Physiology of Synapse I Synapse types I Functional elements of synapse I Nervous System Physiology
This video will be about
1. Definition of synapse
2. Classification of synapse - anatomical, functional classification
3. Functional elements of synapse
4. Presynaptic axon terminal
5. Types of synaptic vesicles
6. Active zone
7. Components of active zone
8. Functions of active zone
9. Synaptic cleft
10. Postsynaptic membrane
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
Synaptic transmission types I Steps of chemical neurotransmission I Nervous S...HM Learnings
Synaptic transmission - types I Steps of chemical neurotransmission I Nervous System Physiology
This video will be about the following things:
1. Synatic transmission- Definition
2. Types of synaptic transmission
3. Process of electrical neurotransmission
4. Process of chemical neurotransmission
5. Difference between electrical and chemical neurotransmission
6. Steps of chemical neurotransmission
7. Synthesis of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides
8. Storage of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides
9. Synaptic vesicle proteins
10. Release of neurotransmitters
11. SNARE complex formation
12. Recycling of synaptic vesicle (exo-endocytic cycle)
13.Binding of neurotransmitters to postsynaptic receptors
14. Termination of action of released neurotransmitter
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
Synaptic transmission types I Steps of chemical neurotransmission I Nervous S...HM Learnings
Synaptic transmission - types I Steps of chemical neurotransmission I Nervous System Physiology
This video will be about the following things:
1. Synatic transmission- Definition
2. Types of synaptic transmission
3. Process of electrical neurotransmission
4. Process of chemical neurotransmission
5. Difference between electrical and chemical neurotransmission
6. Steps of chemical neurotransmission
7. Synthesis of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides
8. Storage of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides
9. Synaptic vesicle proteins
10. Release of neurotransmitters
11. SNARE complex formation
12. Recycling of synaptic vesicle (exo-endocytic cycle)
13.Binding of neurotransmitters to postsynaptic receptors
14. Termination of action of released neurotransmitter
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
Synapse – Greek word –synaptein. Syn –together; aptein –clasp.
Synapse – Clasping of hands (as in hand shaking between two friends).
Site of functional continuity (transneuronal junctional complex) between two neurons.
Why need of synapse?
Nervous system 3; Synapses and NeurotransmittersJames H. Workman
Lecture notes and diagrams for Anatomy and Physiology students describing / showing the connections between nerve cells (synapses) and how neurotransmitters work. Video of animation that shows how drugs affect neurotransmitters is included, although it will not show in slideshare.
They are produced when high-velocity electrons collide with the metal plates, thereby giving the energy as the X-Rays and themselves absorbed by the metal plate.
The X-Ray beam travels through the air and comes in contact with the body tissues, and produces an image on a metal film.
Soft tissue like organs and skin, cannot absorb the high-energy rays, and the beam passes through them.
Dense materials inside our bodies, like bones, absorb the radiation.he X-Rays properties are given below:
They have a shorter wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Requires high voltage to produce X-Rays.
They are used to capture the human skeleton defects.
They travel in a straight line and do not carry an electric charge with them.
They are capable of travelling in a vacuum.Medical science recognizes different types of X-Rays. A few important types of X-Rays are given in the points below.
Standard Computed Tomography
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder X-ray
Teeth and bones X-rays
Chest X-rays
Lungs X-rays
Abdomen X-rays
Synapse – Greek word –synaptein. Syn –together; aptein –clasp.
Synapse – Clasping of hands (as in hand shaking between two friends).
Site of functional continuity (transneuronal junctional complex) between two neurons.
Why need of synapse?
Nervous system 3; Synapses and NeurotransmittersJames H. Workman
Lecture notes and diagrams for Anatomy and Physiology students describing / showing the connections between nerve cells (synapses) and how neurotransmitters work. Video of animation that shows how drugs affect neurotransmitters is included, although it will not show in slideshare.
They are produced when high-velocity electrons collide with the metal plates, thereby giving the energy as the X-Rays and themselves absorbed by the metal plate.
