This document provides an overview of a lecture on river valley development projects and water resource planning projects. It discusses multipurpose river valley projects, which aim to meet multiple objectives like irrigation, electricity, flood control, and more. The key steps in planning such projects are stated as preparing inventories, collecting data, formulating projects and alternatives, evaluating projects, and considering environmental impacts. Functional requirements, merits and demerits of multipurpose projects are outlined. Methods of estimating benefit-cost ratios are also summarized. The Sardar Sarovar Dam project is presented as a case study of one of India's most productive multipurpose projects.

1. Topic of Lecture:
River Valley Development Project
&
Planning of Water Resource Development Projects
Prepared by:
Prof. Darshan J Mehta
Assistant Professor,
Civil Engineering Department,
Dr. S. & S. S. Ghandhy Government Engineering College, Surat 1
Subject: Water Resources Planning [3723303]
Dr. S & S. S. Ghandhy Government Engineering College,
Surat
9-Jul-20

2. Outline
• Multipurpose Projects
• Role of Multipurpose Projects
• Planning Of Multipurpose Projects
• Functional Requirements of Multipurpose Projects
• Merits & Demerits of Multipurpose Projects
• Estimation of Benefit Cost Ratio
• Case Study: Sardar Sarovar Dam
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3. • Planning of Multi-purpose River Project represents the integrated
construction of two or more projects, each having a particular purpose or
function.
Multipurpose Projects
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4. • Water is essential for sustenance of all forms of life on earth. It is not
evenly distributed all over the world and even its availability at the same
locations is not uniform over the year.
• The River valley projects which are constructed to meet several objectives
simultaneously or tackle various problems associated with river valleys in
an integrated manner.
• The basic motive behind the construction of multipurpose river valley
projects in India is to meet the critical requirements of irrigation for
agriculture, electricity for industries and flood control.
Introduction :
Multipurpose River Valley Projects
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5. Role of Multipurpose River Valley Projects
• Reduce the threat of seasonal floods and bolster local economies.
• Aim to integrate agricultural development with the local economy through rapid
industrialization and growth.
• Irrigation for agriculture and electricity for industries
• Provide water for irrigation to towns, improve navigation, create habitats for fish
and wildlife and generate hydroelectric power for industrial purposes.
• The development of transportation facilities
• The creation of hydroelectric power.
• Economic self-sufficiency and improve the standard of living for citizens.
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6. Planning of Multipurpose Projects
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• Statement of Objectives
• Preparing Inventory of available resources
• Collection of Data
• Future Projection
• Project Formulation
• Project Evaluation
• Environmental Condition

7. Statement of Objectives
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• Increased agricultural production
• Industrial development
• Improving the living standard of the people
• Social Stability

8. Preparing Inventory of available resources
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• Water Resources
• Water Quality
• Land Resources
• Human Resources
• Means of Communications
• Financial Resources

9. Collection of Data
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GENERAL DATA
• Physical Data
• Hydrological Data
• Geographical Data
• Cartographic Data
• Ecological Data
• Legal Data
• Demographic Data
• Economic Data
• Data on public opinion
• Data on existing data

10. Collection of Data
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SPECIAL DATA
• Agricultural Data
• Water Supply Data
• Navigation Data
• Flood Control Data
• Hydropower Generation Data
• Pollution Control Data
• Fish and Wildlife Data
• Recreation and Tourism Data

11. Project for Future Planning
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• Any project to be taken in hand should ne designed to serve not only or the present
need but also to serve for future needs for a period of at least 25 years.
• The historical and collected data (current) for project planning should be serve as a
base for future projection condition.
• All project must be plan to meet the future requirements.

12. Project Formulation
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• After collection of basic data and evaluation future needs is completed actual
formulation of the project commence.
• This is a phase of planning where skill and imagination is required.
• Now, important step is compilation of a comprehensive list of alternatives. At the time
of compilation following steps are involved:
1) Define the boundary conditions
2) List all possible land use planning and their water requirements
3) List all possible projects
4) Prepare preliminary design and cost estimates for the projects
5) Estimates the benefits for all projects
6) Reject the projects which are no economical
7) Select 2/3rd combination which can give maximum return for detail study and
select final alternative
8) Prepare detailed report on final alternative which show costs, benefits, etc.

