A handbook for beginners who want to learn Photoshop. This handbook contains details about some tools, shortcuts, layout, interface and some photo editing steps.

1. ADOBE
PHOTOSHOP
THE HANDBOOK
ADOBE
PHOTOSHOP
THE HANDBOOK
ADOBE
PHOTOSHOP
THE HANDBOOK

2. 2
CONTENTS
Page No.
Introduction 3
Concept of Layers 4
Shortcuts 6
The Tools 7
Managing Layers 9
Merging Layers 11
Resizing Images 12
Correcting Images 15
Removing Watermarks 17
Prepared by
Niraj Agarwal
niraj.k.agarwal93@gmail.com

3. 3
INTRODUCTION
Photoshop (Ps) is a product by Adobe and it is an amazing software engineering marvel.
It began as a Image Editing software and later improved to include in Web Designing,
Animation and many more. As of now, Adobe Photoshop comes under the Creative
Cloud(CC) umbrella of Adobe along with a variety of other products. Photoshop is
actually a paid software and not open source. An open source alternative for Photoshop
is GIMP, which uses the same basic concepts of Photoshop. So once you get a good
understanding of Photoshop you can try a hand at GIMP too.
Currently the version of the product in use and the one we are showing you is Adobe
Photoshop CC 2015. Adobe has completed 25 years of Photoshop in the year 2015 and
they released the CC version pertaining to it.
The interface of Photoshop looks like this.
3
INTRODUCTION
Photoshop (Ps) is a product by Adobe and it is an amazing software engineering marvel.
It began as a Image Editing software and later improved to include in Web Designing,
Animation and many more. As of now, Adobe Photoshop comes under the Creative
Cloud(CC) umbrella of Adobe along with a variety of other products. Photoshop is
actually a paid software and not open source. An open source alternative for Photoshop
is GIMP, which uses the same basic concepts of Photoshop. So once you get a good
understanding of Photoshop you can try a hand at GIMP too.
Currently the version of the product in use and the one we are showing you is Adobe
Photoshop CC 2015. Adobe has completed 25 years of Photoshop in the year 2015 and
they released the CC version pertaining to it.
The interface of Photoshop looks like this.
3
INTRODUCTION
Photoshop (Ps) is a product by Adobe and it is an amazing software engineering marvel.
It began as a Image Editing software and later improved to include in Web Designing,
Animation and many more. As of now, Adobe Photoshop comes under the Creative
Cloud(CC) umbrella of Adobe along with a variety of other products. Photoshop is
actually a paid software and not open source. An open source alternative for Photoshop
is GIMP, which uses the same basic concepts of Photoshop. So once you get a good
understanding of Photoshop you can try a hand at GIMP too.
Currently the version of the product in use and the one we are showing you is Adobe
Photoshop CC 2015. Adobe has completed 25 years of Photoshop in the year 2015 and
they released the CC version pertaining to it.
The interface of Photoshop looks like this.

4. 4
CONCEPT OF LAYERS
In Photoshop every element on the page is a layer. Imagine the page to be a drawing
sheet. Then every text, image, line or shape that you place on it is a layer. Going in terms
of programming, for OOPs we have everything in form of an object, similarly, here
everything is in form of layers. Working in layers is easy than working on the entire
content at once. Imagine there are 4 images and all are joined together. If we are
working on one image, there are chances that other will be affected. So its better to
keep them seperated while working. Layers are placed one on top of the other, this
order can be changed in the Layers Palette.
The Layer Palette
Layer Filter: This enables you to hide layers based on different things. Makes it easier to
find the layers that you want to work with.
Opacity: 0= transparent 100 = fully opaque. press number keys on keyboard to instantly
set to multiples of 10, or adjust the slider for an exact amount of transparency on each
layer.
Blend Modes: Change these to change the way that the selected layer blends with the
layers underneath it. Great for compositing and special effects. (With the move tool
selected, press Shift+ or Shift- to cycle through blending modes.
4
CONCEPT OF LAYERS
In Photoshop every element on the page is a layer. Imagine the page to be a drawing
sheet. Then every text, image, line or shape that you place on it is a layer. Going in terms
of programming, for OOPs we have everything in form of an object, similarly, here
everything is in form of layers. Working in layers is easy than working on the entire
content at once. Imagine there are 4 images and all are joined together. If we are
working on one image, there are chances that other will be affected. So its better to
keep them seperated while working. Layers are placed one on top of the other, this
order can be changed in the Layers Palette.
The Layer Palette
Layer Filter: This enables you to hide layers based on different things. Makes it easier to
find the layers that you want to work with.
Opacity: 0= transparent 100 = fully opaque. press number keys on keyboard to instantly
set to multiples of 10, or adjust the slider for an exact amount of transparency on each
layer.
Blend Modes: Change these to change the way that the selected layer blends with the
layers underneath it. Great for compositing and special effects. (With the move tool
selected, press Shift+ or Shift- to cycle through blending modes.
4
CONCEPT OF LAYERS
In Photoshop every element on the page is a layer. Imagine the page to be a drawing
sheet. Then every text, image, line or shape that you place on it is a layer. Going in terms
of programming, for OOPs we have everything in form of an object, similarly, here
everything is in form of layers. Working in layers is easy than working on the entire
content at once. Imagine there are 4 images and all are joined together. If we are
working on one image, there are chances that other will be affected. So its better to
keep them seperated while working. Layers are placed one on top of the other, this
order can be changed in the Layers Palette.
The Layer Palette
Layer Filter: This enables you to hide layers based on different things. Makes it easier to
find the layers that you want to work with.
Opacity: 0= transparent 100 = fully opaque. press number keys on keyboard to instantly
set to multiples of 10, or adjust the slider for an exact amount of transparency on each
layer.
Blend Modes: Change these to change the way that the selected layer blends with the
layers underneath it. Great for compositing and special effects. (With the move tool
selected, press Shift+ or Shift- to cycle through blending modes.

