Some basic of Pituitary gland structure and functions.

1. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
(Pituitary gland)
Mr N.JEGAN
Associate Professor
K.M.COLLEGE OF PHARMACY.
MADURAI.

2. Endocrine system
Glands
Group of cell secrete a
substance called Hormone.
Hormones
Hormones are chemical substance
that are secreted directly into blood. It
regulates the activity of cells or organ.

4. Types of Glands
Endocrine glands
Release substances directly into the
bloodstream or tissues of the body.
eg. Pituitary gland, Thyroid Gland
Exocrine glands
Release substances through ducts
like a structure.
Eg. Salivary gland, Sweating Gland

5. Types of Glands- Model
diagram

6. Major Endocrine Gland
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
parathyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Pancreas
Pineal gland
Thymus

8. Pituitary Gland
 Size-Pea size
 Location- Brain hypophyseal fossa and
below the hypothalamus.
 It controls the function of other glands and
is therefore sometimes called the
master gland.

9. Pituitary Gland- Structure

10.  Pituitary gland consisting of
1. Anterior pituitary gland
Its under “releasing
hormones” nervous control by
the hypothalamus.
2. posterior pituitary gland
Its under nervous control
by the hypothalamus .

11. Anterior pituitary gland-
Hormones
1. Growth Hormone
2. Thyroid-stimulating Hormone(TSH
3. Prolactin (PRL)
4. Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone(AC
5. Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)
6. Luteinising Hormone(LH)

12. Posterior pituitary gland-
Hormone
1. Oxytocin
2. Antidiuretic hormone
(ADH) or vasopressin

14. Anterior pituitary gland-Hormone
Functions
1.Growth Hormone
 It stimulates growth of body cells
particularly in the bones and
skeletal muscles.
 It also regulates the metabolism

15. Growth Hormone-Deficiency
Gigantism
 Excessive secretion
of Growth hormone.
 It is a condition
characterized by
excessive Height of
the Person.

16. Dwarfism
• Lower
secretion of
growth
hormone.
• The person
shorter than
normal.

17. Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone-
Function
 It regulate levels of the steroid hormone
released from the adrenal gland.

18. Thyroid-stimulating Hormone
Function
 It stimulates growth and activity of
the thyroid gland.

19. Prolactin -Function
 Prolactin is mainly used to help
women produce milk after childbirth.

20. Follicle stimulating hormone
It stimulates the growth of ovarian
follicles in the ovary in female.
Stimulate the secretion of estrogen.
Luteinizing Hormone
Stimulate ovulation and development of
the corpus luteum in ovary.
In male it stimulate production of
testosterone from testes.

21. Posterior pituitary gland-Hormone
Functions
Oxytocin
• It stimulate contraction of the uterus during
childbirth.
 It also stimulates contraction of the
myoepithelial
cells of breast to contract, ejecting milk.

22. Vasopressin or Antidiuretic
hormone (ADH)
 The main effect of vasopressin is to
reduce urine output.
 It increases the permeability of water in
nephrons of the kidneys , as a result the
reabsorption of water is increased.

23. THANKING YOU