More COVID-19 cases continue to rise, and people are requested to be at home and self-quarantine. Aren't we less mobile and more isolated than before the pandemic?
Global Medical Cures™ | Elderly Everyday Guide - EXERCISE & PHYSICAL ACTIVITYGlobal Medical Cures™
Global Medical Cures™ | Elderly Everyday Guide - EXERCISE & PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Global Medical Cures™ | Elderly Everyday Guide - EXERCISE & PHYSICAL ACTIVITYGlobal Medical Cures™
Global Medical Cures™ | Elderly Everyday Guide - EXERCISE & PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
DISCLAIMER-
Global Medical Cures™ does not offer any medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or recommendations. Only your healthcare provider/physician can offer you information and recommendations for you to decide about your healthcare choices.
Physical activity recommendation during pregnancyUKK-instituutti
Feeling good during pregnancy
Weekly physical activity recommendation during pregnancy (uncomplicated pregnancy)
Read more about the recommendation during pregnancy: https://ukkinstituutti.fi/en/products-services/physical-activity-recommendations/physical-activity-recommendation-during-pregnancy/
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
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Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
3. • More COVID-19 cases continue to rise, and people are requested to be at home and self-quarantine. Aren't we less mobile
and more isolated than before the pandemic?
• This COVID-19 pandemic has, nonetheless, disrupted our daily routines significantly. It also results in the reduction of all
physical activities. According to a research study, there is a 28 per cent increase in every day sitting time with a rise in
unhealthy food consumption patterns.
• However, we should not allow it to ruin our fitness. It is time to maintain our physical fitness right now more than ever!
• This article explains the significance and benefits of physical fitness and exercise during this period. Moreover, we will
provide a few exercise tips to deal with this pandemic season more effectively.
4. Significance and benefits of physical fitness and exercise therapy during
the COVID-19
• Research indicates that physical inactivity due to pandemic scenarios is a significant risk factor for many physical health
issues followed by reduced life expectancy.
• A research study recommends that regular exercise can keep your physical functions intact and support metabolic
activities. Only then it is possible to fight the ongoing threats to our body by remaining physically fit.
• Research indicates that physical activities and exercise maintain your physical and psychological health. They also help our
body to manage diseases like hypertension, respiratory diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Exercises can
promote positive mental health as well.
• Acute respiratory distress syndrome is one of the significant causes of death among COVID-19 patients. Regular exercise
can significantly reduce the risk of this condition, according to the research.
5. Is there any research to back up the significance of workouts?
• A research study was carried out to determine the effect of regular fitness workouts at home during the lockdown period
through semi-structured telephone interviews. This study was conducted on 22 adults who were working out in the gym
regularly before the pandemic.
The researchers found that the participants were undergoing the following issues during the initial stage of lockdown:
• Lack of motivation for exercise
• Negative perception
• Overdependence on social media
• Psychological health issues
Later, these participants experienced a gradual improvement in positive motivation and self-perception. They started
continuing fitness exercises at home instead of depending on gym equipment. They play music while working out at home.
All these factors helped them to manage their psychological issues.
6. What are the types of physical activities?
There are two types of physical activities:
• Moderate intensity activities
• Vigorous-intensity activities
7. • Moderate-intensity activities include weight training, brisk walking, hiking, cycling on ground level, and skating. In these
exercises, you will be starting to sweat and breathe faster. You can talk in entire sentences but unable to sing.
• Vigorous-intensity activities include skipping, jogging, aerobics, and fast cycling on hills. In these exercises, you will be
sweating hard and become breathless. You cannot talk in entire sentences as you are working hard.
• A 2019 review article in the Journal of Sports and Health Science revealed the positive effect of moderate to vigorous
exercise. Less than 60 minutes of exercise plays a vital role in improving your immunity.
8. What does WHO recommend?
• The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity or 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity, or a combination of both per week.
• However, do not forget to include warm-up time and cool down time into your workout schedule.
• To stay active at home, the WHO has provided a detailed age-wise workout schedule as listed below:
• For children under five years of age
Practice throwing, kicking, catching, jumping, and skipping to develop balance and posture.
9. For children and adolescents (age 5-17 years)
• Play board games like chess or outdoor games like badminton with your family members.
• Practice throwing, kicking, catching to develop balance and posture.
• Join in a virtual physical education class suitable for your age and work out regularly.
• Practice muscle-strengthening activities by lifting weights. Do sit-ups, press-ups, as well as squats at regular intervals.
10. For adults (aged 17 years and older):
• Engage in home-based exercises such as endurance training, balance and flexibility exercises, and aerobic activities.
• Practice yoga to reduce anxiety, depression, and stress and improve the quality of sleep. Relax by taking a deep breath so
that you can remain calm. Improving breathing time was equally essential to prepare your lungs for more oxygen intake.
• Reduce long hours of sitting. Take a brief 3–5-minute break for every 20-30 minutes.
• Do household chores like gardening, wiping the room surfaces, scrubbing the sink, and vacuuming the rooms.
• Join in a virtual exercise class and work out to psychologically feel that you are in the gym.
• Practice muscle-strengthening activities by lifting weights. Do sit-ups, press-ups, as well as squats at regular intervals.
11. Home-based exercises recommended by WHO/Europe
Here is the list of home-based exercises recommended by WHO/Europe to deal with this pandemic season:
1. Knee to elbow exercise to improve your breathing rate and heart's condition.
2. Plank exercise to strengthen your arms, legs, and belly.
3. Back extensions to strengthen your back.
4. Squat exercise to strengthen your glutes and legs.
5. Side knee lifts to improve your breathing rate and heart’s condition.
6. Superman exercise to strengthen your glutes, back muscles, and belly.
7. Bridge exercise to strengthen your glutes.
8. Chair dips to strengthen your triceps muscles.
9. Chest opener exercise to stretch your shoulders and chest.
10. Child's pose to stretch your shoulders, back, and sides of your body.
11. Legs up the wall to relax and de-stress
12. The Upshot?
• It isn't easy to perform your favorite forms of exercise at home.
• You are bound to feel frustrated! But do not put yourself down.
• Keep motivating yourself and try new workouts until you enjoy them to the core.
• Focus on how you can improve yourself in a positive manner instead of being depressed.
• Moreover, think that you have got an opportunity to build your healthy habits while being at home.
• Hence, keep in mind that whatever healthy habits you build now will keep you happy and healthy even after this pandemic
era.
13. Contact us
• Website: https://medicastemcells.com/
• Contact us: https://medicastemcells.com/contact-us/