known as the Framers went to Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, it became apparent immediately that the Articles could not be revised, and therefore, they were abandoned, and the Framers set about to create a new form of government. Though the effort was eventually successful and resulted in the Constitution, there was a great deal of conflict during its development in the summer of 1787. The form of government established incorporated the ideas of diverse groups, as well as the Framers’ recognition of the need for compromise.
Research the history of the American Constitution using the Argosy University online library resources. Respond to
one
question from each of the question sets A and B.
A. Creating the Constitution
Consider the three constitutional proposals: the Virginia Plan, the New Jersey Plan, and the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise. If you were a delegate and without the experience of the past 200 years, which constitutional proposal would you have supported? Why?
Why do you think the framers were silent on the issue of slavery in the wording of the Constitution? What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
What were the issues in the Constitutional Convention? Who were the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
B. Living with the Constitution
What are the formal and informal methods of constitutional change?
How do checks and balances work in the lawmaking process today? Which current and important events do you think are examples of the success of checks and balances?
Do you think the Constitution is a relevant political document for the twenty-first century? What new amendments might be appropriate today?
Write your response to each in 150–200 words.
.
POL 2301, United States Government 1 Course Learniajoy21
POL 2301, United States Government 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit II
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Summarize the origins of American political thought.
1.1 Discuss the influences of Enlightenment philosophers and their ideas on the American colonial
movement toward revolution.
1.2 Describe the impact of John Locke’s political philosophy on the key characteristics of the
Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.
1.3 Trace the origins of the colonial experience that led to the revolution.
2. Identify the distinctive attributes of the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
2.1 Explain how the fundamental weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation were addressed by
the new U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
2.2 Summarize the major political features of the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights that help
ensure against the development of tyranny.
2.3 Describe the purpose and process of amending the U.S. Constitution.
2.4 Define federalism and its purpose in American government.
2.5 Trace the evolution of federalism from the Civil War period through today, including dual
federalism, cooperative federalism, new federalism, and competitive federalism.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 2, pp. 37–64
Unit II Assessment
1.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 2, pp. 37–64
Unit II Assessment
1.3
Unit Lesson
Chapter 2, pp. 37–64
Unit II Assessment
2.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 2, pp. 37–64
Unit II Assessment
2.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 2, pp. 37–64
Unit II Assessment
2.3
Unit Lesson
Chapter 2, pp. 37–64
Unit II Assessment
2.4
Unit Lesson
Chapter 3, pp. 71–102
Unit II Assessment
2.5
Unit Lesson
Chapter 3, pp. 71–102
Unit II Assessment
UNIT II STUDY GUIDE
The U.S. Constitution and American Federalism
POL 2301, United States Government 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Required Unit Resources
In order to access the following resources, click the links below.
Throughout this course, you will be provided with sections of text from the online textbook American
Government 2e. You may be tested on your knowledge and understanding of the material presented in the
textbook as well as the information presented in the unit lesson.
Chapter 2: The Constitution and Its Origins, pp. 37–64
Chapter 3: American Federalism, pp. 71–102
Unit Lesson
Influences on the Founders and the Right to Revolution
Beginning in the late 1600s and throughout the 1700s, immigrants traveled to the New World in search of new
opportunities. Some fled from religious persecution, political oppression, and poverty. Others were drawn
toward the open expanses of land and freedom. They came from England, Ireland, Spain, and Sweden. They
were Pilgrims and Puritans, Catholics and Quakers, and Lutherans and Anglicans. Some arrived still bound
with an allegiance to their old countries. Others immigrated i ...
History Essay. Part one. choose ONLY 1 essay question from the.docxpooleavelina
History Essay.
Part one.
choose ONLY 1 essay question from the list below, which covers chapter 15 and part of chapter 16 in the textbook. Grades will be based on the content of the answer and must be more than 300 words in length. Direct quotes do not count toward the required word count.
Essay Questions:
1 - What did freedom mean for the ex-slaves? Be sure to address economic opportunities, gender roles, religious independence, and family security.
2 - Reconstruction witnessed profound changes in the lives of southerners, black and white, rich and poor. Explain the various ways that the lives of these groups changed. Were the changes for the better or worse?
3 - Stating that he “lived among men, not among angels,” Thaddeus Stevens recognized that the Fourteenth Amendment was not perfect. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of the Fourteenth Amendment. What liberties and freedoms did it extend in the nineteenth century—and to whom? How did it alter the relationship between the federal government and the states?
