Photosyntasis oui
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1. The document discusses the history and mechanisms of photosynthesis, including its discovery by scientists from the 17th to 20th centuries. 2. It describes the two stages of photosynthesis - the light-dependent and light-independent reactions, as well as the structures and processes involved like the Calvin cycle. 3. The document also compares C3, C4, and CAM pathways, which differ in their initial carbon fixation steps and adaptations for maximizing photosynthesis under various conditions.
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Photosyntasis oui
- 3. 1.1. ((Jean Baptiste Van Helmont)
- 4. • • 2.2 = 1 1 = 28.4
- 5. . . 2191
- 8. • • •
- 9. 2
- 10. • • • 2
- 12. ...... .....
- 13. .. 2329
- 14. • •
- 16. 17 5. CO2 +
- 17. 6. (Nicolas Theodore de Saussure) + + CO2 100 g 150 g
- 18. •
- 20. CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 (Photosynthesis)
- 24. Sunlight minusSunlight minus absorbedabsorbed wavelengths orwavelengths or colors equals thecolors equals the The feathers of male cardinals are loaded with carotenoid pigments. These pigments absorb some wavelengths of light and reflect others. Reflected light
- 26. Light Reflected light Absorbed light Transmitted light Chloroplast THE COLOROF LIGHT SEEN IS THE COLOR NOT ABSORBED
- 27. 9. (Van Niel)
- 29. • •
- 31. (Samuel Ruben and Martin Kamen)
- 32. • •
- 33. 11. (Robin Hill) 4Fe+3 + 4H2O Fe+2 +4H+ +O2+2H2O (Hill reaction
- 34. Fe+3 Fe+2 1 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate NADP+ NADP H+ H+ Hill’reaction photolysis
- 35. • (Fe3+) (Fe2+)
- 36. 12.
- 37. • •NADPH O2 • •NADP+ ADP+Pi • ADP+Pi ATP
- 38. CO2 ATP NADPH 12. CO2 + ATP + NADPH + H+ -----------> C6H12O6 + ADP + Pi + NADP+
- 39. 2 1. (light reaction) O2 ATP NADPH+H+ 2. COCO22(darkreaction COCO22 fixationfixation Calvin cycle ) ATP NADPH+H+
- 43. Stroma lamella
- 45. 2 5 2 1-2 CO2
- 48. ชชชช ชชช ชชชชชช ชชชชช ชชชชช ชชชชช a b c d ชชชชชช ชชชชช ชชชชชช ชชช ชชชชชชชชช ชชชชช ชชชชช a b c d กกกก กกกกกก กกก - - - - + - + - + กกกก + กกกกกก กกกกกก กกก + - - - + + กกกกกก กกกกกก + - - + + + กกกกกก กกก กกกกกก + - + - + - + -
- 50. 2
- 55. ADP+ NADPH
- 57. ATP NADPH
- 60. 2 1. non – cyclic electron transfer 2. cyclic electron transfer
- 62. Fd = Ferridoxin Pc = Plastocyanin photolysis NON-CYCLIC ELECTRON TRANSFER: ATP, NADPH
- 65. Cyclic e- transfer: ATP Fd = Ferridoxin Pc = Plastocyanin Pq = Plastoquinone
- 67. ((cyclic electroncyclic electron transfertransfer )) ((non-cyclic electronnon-cyclic electron transfertransfer )) 1. e- PSI 1. e- e- PSII 2. ATP 1 2. ATP 2 3. NADPH + H+ 3. NADPH + H+ 4. O2 4. O2 5. 1 5. 1 2 6. Photolysis 6. Photolysis 7. ATP 7. . ATP , NADPH + H + , O2
- 68. 86-87
- 69. (COCO22 fixationfixation Dark reaction Calvin cycle)(Melvin Calvin) CO2 H14 CO3- CO2 H14 CO3- NaHCO3
- 70. - 1 14 C ( C 3,C5,C6) ( C 3 = PGA ,C5 = RuBP,C6 = ) - 2 14 C 3 (PGA)
- 71. C 2 + CO2 = C3 (PGA) C2 C5 C C O O C
- 72. C 5 CO2 C6 RuBP( C5 C 1 (CO2 ) C3 PGA 2
- 73. The step of Calvin cycle 1. Carbon fixation 2. Reduction 3. Regeneration
- 78. 1. 2 PGAL 2 (6C)1 2. CO2 PGA 3C CO2 C3-pathway C-3
- 84. PhotorespirationPhotorespiration CO2 RuBP Rubisco RuBP CO2 O2 O2 RuBP RuBP 2 RuBP CO2 O2 CO2
- 86. - CO2 PGA C3 C3 - CO2 OAA C4 C4
- 87. C4 , , , , , , , C4 :
- 90. C3 • • C3 85 •
- 91. C4 1,500
- 94. C4 plant leaf
- 97. - CO2 2 1. mesophyll 2. bundle sheath cell - OAA - PEP carboxylase
- 98. C4 plant
- 99. C3 C4 1. 2. 3. 4. CO2 1 2 5. CO2 RuBP PEP (), RuBP (2) 6. CO2 () () 7. CO2 PGA (3 C) OAA (4 C) C3 C4
- 100. C3 C4 8. CO2 RuBP Carboxylase oxygenase (Rubiso) PEP carboxylase ( ) Rubisco () 9. 10. 11. CO2 CO2 1 CO2 1 12.
- 101. CAMplant CAM:Crussulacean Acid Metabolism plants CO2 CAM 50 – 100 CO2 C4 C3 250 – 300 400 – 500
- 102. CAM (Crussulaceae Acid Metabolism) : , , , , ,
- 104. เเเเเเเ เเเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเ เเเเเเเ เ เเเเเเเเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเเเเเเ เเเเเเเเเเเเ PEP
- 107. ลลลลลล ลลล C3 ลลล C4 ลลล CAM เเเเเเเ เเเเเเ เเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเเเเ เเเเเ เเเเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเ เเเเเ เเเเเเเเเ เเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเ เเเเเเเ เเเเเเ เเเเเ เเเเ CO2 (Carboxyla tion) เเเเเเเ เเเเเ เเเเเ (C3 Pathway) เเเ PEP เเเเเเเเเ เเเ (C4 Pathway)เเเ เเเเเเเเ เเเเเเเเ เเ C3 Pathway เเเเเเ เเเ PEP เเเเเเเ เเเเเ(C4 Pathway)เเ เเเเเเเเ เเเเเเเเ เเ(C3 Pathway)เเ เเเเเเเเ C3 C4 C
- 108. CO2 3
- 109. CO2 CAM CAM CO2 PEP CO2 OAA CO2
- 110. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
- 111. 1.
- 112. Light compensation point ( ) CO2 ( = ) Light saturation point ( )
- 113. 3
- 114. 2. COCO22 33
- 115. CO2 compensation point ( CO2 ) CO2 ( = ) CO2 saturation point ( CO2 ) CO2
- 116. 3. 10-35
- 117. 1. CO2 2. 3. 3.
- 118. 1. 2. 3. 4.
- 119. 5.
- 120. 6. 1. Mg N (Chlorosis) 2. Fe 3. Mn Cl
- 121. 1. 2. 3. 4.
- 122. 1. 2. 3.
- 123. 1. 2.