The X-Ray beam travels through the air and comes in contact with the body tissues, and produces an image on a metal film.
Soft tissue like organs and skin, cannot absorb the high-energy rays, and the beam passes through them.
Dense materials inside our bodies, like bones, absorb the radiation.he X-Rays properties are given below:
They have a shorter wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Requires high voltage to produce X-Rays.
They are used to capture the human skeleton defects.
They travel in a straight line and do not carry an electric charge with them.
They are capable of travelling in a vacuum.Medical science recognizes different types of X-Rays. A few important types of X-Rays are given in the points below.
Standard Computed Tomography
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder X-ray
Teeth and bones X-rays
Chest X-rays
Lungs X-rays
Abdomen X-rays
Mechanism of Action & Functions of Thyroid Hormone I Endocrine Physiology HM Learnings
Mechanism of Action & Functions of Thyroid Hormone I Endocrine Physiology
This video will discuss about the following:
1. Mechanism of action of thyroid hormone
2. Functions of thyroid hormone
3. Calorigenic effect
4. Effect on cardiovascular system
5. Effect on nervous system
6. Effect on cholesterol metabolism
You can also watch the YouTube video of same on HM Learnings YouTube channel
Hormonal Regulation of Male Reproduction I Testosterone I Reproductive Physio...HM Learnings
Hormonal Regulation of Male Reproduction I Testosterone I Reproductive Physiology I
The slides will discuss about the following:
1. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-testicular axis
2. Why pulsatile secretion of GnRH?
3. Functions of testosterone
4. Mechanism of action of testosterone
5. Metabolism of testosterone
Also watch the YouTube video of same on HM Learning YouTube channel
Spermatogenesis Physiology I Spermatogenesis Vs oogenesis I Reproductive Phys...HM Learnings
Spermatogenesis Physiology I Spermatogenesis Vs oogenesis I Reproductive Physiology I
This video will discuss about the following:
1. Spermatogenesis- Definition
2. Definition of spermatocytogenesis and spermiogenesis
3. Steps of spermatogenesis
4. Spermiation
5. Difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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How Pulse oximeter works- Principle and Limitations I SpO2 I Respiratory Phys...HM Learnings
How Pulse oximeter works- Principle and Limitations I SpO2 I Respiratory Physiology I COVID
The slides will discuss about
1. Introduction
2. Principle of Pulse oximeter
3. Limitation of Pulse oximeter
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Pathophysiology of COVID-19 Part 2 (SARS CoV 2) I Hypoxia in COVID-19 I Coagu...HM Learnings
Pathophysiology of COVID-19 Part 2 (SARS CoV 2) I Hypoxia in COVID-19 I Coagulopathy & MODS I
The slides will be about the following:
1. Coagulopathy- intravascular microthrombi, pulmonary embolism & DVT
2. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
3. CT Scan of COVID-19 (Glass ground opacities)
4. Hypoxia in COVID-19
5. Causes and progression of hypoxia in COVID-19
6. Summary of COVID-19 pathophysiology
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Pathophysiology of COVID-19 Part 1 (SARS CoV 2) I Target cells of COVID 19 I ...HM Learnings
Pathophysiology of COVID-19 Part 1 (SARS CoV 2) I Target cells of COVID 19 I Coronavirus life cycle I
The slides will be about the following:
1. Introduction
2. Target cells of COVID
3. Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV - nasal cavity, upper respiratory tract, alveoli
Calcitonin- Physiological actions I Calcium homeostasis 3 I Endocrine Physiol...HM Learnings
Calcitonin- Physiological actions I Calcium homeostasis 3 I Endocrine Physiology
The slides will be about the following
1. Introduction
2. Stimulus of calcitonin secretion
3.Physiological actions
4. Mechanism of action of calcitonin
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Oogenesis and follicular development Part 2 I Endocrine Physiology IHM Learnings
Oogenesis and follicular development Part 2 I Endocrine Physiology I
The slides will be about:
1. Graafian follicle
2. Dominant follicle within the periovulatory period
3. Corpus luteum
SlideShare link of Oogenesis and follicular development Part 1I Endocrine Physiology I- https://www.slideshare.net/HMLearnings/oogenesis-and-follicular-development-part-1-i-endocrine-physiology-i
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
Oogenesis and follicular development Part 1 I Endocrine Physiology IHM Learnings
Oogenesis and follicular development Part 1 I Endocrine Physiology I
The slides will talk about
1. Introduction
2. Stages of follicular development
3. Primordial follicle
4. Preantral follicle (primary and secondary follicle)