5. 5
Fill opacity: Adjusts the amount of opacity of the pixels only, but any layer styles are
unaffected and remain 100% opaque.
Visibility: If the eye is showing that layer is visible. Click on the eye and the layer will still
be there but invisible until you click on the eye again.
Locked: The padlock means that something is locked in the layer. (Also click in the 4
icons in the “lock” next to fill opacity to make certain things editable of locked). Here
are the different things that can be locked/unlocked.
Lock all: If the box is checked the layer is totally protected from any editing.
Lock Position: You can make any changes except for moving the image.
Lock Image pixels: You cannot draw on this layer if checked.
Lock transparent: You can paint on this layer but not where it is transparent.
Useful tools at the bottom of the panel
Link: Enabled you to link layers. These will all move together unless unlinked.
Layer Effects (Styles): Special effects applied to your image layer. Noted by the little f.
Each effect will be listed. multiple effects may be used at once.
Add Layer Mask: This is the button to press to add a layer mask to the currently
selected layer. Allows you to paint away parts of your layer without damaging your
original image.
Add Adjustment Layer: The best way to apply image adjustments. There can change
the color or tone of an image. All layers are affected underneath an adjustment layer
(Unless clipped). This is a good option to using Image>Adjustments because adjustment
layers are non-destructive and re editable.
Layer Groups: A good organizational tool. This puts layers into a folder. You can choose
multiple layers and press Cmd/Ctrl+G to put them in a group, or create a group by
clicking this icon. Layers can be dragged in or out of groups in the Layers panel.
Create New Layer: Press this icon to create a new layer. Drag an existing layer into this
icon to create a duplicate of that layer,
Delete Layer: Drag a layer into this icon to remove it. Or select the layer and then press
this icon to get the same result.
Panel Options: This will open a drop down menu that provides a number of options,
many that aren’t listed anywhere else.

6. 6
SOME USEFUL SHORTCUTS
 Ctrl & + : Zoom in
 Ctrl & - : Zoom out
 Ctrl + Alt + Z : Undo (Up to 50 changes)
 Ctrl + Shift + Z : Undo (Up to 50 changes)
 If you want to move a layer without selecting the move
tool, press Ctrl and drag the layer around
 When a layer is selected press the keyboard shortcuts of the
toolbar to work with the tools. Example, when a layer is
selected, press 'V' on the keyboard to make the layer
movable.(Move tool is selected).
 Ctrl + J : Duplicates the selected layer
 Ctrl + D : To unselect a selection
 For free transform of images, while resizing the image
press Ctrl, the resizing arrow will turn into a block arrow for
free transform
 While resizing, pressing the Shift key gives you uniform
sizing.
 Ctrl + Tab : To move between multiple tabs
 F : Makes the canvas full screen

