about play and its type

1. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF NURSING
SPMC,AGH,BIKANER
A PRESENTATION
ON
PLAY
SUBMITTED TO : SUBMITTED BY :
Ravinder Kumar
HOD Pediatrics M.Sc Nsg 1st
year
GCON , Bikaner Batch : 2018-20

2. INTRODUCTION
Play is universal for all children.
It is pleasurable and enjoyable aspect of child’s life
and essential to promote Growth and
Development.
Just as the adults works , so does the child play ; it
is the business of the child.
Play is an activity that has no serious motive and
from which there is no material gain.
DEFINITION
Acc to Susanna Millar's The Psychologyof Play
“any purposeful mental or physical activity
performed either individually or group-wise in
leisure time or at work for enjoyment, relaxation,
and satisfaction of real-time or long term needs.”
Acc to National Playing Fields Association (NPFA),
“play is freely chosen, personally directed,
intrinsically motivated behaviour that actively
engages the child.” This definition focuses more on
the child's freedom of choice and personal
motivation related to an activity.

3. IMPORTANCE OF PLAY
Play help in development of children in various aspect
i.e. physical, intellectual or educational, emotional ,
moral and social.
1.Physical Development
Muscular and Sensory abilities developed at the
time of running , climbimg , riding cycle and in
other active play.
These activities help to strengthen muscle and to
learn co-ordinated movements and skills.
2.Intellectual and Educational Development
It promotes during play.
Children learn colour,size,shape,number,distance,
height,speed,name of the object etc.
Creative activity,problem solving,abstract thinking,
Imagination,communicationand speech
development occurs during play.
Children can make difference of reality and fantasy
through play.

4. 3.Emotional Development
Children express their fear,anxiety,anger,joy etc
during play.
It reduces stress and strain and removes irritability
and destructiveness, thus enhance the coping
abilities.
It help to communicate with others and outside
world.
Play acts as outlet of negative feeling and
considered as safety valve to release emotional
tension and reduce emotional trauma.
Play help in Socialization.
Play help in improving social relation relationship
and working capacity with other people.
4.Moral Development
Children learns morality from parents,teachers
and other adults.
During play with peers , child’s behaviour will
reflect the right and wrong things,honesty,
sportsmanshipand value system.
They learns norms of moral behaviour and
responsibility.
They learn sex role behaviour in play.

5. TYPES OF PLAY
Parten's stages of play
Stages of play is a theory and classification of children's
participation in play developed by Mildred Parten
Newhall in her 1929 dissertation.
1.UNOCCUPIED PLAY:
when the child is not playing, just observing.
 A child may be standing in one spot or performing
random movements.Atthis stage baby is just making
a lot of movements with their arms, legs, hands,
feet, etc. They are learning about and discovering
how their body moves.

6. 2.SOLITARY PLAY:
when the child is alone and maintains focus on its
activity.
Such a child is uninterested in or is unaware of
what others are doing.
More common in younger children (age 2–3) as
opposed to older ones.
3.ONLOOKER PLAY:
when the child watches others at play but does
not engage in it.

7.  The child may engage in forms of social
interaction, such as conversation about the play,
without actually joining in the activity.
 This type of activity is also more common in
younger children.
4.PARALLEL PLAY:
It is an independent play activity when the childs
play alongside other children but not with them.
They play similar/identical play as other children
play nearby.
Toddlers typically play in this manner.

8. 5.ASSOCIATIVE PLAY:
When a child starts to interact with others during
play, but there is not a large amount of interaction
at this stage.
 A child might be doing an activity related to the
kids around him, but might not actually be
interacting with another child.
 For example, kids might all be playing on the same
piece of playground equipment but all doing
different things like climbing, swinging, etc.
6.CO-OPERATIVE PLAY:
When a child plays together with others and has
interest in both the activity and other children
involved in playing they are participating in
cooperative play.
Commonly found in preschool and school
children.