4 - Who were the Redeemers, what did they want, and what were their methods? How did the Redeemers feel that their freedom was being threatened by Radical Reconstruction? Conclude your essay with a comment on how you think the federal government should have responded to the Redeemers.
5 - Was Reconstruction a success or a failure? Or was it something in between? In your response, consider land policy, key legislation during Presidential and Radical Reconstruction, southern politics, racial and political violence, and northern “fatigue” with Reconstruction. Be sure to make clear what you mean by success and failure.
6 - The debate surrounding the creation and ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment divided one-time political allies over the matter of women’s suffrage. What were the arguments for and against including a woman’s right to vote in the Fifteenth Amendment? What did this debate say about the boundaries of freedom defined by Reconstruction?
7 - What role did the government play in defining, protecting, and/or limiting the liberty of American workers during the Gilded Age?
8 - Henry Demarest Lloyd wrote in Wealth against Commonwealth (1864), “Liberty and monopoly cannot live together.” Based on your knowledge of the Gilded Age and the industrial revolution, assess the validity of this statement.
9 - How did the labor movement launch a sustained assault on the understanding of freedom grounded in Social Darwinism and in the liberty of contract?
10 - Compare the motives and methods of the various social reformers active in the Gilded Age. How did the efforts of thinkers such as Henry George, Laurence Gronlund, and Edward Bellamy differ from those of the Protestant and Social Gospel reformers of the period? Were any of these approaches more successful than others? Why, or why not?
PART TWO
For part 3 of the Unit 1 Exam, choose ONLY 1 essay question from the list below, which covers part of chapter 16 and all of chapter 17 in ...
For part 2 of the Unit 1 Exam, choose ONLY 1 essay question .docxrhetttrevannion
For part 2 of the Unit 1 Exam, choose
ONLY 1 essay question
from the list below, which covers chapter 15 and part of chapter 16 in the textbook. Grades will be based on the content of the answer and must be
more than 300 words
in length. Direct quotes do not count toward the required word count.
Part 2 Essay Questions:
1 - What did freedom mean for the ex-slaves? Be sure to address economic opportunities, gender roles, religious independence, and family security.
2 - Reconstruction witnessed profound changes in the lives of southerners, black and white, rich and poor. Explain the various ways that the lives of these groups changed. Were the changes for the better or worse?
3 - Stating that he “lived among men, not among angels,” Thaddeus Stevens recognized that the Fourteenth Amendment was not perfect. Explain the strengths and weaknesses of the Fourteenth Amendment. What liberties and freedoms did it extend in the nineteenth century—and to whom? How did it alter the relationship between the federal government and the states?
4 - Who were the Redeemers, what did they want, and what were their methods? How did the Redeemers feel that their freedom was being threatened by Radical Reconstruction? Conclude your essay with a comment on how you think the federal government should have responded to the Redeemers.
5 - Was Reconstruction a success or a failure? Or was it something in between? In your response, consider land policy, key legislation during Presidential and Radical Reconstruction, southern politics, racial and political violence, and northern “fatigue” with Reconstruction. Be sure to make clear what you mean by success and failure.
6 - The debate surrounding the creation and ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment divided one-time political allies over the matter of women’s suffrage. What were the arguments for and against including a woman’s right to vote in the Fifteenth Amendment? What did this debate say about the boundaries of freedom defined by Reconstruction?
7 - What role did the government play in defining, protecting, and/or limiting the liberty of American workers during the Gilded Age?
8 - Henry Demarest Lloyd wrote in Wealth against Commonwealth (1864), “Liberty and monopoly cannot live together.” Based on your knowledge of the Gilded Age and the industrial revolution, assess the validity of this statement.
9 - How did the labor movement launch a sustained assault on the understanding of freedom grounded in Social Darwinism and in the liberty of contract?
10 - Compare the motives and methods of the various social reformers active in the Gilded Age. How did the efforts of thinkers such as Henry George, Laurence Gronlund, and Edward Bellamy differ from those of the Protestant and Social Gospel reformers of the period? Were any of these approaches more successful than others? Why, or why not?
PART3:
For part 3 of the Unit 1 Exam,
choose ONLY 1 essay question
from the list below, which covers part of ch.
