Phrasal verbs are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs which create meanings that are different from the original verb. Some examples of phrasal verbs provided are "run into" meaning to meet by chance and "run away" meaning to leave home. The document then provides several more phrasal verbs like "ask for", "carry on", "come across", "face up to", and "feel like" along with their meanings and examples of usage. It notes that the components of a phrasal verb cannot be separated in a sentence.