7. 7
The Tools
MOVE TOOL (V)
The move tool simply lets you move
objects in a given layer around the
Photoshop canvas. To use it, click
anywhere on the canvas and drag. As
you drag, the Photoshop layer will
move with your mouse.
MARQUEE TOOL (M)
The marquee lets you select part of the
canvas in a specific shape. By default
you get a rectangular (or perfect
square if you hold down shift while
selecting), but you can also select in
the shape of an ellipse (or a perfect
circle if you hold down shift while
selecting).
CROP TOOL (C)
The crop tool is used to (surprise!)
crop your pictures. You can specify the
exact size and constrain the crop
tool to those proportions, or you can
just crop to any size you please.
PAINTBRUSH TOOL (B)
The paintbrush is a tool that emulates
a paintbrush and the pencil is a tool
that emulates a pencil. The
paintbrush, however, can be set to
many different kinds of brushes. You
can paint with standard paintbrush
and airbrush styles, or even paint with
leaves and other shapes as well
EYEDROPPER TOOL (I)
The eyedropper tool lets you click on
any part of the canvas and sample the
color at that exact point. The
eyedropper will change your
foreground color to whatever color it
sampled from the canvas.
MAGIC WAND (W)
Clicking an area with the magic wand
will tell Photoshop to select the spot
you clicked on and anything around it
that's similar. This tool can be used as
a crude way to remove backgrounds
from photos.
LASSO TOOL (L)
The lasso is a free-form selection tool
that lets you drag around the canvas
and select anything the lasso'd area
covers. Within this tool you also have
access to the polygonal lasso, which
lets ou create a selection by clicking
around on the canvas and creating
points, and the magnetic lasso, which
works the same as the
regular lasso but attempts to detect
edges for you and automatically snap
to them.
CLONE STAMP (S)
Like the healing brush, the clone
stamp lets you sample part of the
photograph and use it to paint over
another part. With the clone stamp,
however, that's it. Photoshop doesn't
do anything beyond painting one area
over a new area.
ERASER TOOL (E)
The erase tool is almost identical to
the paintbrush, except it erases instead
of paints.
PAINT CAN & GRADIENT TOOLS (G)
The paint can tool lets you fill in a
specific area with the current
foreground color. The gradient tool
will, by default, create a gradient that
blends the foreground and background
tool (though you can load and create
preset gradients as well, some of which
use than two colors).
TYPE TOOL (T)
The type tool lets you type
horizontally. Tools hidden beneath the
horizontal type tool will let you type
vertically and also create horizontal
and vertical text masks.
SHAPE TOOL (U)
The shape tool lets you create vector
rectangles, rounded rectangles, circles,
polygons, lines, and custom shapes.
These tools are very useful when
designing or when creating shape
masks for photos.
7
The Tools
MOVE TOOL (V)
The move tool simply lets you move
objects in a given layer around the
Photoshop canvas. To use it, click
anywhere on the canvas and drag. As
you drag, the Photoshop layer will
move with your mouse.
MARQUEE TOOL (M)
The marquee lets you select part of the
canvas in a specific shape. By default
you get a rectangular (or perfect
square if you hold down shift while
selecting), but you can also select in
the shape of an ellipse (or a perfect
circle if you hold down shift while
selecting).
CROP TOOL (C)
The crop tool is used to (surprise!)
crop your pictures. You can specify the
exact size and constrain the crop
tool to those proportions, or you can
just crop to any size you please.
PAINTBRUSH TOOL (B)
The paintbrush is a tool that emulates
a paintbrush and the pencil is a tool
that emulates a pencil. The
paintbrush, however, can be set to
many different kinds of brushes. You
can paint with standard paintbrush
and airbrush styles, or even paint with
leaves and other shapes as well
EYEDROPPER TOOL (I)
The eyedropper tool lets you click on
any part of the canvas and sample the
color at that exact point. The
eyedropper will change your
foreground color to whatever color it
sampled from the canvas.
MAGIC WAND (W)
Clicking an area with the magic wand
will tell Photoshop to select the spot
you clicked on and anything around it
that's similar. This tool can be used as
a crude way to remove backgrounds
from photos.
LASSO TOOL (L)
The lasso is a free-form selection tool
that lets you drag around the canvas
and select anything the lasso'd area
covers. Within this tool you also have
access to the polygonal lasso, which
lets ou create a selection by clicking
around on the canvas and creating
points, and the magnetic lasso, which
works the same as the
regular lasso but attempts to detect
edges for you and automatically snap
to them.
CLONE STAMP (S)
Like the healing brush, the clone
stamp lets you sample part of the
photograph and use it to paint over
another part. With the clone stamp,
however, that's it. Photoshop doesn't
do anything beyond painting one area
over a new area.
ERASER TOOL (E)
The erase tool is almost identical to
the paintbrush, except it erases instead
of paints.
PAINT CAN & GRADIENT TOOLS (G)
The paint can tool lets you fill in a
specific area with the current
foreground color. The gradient tool
will, by default, create a gradient that
blends the foreground and background
tool (though you can load and create
preset gradients as well, some of which
use than two colors).
TYPE TOOL (T)
The type tool lets you type
horizontally. Tools hidden beneath the
horizontal type tool will let you type
vertically and also create horizontal
and vertical text masks.
SHAPE TOOL (U)
The shape tool lets you create vector
rectangles, rounded rectangles, circles,
polygons, lines, and custom shapes.
These tools are very useful when
designing or when creating shape
masks for photos.
7
The Tools
MOVE TOOL (V)
The move tool simply lets you move
objects in a given layer around the
Photoshop canvas. To use it, click
anywhere on the canvas and drag. As
you drag, the Photoshop layer will
move with your mouse.
MARQUEE TOOL (M)
The marquee lets you select part of the
canvas in a specific shape. By default
you get a rectangular (or perfect
square if you hold down shift while
selecting), but you can also select in
the shape of an ellipse (or a perfect
circle if you hold down shift while
selecting).
CROP TOOL (C)
The crop tool is used to (surprise!)
crop your pictures. You can specify the
exact size and constrain the crop
tool to those proportions, or you can
just crop to any size you please.
PAINTBRUSH TOOL (B)
The paintbrush is a tool that emulates
a paintbrush and the pencil is a tool
that emulates a pencil. The
paintbrush, however, can be set to
many different kinds of brushes. You
can paint with standard paintbrush
and airbrush styles, or even paint with
leaves and other shapes as well
EYEDROPPER TOOL (I)
The eyedropper tool lets you click on
any part of the canvas and sample the
color at that exact point. The
eyedropper will change your
foreground color to whatever color it
sampled from the canvas.
MAGIC WAND (W)
Clicking an area with the magic wand
will tell Photoshop to select the spot
you clicked on and anything around it
that's similar. This tool can be used as
a crude way to remove backgrounds
from photos.
LASSO TOOL (L)
The lasso is a free-form selection tool
that lets you drag around the canvas
and select anything the lasso'd area
covers. Within this tool you also have
access to the polygonal lasso, which
lets ou create a selection by clicking
around on the canvas and creating
points, and the magnetic lasso, which
works the same as the
regular lasso but attempts to detect
edges for you and automatically snap
to them.
CLONE STAMP (S)
Like the healing brush, the clone
stamp lets you sample part of the
photograph and use it to paint over
another part. With the clone stamp,
however, that's it. Photoshop doesn't
do anything beyond painting one area
over a new area.
ERASER TOOL (E)
The erase tool is almost identical to
the paintbrush, except it erases instead
of paints.
PAINT CAN & GRADIENT TOOLS (G)
The paint can tool lets you fill in a
specific area with the current
foreground color. The gradient tool
will, by default, create a gradient that
blends the foreground and background
tool (though you can load and create
preset gradients as well, some of which
use than two colors).
TYPE TOOL (T)
The type tool lets you type
horizontally. Tools hidden beneath the
horizontal type tool will let you type
vertically and also create horizontal
and vertical text masks.
SHAPE TOOL (U)
The shape tool lets you create vector
rectangles, rounded rectangles, circles,
polygons, lines, and custom shapes.
These tools are very useful when
designing or when creating shape
masks for photos.