5. Antral follicle
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Parathyroid hormone - Stimulus, Physiological actions, Regulation I Calcium homeostasis 2 I Endocrine Physiology
The slides will be about the following
1. Introduction
2. Stimulus of PTH secretion
3. Secretion of PTH
4. Mechanism of action of PTH
5. Physiological actions
6. Regulation of PTH secretion
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
Cortisol- Synthesis, Regulation, Physiological actions, Disorders I Adrenal I...HM Learnings
Cortisol- Synthesis, Regulation, Physiological actions, Disorders I Adrenal I Endocrine Physiology
This video will be about the following
1. Cortisol
2. Synthesis
3. Regulation
4. Mechanism of action
5. Physiological action
6. Clearance
7. Disorders
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Metabolic Syndrome- Pathophysiology, Treatment I Insulin Resistance Syndrome ...HM Learnings
Metabolic Syndrome- Pathophysiology, Treatment I Insulin Resistance Syndrome I Endocrine Physiology
The slides will discuss the following:
1. Definition of metabolic syndrome
2. Diagnosis
3. Causes
4. Pathophysiology
5. Consequences
6. Treatment
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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RBC Indices- MCV, MCH, MCHC II Blood PhysiologyHM Learnings
RBC Indices- MCV, MCH, MCHC II Blood Physiology
The slide will cover the following:
1. Introduction to RBC indices
2. Mean Corpuscular volume (MCV)
3. Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)
4. Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)
5. Color index (CI)
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Homeostasis I Negative and Positive Feedback Mechanism I Feedforward Mechanis...HM Learnings
Homeostasis I Negative and Positive Feedback Mechanism I Feedforward Mechanism I General Physiology I
The slide will be about :
1. Definition of homeostasis
2. What is internal environment ?
3. Why ECF is considered as an internal environment for cell ?
4. Homeostatic mechanism
5. Components of homeostatic mechanism
6. Feedback mechanism
7. Negative feedback mechanism
8. Positive feedback mechanism
9. Feedforward mechanism
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Cells of the Nervous System- Glial cells I Macroglia and Microglia I Nervous ...HM Learnings
Cells of the Nervous System- Glial cells I Macroglia and Microglia I Nervous System Physiology I
This video will be about
1. Types of cells in nervous system
2. Glial cells
3. Types of glial cells- macroglia and microglia
4. Oligodendrocytes
5. Schwann cells
6. Astrocytes
7. Ependyma cells
8. Microglia
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
You can also follow HM Learnings on facebook, instagram and twitter for daily updates
Diseases of Autonomic Nervous System I Autonomic Nervous System II Nervous Sy...HM Learnings
Diseases of Autonomic Nervous System I Autonomic Nervous System II Nervous System Physiology I
This video will cover the following topics:
1. Diseases of Sympathetic Nervous System
2. Horner Syndrome- Pathophysiology, Etiology, Clinical features
3. Raynaud Phenomenon- Pathophysiology, Clinical features
4. Diseases of the Parasympathetic Nervous System
5. Argyll Robertson Pupil- Pathophysiology, Clinical features
6. Adie tonic Pupil- Pathophysiology, Clinical features
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Autonomic neurotransmission and drugs affecting it II ANS Pharmacology II Ner...HM Learnings
Autonomic Neurotransmission & drugs affecting it II ANS Pharmacology II Nervous System Physiology II
This video will be about :
1. Cholinergic Neurotransmission- acetylcholine synthesis, its release and removal from synapse
2. Drugs affecting the cholinergic neurotransmission
3. Adrenergic neurotransmission- norepinephrine synthesis, its release and removal from synapse
4. Drugs affecting the adrenergic neurotransmission
5. Epinephrine synthesis
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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Autonomic Nervous System Physiology II Part 2 II Nervous System Physiology IIHM Learnings
Autonomic Nervous System Physiology II Part 2 II Nervous System Physiology II
The slide will discuss :
1. Difference between preganglionic and postganglionic neuron in parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system
2. Impulse transmission at autonomic junctions
3. Neurotransmitters at autonomic junctions
4. Acetylcholine receptors
5. Adrenergic receptors
6. Physiological actions of Parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system
7. Table showing the difference between somatomotor and autonomic nervous system
8. Table showing the difference between parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system
You can also watch the same topic on HM Learnings Youtube channel.