13. Project Evaluation
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• The selection of most economical alternative from the various
alternatives known as Project Evaluation.
• For economic evaluation data on benefits and cost are collected.
• Economically Independent unit
• Physically Independent Unit

14. • A complete environmental impact assessment should be conducted before the
project is considered for clearance, and the results of the analysis should be
used to judge the viability and desirability of the project
• If the project is considered viable and desirable on social, economic,
environmental, and technical grounds, it is necessary to take preventive
measures related to the negative environmental impacts.
• This requires the formulation of precise and comprehensive work-plans, and
their implementation.
• At this stage it may even be necessary to redesign the project, if environmental,
social, or economic imperatives demand it.
Environmental Considerations :
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15. Functional Requirement of Multi-Purpose
Projects
• Irrigation Facility
• Flood Control
• Generating Electricity
• Navigation
• Forests and Fisheries
• Drinking Water
• Development of Industry and Employment Generation
• Recreation
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16. Demerits of Multi-Purpose Projects
• Exaggerated Benefits on Irrigation
• Higher Cost of Hydropower
• Least Flood Control Benefit
• Adverse Environmental Impact
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17. Benefit Cost Ratio
• The benefit cost ratio is the ratio of annual benefits to the annual cost
• In India, the project is economical viable whose benefit cost ratio is greater
than unity.
• For Irrigation purpose this ratio is generally 1.5 and for flood control this ratio
is 1.10.
Annual Cost
• It is the summation of Annual Recovery cost and Recurring cost.
• Capital Cost – Expenditure done at the time of construction of a project.
• Recurring cost – Expenditure done on operation and maintenance of the project
during life span,
Estimation of Benefit Cost Ratio
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18. Annual Benefits
• Benefits that are likely to be occur due to construction of project which should
fairly estimated.
• If there is an single purpose project it is easier to calculate those benefits for
multipurpose project.
• Damage data in India are generally collected from revenue department but it is
very difficult job to obtain such huge data.
Annual Cost
• It is the summation of Annual Recovery cost and Recurring cost.
• Capital Cost – Expenditure done at the time of construction of a project.
• Recurring cost – Expenditure done on operation and maintenance of the project
during life span,
Estimation of Benefit Cost Ratio
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19. • Direct Cost
• Indirect Cost
Types of Cost
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Types of Benefits
• Direct Benefits
• Indirect Benefits
• Tangible Benefits
• Intangible Benefits

20. India's One of the Most Productive
Multipurpose Projects
Sardar Sarovar Dam
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21. • One of the most controversial and protested government schemes .
• Approved by “Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal” in 1978 which included 30
large dams, 135 medium dams, and 3,000 small dams.
• Initially, started at small level but later in 1985 the World Bank agreed to
finance.
• Estimated that project will irrigate more than 18,000 km2, most of it in drought
prone areas of Kutch and Saurashtra
Narmada Valley Development Project
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22. Narmada Valley Development Project
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23. • Location : Sardar Sarovar Dam, Near Navagam, Gujarat.
• Coordinates : 21°49′49″n 73°44′50″e
• Type of dam : gravity dam
• Proposed height of Sardar Sarovar dam: 163metres
• Reservoir total capacity : 9.5 km3
• Catchment area : 88,000 km2
• Construction cost : ₹25 billion INR
• Dam's main power plant houses six 200 mw Francis pump
• Total installed capacity of the power : 1,450 MW.
Details of Sardar Sarovar Dam
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24. Sardar Sarovar Dam
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25. • Feed 20 million people, provide domestic and industrial water for about 30
million, employ about 1 million, and valuable electricity.
• Irrigate land spread over 12 districts, 62 talukas and 3393 villages in 'Gujarat'
and 730 km2 in the arid areas of 'Barmer' and 'Jalore' districts of Rajasthan
• Set against the futures of about 70,000 project affected people.
• The ratio of beneficiaries to affected persons 100:1.
• In 1987 after construction of dams the injustices of the government's
relocation program were exposed.
• Consequences: Laid the foundation of “Narmada Bachao Andolan”
Projected Benefits
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26. Thank You
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