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Similar to Phytotoxic activity of selected Medicinal and Aromatic plants (MAPs)
Similar to Phytotoxic activity of selected Medicinal and Aromatic plants (MAPs) (20)
Phytotoxic activity of selected Medicinal and Aromatic plants (MAPs)
- 1. Phytotoxic activity of selected Medicinal and Aromatic plants (MAPs) Provelengiou S.1, Gavriil E.1, Fanouriou E.1, Tarantilis P.2, Economou G.1 1 Agricultural University of Athens (A.U.A.), Department of Crop Science, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece. 2Agricultural University of Athens (A.U.A.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece. The species of the botanical genus Origanum and Corydothymus are widespread in the Mediterranean areas. Both plants produce hydrosols containing traces of bioactive essential oils. The aim of this study : Evaluation of the effectiveness of hydrosols (H) bioactivity extracted from two different MAPs: Origanum vulgare spp. hirtum (L.) (Fig. 1) and Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Reichenb. fil. (Fig.2) Fig. 3,4: Hydrodistillation, essential oil & hydrosols Fig. 5: GC-MS OBJECTIVES Fig. 1: Origanum vulgare spp. hirtum (L.) Fig. 2: Coridothymus capitatus (L.)MATERIALS AND METHODS 7th International Weed Science Congress (IWSS) 19-25 June 2016, Prague, Czech Republic. ID: 805 REFERENCES G. Economou , I. Travlos, A. Folinas & A. Karamanos 2007. “Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum) as allelopathic plant.” J. of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol.5 (1) : 348-351. DILUTION: The hydrosols and aqueous dilutions of: 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125% v/v were tested for their phytotoxicity on the weed: Lolium multiflorum Lam. and on the bioindicators: Avena sativa L., in Petri dishes and Lemna minor L. in screw cap vials . The applied quantity was 2 ml/replicate and 3 replicates were used per dilution. ORIGIN: The examined MAPs were originated from Ikaria, an island in the north Aegean sea and were cultivated in Agricultural University of Athens for six years. DISTILLATION: Air-dried parts (leaves and inflorescences) of the two studied MAP’ were subjected to hydrodistillation for 4 h by using a conventional Clevenger-type apparatus (Fig 3). The essential oil was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored (Fig 4). The existed essential oil in hydrosols was analyzed in GC-MS for qualitative and quantitative features.(Fig 5). Results from GC-MS of O. vulgare spp. hirtum (Fig. 6a) and Coridothymus capitatus (Fig. 6b) essential oil. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Estimating the Inhibitory Index (I 50%) based on dose response curves O. hirtum H appeared to be more phytotoxic compare to C. capitatus on L. multiflorum A. sativa. (Table 1.) The H of O. hirtum (Fig 7a) exhibited higher bioactivity even in lower concentrations on L. multiflorum, A. sativa and L. minor compared to C. capitatus H (Fig 7b). 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Fig. 6a Fig. 6b 1. p-cymene 2. γ –terpinene 3. Carvacrol 4. Caryophyllene Fig. 6a: Chromatograph of O. hirtum Fig. 6b: Chromatograph of C. capitatus Higher concentrations of both MAPs H prevented the seed germination and the seed radicle length, whereas lower concentrations amplified both physiological procedures when compared to control. The depolarization of L. minor was conducted faster in case of O. hirtum hydrosols (in 3 days) compared to C. capitatus (in 7 days). (Fig.8) The increasing interest to obtain alternative new herbicidal agents for weed control, the data showed that the MAPs have a great potential as “phytochemical pool”, due to their generalized environmentally acceptance as natural biodegradable compounds Fig. 7a,b: Effect of H of O. hirtum and C.capitatus on germination of L.multiflorum (7a) and A. sativa (7b) seeds. Fig. 7a Fig. 7b Tested species I 50% - Origanum hydrosol I 50% -Corydothymus hydrosol L. multiflorum 0.31 0.51 A. sativa 0.27 0.50 Table 1: I 50% of O. hirtum and C. capitatus hydrosols. Fig. 8: Depolarization of L. minor