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How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
Physiology of Synapse II Synapse types II Functional Elements of Synapse II Nervous System Physiology II
1.
2. Synapse
• Junction where the presynaptic cell (neuron) terminates on the
postsynaptic cell (another neuron/ muscle/ gland).
• Formation of new synapses and synaptic modifications continue
throughout the life of an individual.
3. Types of Synapse
• According to the part of the neuron involved in synapse formation
1. axodendritic synapse e.g. cerebral and cerebellar cortex
2. axosomatic synapse e.g. basket cell of cerebellum
3. axoaxonal synapse e.g. presynaptic inhibition
4. dendrodendritic synapse e.g. granule cell (no axon) of olfactory bulb
form synapse with mitral cell, retina
4.
5. • According to the nature of transmission
1. Chemical transmission – release of neurotransmitters
2. Electrical transmission – gap junctions (retina, olfactory bulb,
hippocampus)
3. Conjoint transmission – partly electrical, partly chemical
• According to the number of neurons involved
1. One to one e.g. neuromuscular junction
2. One to many e.g. sympathetic system
3. Many to one e.g. CNS
6.
7. Functional elements of synapse
1. Presynaptic axon terminal and presynaptic membrane
2. Synaptic cleft
3. Postsynaptic membrane
8. Presynaptic axon terminal
• Mitochondria
• Synaptic vesicle – membrane enclosed
vesicles containing neurotransmitter
• Active zone
9. Types of Synaptic vesicle
1. Small vesicle with clear core- Acetylcholine, GABA, glutamate,
glycine
2. Small vesicle with dense core- norepinephrine, epinephrine,
dopamine (catecholamines)
3. Large vesicle with dense core- neuropeptides (substance P,
enkephalin, neuropeptide Y )
10. Active zone
• Active zone is a dense region of presynaptic terminal where synaptic
vesicles are concentrated, tethered to presynaptic membrane, some are
docked and primed and are in fusion ready state.
11. What does active zone consists of ?
• Cytoskeleton proteins that attach synaptic vesicle to the presynaptic
membrane (actin, myosin, tubulin, spectrin)
• Neural adhesion molecules like neurexin bind to its postsynaptic
component (neuroligin) for maintaining the matrix of synapse.
• Proteins involved in docking, priming and fusion of vesicle (SNARE
complex).
• Proteins involved in synaptic vesicle endocytosis (clathrin, dynamin).
• Contains voltage gated calcium channel.
12. Functions of active zone
• It ensures the orderly organization of synapse so that the
neurotransmitter release from presynaptic neurons occur in close
proximity to the postsynaptic density.
• It maintains the architecture of synapse.
• It ensures the release of neurotransmitter on arrival of action
potential.
13. Synaptic cleft
• It is the gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic membrane.
• It is about 20-40 nm in width.
14. Postsynaptic membrane
• Postsynaptic receptors are clustered in a thickening on the
postsynaptic membrane called as the postsynaptic density.
• Binding proteins (neuroligin) and enzymes are also present in
postsynaptic density.