Essay on Creating the Constitution
Essay on US Constitution
The British Constitution Essay example
US Constitution Essay
The U.S. Constitution Essay
Essay about The Constitution
Texas Constitution Essay
Essay about Constitutional Democracy
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The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
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Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
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Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
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𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
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"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
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A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
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Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.ppt
His 303 entire course the american constitution new coursework
1. HIS 303 Entire Course The
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HIS 303 Entire Course The American Constitution New Coursework
Week 1
English Politics and Political Traditions. Americans often imagine that their political
institutions and principles are unique and unheralded; yet, many of them might be
traced back to the heritage of England at the time the colonies were first formed, and
over the course of the colonial period as English political institutions evolved. Identify
the ways that English politics and political traditions influenced the political and legal
institutions of colonial America.
What aspects of the English political heritage did the colonists claim for themselves?
How did English institutions and principles evolve in the colonies? How and why had
English and American conceptions of their shared political heritage diverged so sharply
by the middle of the 1700s? What constitutional disagreements brought about the
American Revolution?
In responding to the above questions, draw from the material in one of the following
videos:
1. In the beginning
2. Larry Kramer: American legal history: Colonial era to 1800
3. Liberty! Episode 1 – The reluctant revolutionaries (1763-1774)
2. DQ 2 The Constitutional Convention of 1787. Americans today generally revere the
Constitution and appeal to it as an impeccable authority on current events (even when
the Americans in question have never closely read the Constitution). However, when
the Constitution was first presented to the American people, many of them opposed it
and the nation almost did not ratify it. Even among the original framers of the
Constitution (Framers) themselves, some, like Benjamin Franklin, thought it was
imperfect and a few, like George Mason, refused to sign it. Identify the events and
developments which led to the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and explain the
opposition to the new Constitution.
What weaknesses did the earlier Articles of Confederation seem to contain and how
specifically did the Constitution address those apparent weaknesses? What major
differences divided the Framers at the Constitutional Convention and how were those
differences resolved? What objections did the anti-federalists raise with regard to the
Constitution? How valid were their objections?
When responding to these questions, draw from the documents in any one chapter of
John J. Patrick’s Founding the Republic: A Documentary History (except for Part I: “The
Decision for Independence”), available from the Ebrary database.
Week 2
DQ 1 Powers of the Federal Government. Many Americans today believe the federal
government has acquired too much power, size, and influence in the nation’s domestic
affairs. Throughout U.S. history, a tension has existed regarding what powers the
federal government can assume and what powers should be left to the states. Review
the text of the Constitution for evidence about the relationship the document
establishes between national and state governments. Then review the history of the
United States through the Civil War for evidence of how that relationship worked in
progress, and changed over time.
What major controversies during this time period raised questions about the proper
relationship between the state and federal governments? How did proponents and
opponents of state sovereignty defend their respective positions? How did the question
of slavery intermix with the question of states’ rights?
When responding to the above questions, draw from three of the following documents:
South Carolina exposition and protest
President Jackson’s proclamation regarding nullification, December 10, 1832
The Kentucky resolution – Alien and sedition acts
3. Abraham Lincoln: Inaugural address, March 4, 1861
Declaration of the immediate causes which induce and justify the secession of South
Carolina from thefederal union
DQ 2 A Symbolic Figurehead. Americans tend to pay more attention to the president
than to any other government official, blaming him when things go wrong, even in
areas over which the president has little control, and crediting him with successes which
stem from the legislature instead of the executive. In many ways, the president serves
as a symbolic figurehead of both the government and the nation, with the consequence
that the executive often overshadows the other branches of government. Review the
powers and responsibilities which the Constitution grants to the president. Then explain
how presidents from, George Washington through Abraham Lincoln, have wielded and
expanded those powers.
How did the role of the president change from 1789 to 1865? Which presidents were
most responsible for those changes? How did the judiciary and the legislature
encourage or seek to curtail the expansion of executive power?
Early Constitutional Controversies. In 1788, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison,
who had both played active roles at the Constitutional Convention, worked together to
write The Federalist Papers, a series of articles originally published in New York
newspapers to convince readers to back the ratification of the Constitution.
Constitutional scholars often refer to these papers to gain an appreciation of the
“original intention” of the Framers, how those men expected the federal government to
operate under the Constitution, and the powers they sought to grant or deny the
federal government. By the early 1790s, however, Hamilton and Madison had divided
over basic constitutional questions, such as whether or not the federal government
could charter a national bank. The American electorate, which had ratified the
Constitution, had split on the issue as well, dividing into rival Federalist and Republican
parties.