8. 8
Palettes
Palettes are the things that you see sitting over on the right side of your screen. They
make it easy for you to navigate through your document, add adjustments, switch
modes, and other things.
Layers
The layers palette lets you see all the layers in your document. As you start getting to
know Photoshop, you'll find yourself in this palette more than any other. It'll let you
organize and arrange your layers, set blending modes, set visibility and opacity of layers,
group and merge layers, and a bunch of other neat things we'll learn about in future
lessons.
Adjustments
Your adjustments panel is where you can easily create and edit adjustment layers.
Adjustment layers are non-destructive image alterations that affect all the layers below
them and can easily be turned on and off. Their most common use is for color
correction (namely the Levels and Curves adjustments, but there are many different
kinds of adjustments you can perform that can dramatically alter the look of your
image.
8
Palettes
Palettes are the things that you see sitting over on the right side of your screen. They
make it easy for you to navigate through your document, add adjustments, switch
modes, and other things.
Layers
The layers palette lets you see all the layers in your document. As you start getting to
know Photoshop, you'll find yourself in this palette more than any other. It'll let you
organize and arrange your layers, set blending modes, set visibility and opacity of layers,
group and merge layers, and a bunch of other neat things we'll learn about in future
lessons.
Adjustments
Your adjustments panel is where you can easily create and edit adjustment layers.
Adjustment layers are non-destructive image alterations that affect all the layers below
them and can easily be turned on and off. Their most common use is for color
correction (namely the Levels and Curves adjustments, but there are many different
kinds of adjustments you can perform that can dramatically alter the look of your
image.
8
Palettes
Palettes are the things that you see sitting over on the right side of your screen. They
make it easy for you to navigate through your document, add adjustments, switch
modes, and other things.
Layers
The layers palette lets you see all the layers in your document. As you start getting to
know Photoshop, you'll find yourself in this palette more than any other. It'll let you
organize and arrange your layers, set blending modes, set visibility and opacity of layers,
group and merge layers, and a bunch of other neat things we'll learn about in future
lessons.
Adjustments
Your adjustments panel is where you can easily create and edit adjustment layers.
Adjustment layers are non-destructive image alterations that affect all the layers below
them and can easily be turned on and off. Their most common use is for color
correction (namely the Levels and Curves adjustments, but there are many different
kinds of adjustments you can perform that can dramatically alter the look of your
image.

