Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development proposes that children progress through 4 stages of cognitive development - sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational - as their mental abilities advance from birth through adulthood. Each stage is characterized by discoveries and abilities that are appropriate to the child's age and experiences. Piaget's theory suggests that education should provide experiences tailored to students' developmental levels to effectively promote learning and transition between stages.

1. Discussant:
FELIZ A. TAYAO
DLSU-D COED GSB
1st Sem. 2015-2016
Jean Piaget’s
Stages of
Cognitive
Development
Abraham
Maslow’s
Hierarchy of
Needs

2. Jean Piaget
• was one of the 20th
century’s most influential
researchers in the area of developmental
psychology
• originally trained in the areas of biology and
philosophy and considered himself a generic
epistemologist
• wanted to know how children learned through
their development in the study of knowledge
• Based his theory on the idea that the developing
child builds cognitive structures.

3. Words to Remember
Illustration of Schema, Assimilation, & Accommodation (1).mp4

4. Cognition
• Latin, “cognoscere” which means “to
know” or “to recognize” or “to
conceptualize”
• mental processes an organism learns,
remembers, understands, perceives, &
solves problems

5. Cognitive Development
• describes how mental processes develop
from birth to adulthood
• the process by which people’s thinking
changes across the life span
• gradual, orderly, changes by which mental
processes become more complex and
sophisticated

6. Stages
1. Sensorimotor stage (years 0-2)
2. Preoperational stage (years 2-7)
3. Concrete operational stage (years 7-11)
4. Formal operational stage (years 11-adulthood)

7. Sensorimotor Stage
Sensorimotor: (birth to about age 2)
-During this time, the child is focused solely on sensation
and movement
-Infants are busy discovering relationships between their
bodies and the environment. Researchers have
discovered that infants have relatively well developed
sensory abilities. The child relies on seeing, touching,
sucking, feeling, and using their senses to learn things
about themselves and the environment.
• Sensory perceptions
• Motor activities
• Infant trying to make sense of
the world

8. Preoperational Stage
Egocentrism:
- The inability of the child
to view things from
another perspective
other than their own
Conservation:
- The awareness that
altering a substance’s
appearance does not
change its basic
properties
• Language Development
• Egocentrism
• Lack of conservation
• Increase in role playing
• Children will use their imagination (e.g: pretending
an old box is a house)

9. Preoperational Stage
Preoperational: (begins about the time the
child starts to talk to about age 7)
-During this stage, a child begins to use his
imagination, using symbols to represent
objects
-The preoperational stage is also where the
majority of language development occurs.
Language development, like almost
everything else, occurs in a defined, set order.

10. Concrete operational stage
ages: 7 to 11
• Use of logic
• Think logically of concrete events
• Difficulty understanding hypothetical concepts
• Elimination of egocentrism
• Concrete: (about first grade to early adolescence)
-During this stage, accommodation increases. The child
develops an ability to think abstractly and to make
rational judgments' about concrete or observable
phenomena.
-In teaching this child, giving him the opportunity to ask
questions and to explain things back to you allows him
to mentally manipulate information.

11. Example: a younger child would not understand
that a short fat glass and a tall skinny glass hold
the same amount. A child in the concrete
operational stage, however, realizes that pouring
liquid from a short glass into a tall one does not
change the volume. Or Finally, during this stage,
a child learns to classify things. He now
understands that he can live in both the US and
California.

12. Formal
Operational
Stage
11 yrs to adulthood
• Formal Operations:
-This stage brings cognition to its final form. a
child uses logical, sophisticated thought in
hypothetical scenarios
-Teaching for the adolescent may be wide-
ranging because he'll be able to consider many
possibilities from several perspectives.
 Think about abstract
concepts
 Systematic Planning
 Deductive Reasoning
 Problem Solving

13. Application in the Education
(Student Services)
• Piaget’s theories are imbedded into the
school system in the sense that the
curriculum is based on his stage theory.
• The curriculum is designed to teach
students at the first stage and
progressively teach new learning to
change the schemas in order to move
students through each stage.

14. • Schools should provide specific
educational experience based on
children’s developmental level.
• Do not treat children as miniature adults;
they think and learn differently from adults
• Co-curricular activities have equal
importance as that of curricular
experiences in the cognitive development
of children
Application in the Education
(Student Services)

15. Suggested Student Services per
Stage
• Sensorimotor Stage
Play School (Day Care)
Toilet Training
Behavioral Formation
Feeding Program
Health Services
Discipline
Child Care
Playground

16. Preoperational Stage (2 to 7)
• Church/Chapel Service
• Canteen/Cafeteria
• Health
• Admissions
• Counseling
• School bus

17. Concrete operational stage
ages: 7 to 11
• Admissions
• Book Store
• Health and Dental
• Interest Groups
• Awards
• Counseling and
Discipline
• Libraries
• Records
• School Bus
• Campus Ministry

18. Formal Operational Stage
11 yrs. to adulthood
• Admissions
• Bookstore
• Interest
Groups
• Photocopying
• Dormitories
• Lockers
• Libraries
• Records
• Placement
• Health
• Galleries
• Awards
• Guidance,
Testing, and
Discipline

20. Bibliography
“PIAGET'S COGNITIVE STAGES”. Patient Teaching, Loose Leaf
Library
Springhouse Corporation (1990)
<http://honolulu.hawaii.edu/intranet/committees/FacDevCom/guidebk/t
eachtip/piaget.htm>
“Learning and Teaching Piaget’s developmental theory”. [On-line: UK]
10 February 2010
http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm
http://www.slideshare.net
http://en.wikipedia.org
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