For this assignment, explore one significant constitutional controversy, from the first
two decades of the United States under the Constitution (1789 to 1821). Topics to
consider include:
4. The incorporation of the Bank of the United States
5. Debt assumption
6. The Jay Treaty
7. The Alien and Sedition Acts
8. The Election of 1800
9. John Marshall’s use of judicial review
4. 10. The Louisiana Purchase
11. The trial of Aaron Burr
Describe opposing views of the topic under consideration, and explain how each side
used the Constitution to support its position. Assess the validity of the two sides
according to your own interpretation of the Constitution as well as according to how the
Constitution and constitutional principles were understood at the time the controversy
occurred.
The paper should draw from at least one primary source and two scholarly, secondary
sources for a total of three sources (not including the Constitution itself). For assistance
on the use of primary and secondary sources, please see sections 8.1 and 8.2 of the
Ashford Writing Center. The secondary sources should be accessed through any of the
academic databases available through the Ashford University library.
Week 3
The Constitution and Reconstruction. A common misconception about the end of
the Civil War is that, after ending slavery, the federal government did nothing to assist
former slaves. In fact, the Constitution itself was substantially altered to define the
rights of Americans and to allow the federal government to protect those rights. Review
the contents of the Fourteenth, Fifteenth, and Nineteenth Amendments, along with the
history of the period from 1865 to 1933. What measures did the federal government
implement during Reconstruction to aid freed people? Why and how would those
measures prove largely ineffective in the long-term? What did women’s rights activists
gain between 1865 and 1933? Who gained more during this time period, women or
Blacks? What unique disadvantages did black women face? What rights did workers
gain during this period, and what rights did they demand, but fail to gain? What role did
the federal government play during this period in expanding and ensuring the rights of
citizens? When responding to the above questions, draw from material from one of the
following videos:
The story of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony: Failure is impossible
The second American revolution, Part 1
Stories from the mines: How immigrant miners changed America
DQ 2 Populists and Progressives. According to much populist rhetoric since the
1980s, the federal government is too active in domestic affairs, particularly the
economy. Yet, a century earlier, the Populists and Progressives a agitated to have the
federal government intervene more actively in domestic affairs. Explain why many
Americans during this period from 1880 to 1930 favored a more activist federal
5. government. Summarize the constitutional views of the Populists and Progressives, and
explain how they differed from the conservative views held by the Supreme Court and
others of the time. What developments led the Populists and Progressives to call for a
more activist federal government? How did they hope to change the nature of state and
federal government as they expanded its power? On what grounds did conservatives,
especially in the courts, oppose the policies proposed by Populists and Progressives?
What was the impact on American Society of the growing power of the national
government, particularly in economic issues?
When responding to the above questions, reference material from three of the following
documents:
The subjective necessity of social settlements
An economic interpretation of the Constitution of the United States
The Bible
Theodore Roosevelt: New nationalism speech, 1910
The Omaha platform: Launching the Populist Party
A governor bitterly opposes Negro education
Supreme Court Decision. The judiciary is one of the three branches involved in the
“checks and balances” associated with the U.S. government under the Constitution. It is
also the branch over which the American people have the least direct control, making it
particularly controversial, especially when it seems to controvert the popular will as
expressed through the legislature. For this assignment, review the powers the
Constitution grants to the Supreme Court in Article III. Then summarize the history of,
reasoning behind, and the public reaction to a momentous U.S. Supreme Court
decision. Also, explain the decision’s impact on relevant concerns, such as the
economy, politics, religious freedom, civil liberties, human rights, and so forth. In your
opinion, was the decision valid in terms of its constitutional interpretation and its
impact on the nation? When do you believe the Supreme Court should get involved in
national controversies, and what rubric should it use to make its decisions?
You are free to write about any Supreme Court case, though you are advised to use a
case related to the topic of your final paper. Note, though, that you may not recycle
substantial passages from this assignment in the Final Paper. The paper should include
an analysis of the text of the decision, and should also draw from two scholarly
secondary sources obtained through the Ashford University library.
6. Week 4
The New Deal. Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal greatly expanded the federal
government’s role in the country’s domestic and economic affairs, which led to a long-
running constitutional crisis in the 1930s that remains controversial to this day.
Although the Supreme Court threw out several New Deal programs, others survived
and laid the foundation for later developments over the next three decades.