9. 9
Color Channels
The color channels palette will let you look at the specific colors that make up your
picture. If you're in RGB mode you'll get red, green, and blue. These color channels will
differ if you're in a different color space (such as CMYK or LAB). When you choose a
specific color, you'll notice you'll be shown your image in different versions of black and
white. This is because each color channel is simply a monochromatic images
representing the light in each channel (e.g. the red channel is just a look at the red light
in your photo). Switching between these different channels is useful for making color
channel-specific touch ups, overall contrast enhancements, and also for converting your
photo to black and white in a compelling way. This will be discussed in greater detail in a
later lesson about color correction and photo enhancements.
Text
The text palette, and the paragraph palette below it, let you make all sorts of
adjustments to any text you create with the type tool. These options are very similar to
what you'll find in a word processing, but you can also specify things like character
width and spacing which are more useful in design.
MANAGING LAYERS
Rename a layer or group
As you add layers to an image, it’s helpful to give them names that reflect their
content. Descriptive names make layers easy to identify in the panel.
Do one of the following:
 Double-click the layer name or group name in the Layers panel, and enter a new
name.
 Press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and double-click the layer (not its
name or thumbnail) in the Layers panel. Enter a new name in the Name text
box, and click OK.
 Select a layer or group, and choose Layer Properties or Group Properties from
the Layers menu or the Layers panel menu. Enter a new name in the Name text
box, and click OK.
9
Color Channels
The color channels palette will let you look at the specific colors that make up your
picture. If you're in RGB mode you'll get red, green, and blue. These color channels will
differ if you're in a different color space (such as CMYK or LAB). When you choose a
specific color, you'll notice you'll be shown your image in different versions of black and
white. This is because each color channel is simply a monochromatic images
representing the light in each channel (e.g. the red channel is just a look at the red light
in your photo). Switching between these different channels is useful for making color
channel-specific touch ups, overall contrast enhancements, and also for converting your
photo to black and white in a compelling way. This will be discussed in greater detail in a
later lesson about color correction and photo enhancements.
Text
The text palette, and the paragraph palette below it, let you make all sorts of
adjustments to any text you create with the type tool. These options are very similar to
what you'll find in a word processing, but you can also specify things like character
width and spacing which are more useful in design.
MANAGING LAYERS
Rename a layer or group
As you add layers to an image, it’s helpful to give them names that reflect their
content. Descriptive names make layers easy to identify in the panel.
Do one of the following:
 Double-click the layer name or group name in the Layers panel, and enter a new
name.
 Press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and double-click the layer (not its
name or thumbnail) in the Layers panel. Enter a new name in the Name text
box, and click OK.
 Select a layer or group, and choose Layer Properties or Group Properties from
the Layers menu or the Layers panel menu. Enter a new name in the Name text
box, and click OK.
9
Color Channels
The color channels palette will let you look at the specific colors that make up your
picture. If you're in RGB mode you'll get red, green, and blue. These color channels will
differ if you're in a different color space (such as CMYK or LAB). When you choose a
specific color, you'll notice you'll be shown your image in different versions of black and
white. This is because each color channel is simply a monochromatic images
representing the light in each channel (e.g. the red channel is just a look at the red light
in your photo). Switching between these different channels is useful for making color
channel-specific touch ups, overall contrast enhancements, and also for converting your
photo to black and white in a compelling way. This will be discussed in greater detail in a
later lesson about color correction and photo enhancements.
Text
The text palette, and the paragraph palette below it, let you make all sorts of
adjustments to any text you create with the type tool. These options are very similar to
what you'll find in a word processing, but you can also specify things like character
width and spacing which are more useful in design.
MANAGING LAYERS
Rename a layer or group
As you add layers to an image, it’s helpful to give them names that reflect their
content. Descriptive names make layers easy to identify in the panel.
Do one of the following:
 Double-click the layer name or group name in the Layers panel, and enter a new
name.
 Press Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS), and double-click the layer (not its
name or thumbnail) in the Layers panel. Enter a new name in the Name text
box, and click OK.
 Select a layer or group, and choose Layer Properties or Group Properties from
the Layers menu or the Layers panel menu. Enter a new name in the Name text
box, and click OK.