Assess the New Deal as a revolution in constitutionalism. How did the New Deal’s
supporters justify the constitutionality of its programs? What objections did opponents
of the New Deal raise? How and why did the Supreme Court’s stance on the New Deal
change over time? How did Roosevelt’s successors expand on the New Deal and what
might explain why these later measures generally encountered less resistance than the
New Deal itself?
Summarizing your responses to the questions above, did the New Deal represent a
revolution in understandings of and practices under the Constitution? If so, was this
development beneficial or detrimental to the American people?
The Bill of Rights. After the Preamble, The Bill of Rights is probably the most famous
section of the Constitution, but is often imperfectly understood. For instance, the Bill of
Rights initially served only to limit the actions of the federal government, and did not
protect citizens from the actions of state governments (as affirmed in the 1833
Supreme Court case of Barron v. Baltimore). Moreover, many rights that Americans
take for granted—such as voting—do not appear in the Bill of Rights, and many other
rights were not fully articulated or protected until the mid-twentieth century.
Review the Constitution generally, and the Bill of Rights specifically, and explain how
and why understandings of citizens’ rights changed in the mid-twentieth century.
What rights did the Constitution, as originally written (i.e., before the addition of the
Bill of Rights), protect? What rights did the Bill of Rights add? How did the Fourteenth
Amendment and the process of incorporation change the nature of the Bill of Rights?
What new rights would be added from the 1950s through the 1970s?
Week 5
Conservative Constitutionalism. Historians sometimes speak of the “Reagan
Revolution” that occurred after Ronald Reagan became president in 1981. This
revolution represented a conservative backlash against the liberalism of the first half of
the twentieth century, and arguably continues to set the tone of political debate in the
country today. Identify the key ideological components of the conservative
constitutionalism associated with the Reagan Era and the Rehnquist Court. In practice,
7. how did conservative constitutionalism affect American politics and the American
government? Has the influence of conservative constitutionalism increased or declined
in the decades since Reagan left office?
When completing this assignment, draw from two of the following documents:
George H. W. Bush: Address before a joint session of the Congress on the state of the
Union, January 28, 1992
George W. Bush: Address before a joint session of the Congress on the state of the
Union, January 23, 2007
William J. Clinton: Inaugural address, January 20, 1997
Barack Obama: Inaugural address, January 20, 2009
Ronald Reagan: Inaugural address, January 20, 1981
Contract with America: 1994
Expansion of Executive Power. Classical republican philosophy warned against the
expansion of executive power, and throughout U.S. history, critics have assailed
presidents—from Washington, to Jackson, to Lincoln, and beyond—for allegedly abusing
their power in tyrannical ways. These fears arguably peaked during the Cold War, when
foreign policy, a matter often delegated to the executive, expanded exponentially in
importance. By the 1970s, some Americans feared that their country was being run by,
in the words of historian Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., an “imperial presidency” (i.e., a
presidency which held itself above the rule of law). Review the Constitution’s provisions
regarding executive powers, particularly with regard to foreign affairs, along with the
checks which the Constitution places on those powers.
How did the power of the executive expand during the second half of the twentieth
century? How did Congress and the judiciary respond to this expansion of executive
power? In what ways did they resist, and in what instances did they acquiesce to it?
Has a new “imperial presidency” emerged in the wake of the attacks of September 11,
2001?
When responding to these questions, refer to material from one of the following videos:
Constant combatants: The president and congress – A Fred Friendly seminar
Expanding power
Contemporary life v. the Constitution
8. Final Paper
From the time the Constitution was ratified, Americans have disagreed over its meaning
and the extent of the powers it gave to different branches and reserved to the states
and the people. Since the Constitution took effect, it has been amended several times
and, just as importantly, interpretations of the Constitution have changed over time.
For this assignment, examine the history of one constitutional issue in depth and
explain how, and why, understandings of, and approaches to, the issue have changed
over from colonial times through the present. Develop an argument about how, in your
informed opinion, the constitutional issue should be interpreted. Justify your position
with reference to the Constitution itself, the history of the issue under consideration,
and the stance adopted on the issue by significant
constitutional interpretations, past and present. In the paper, you should identify key
events and documents related to the event, including momentous historical
controversies, major Supreme Court cases, and significant political developments.
Conclude the paper by generating an argument for how the issue should be interpreted.
For this assignment, chose from one of the following issues:
Executive power
Definitions of citizenship and citizen’s rights
Relationship between state and federal governments
Role of the judiciary
Foreign affairs