10. 10
Rasterize layers
You cannot use the painting tools or filters on layers that contain vector data (such as
type layers, shape layers, vector masks, or Smart Objects) and generated data (such as
fill layers). However, you can rasterize these layers to convert their contents into a
flat, raster image.
 Select the layers you want to rasterize, choose Layer > Rasterize, and then
choose an option from the submenu:
 Rasterizes the type on a type layer. It does not rasterize any other vector
data on the layer.
 Rasterizes a shape layer.
 Rasterizes the fill of a shape layer, leaving the vector mask.
 Rasterizes the vector mask on a layer, turning it into a layer mask.
 Converts a Smart Object into a raster layer.
 Rasterizes the current video frame to an image layer.
 Rasterizes the current view of 3D data into a flat raster layer.
 Rasterizes all vector data on the selected layers.
 Rasterizes all layers that contain vector and generated data.
To rasterize linked layers, select a linked layer, choose Layer > Select Linked Layers, and
then rasterize the selected layers.
Delete a layer or group
Deleting layers you no longer need reduces the size of your image file.
To quickly delete empty layers, choose File > Scripts > Delete All Empty Layers.
 Select one or more layers or groups from the Layers panel.
 Do one of the following:
 To delete with a confirmation message, click the Delete icon . Alternatively,
choose Layers > Delete > Layer or Delete Layer or Delete Group from the
Layers panel menu.
 To delete the layer or group without confirmation, drag it to the Delete icon ,
Alt-click (Windows) or Option-click (Mac OS) the Delete icon, or press the
Delete key.
 To delete hidden layers, choose Layers > Delete > Hidden Layers.
 To delete linked layers, select a linked layer, choose Layer > Select Linked Layers, and
then delete the layers.

11. 11
MERGING LAYERS
When you have finalized the content of layers, you can merge them to reduce the size
of your image files. When you merge layers, the data on the top layers replaces any
data it overlaps on the lower layers. The intersection of all transparent areas in the
merged layers remains transparent.
You cannot use an adjustment or fill layer as the target layer for a merge.
In addition to merging layers, you can stamp them. Stamping allows you to merge the
contents of more than one layer into a target layer while
leaving the other layers intact.
When you save a merged document, you cannot revert back to the unmerged state; the
layers are permanently merged.
Merge two layers or groups
 Make sure that the layers and groups you want to merge are visible.
 Select the layers and groups you want to merge.
 Choose Layer > Merge Layers.
You can merge two adjacent layers or groups by selecting the top item and then choosing
Layer > Merge Layers.
You can merge linked layers by choosing Layer > Select Linked Layers, and then merging
the selected layers.
Merge layers in a clipping mask
1. Hide any layers that you do not want to merge.
2. Select the base layer in the clipping mask. The base layer must be a raster
layer.
3. Choose Merge Clipping Mask from the Layers menu or the Layers panel
menu.
Flatten all layers
Flattening reduces file size by merging all visible layers into the background and
discarding hidden layers. Any transparent areas that remain are filled with white.
When you save a flattened image, you cannot revert back to the unflattened state;
the layers are permanently merged.
1. Make sure that all the layers you want to keep are visible.
2. Choose Layer > Flatten Image, or choose Flatten Image from the Layers panel
menu.

12. 12
RESIZING IMAGES
Resizing in Photoshop can help you print your images in standard photo sizes, resize and
preserve the high quality of digital photos, and enlarge small images to a poster size.
Resizing to a specific size
To resize your image to a preset size, follow the steps below:
1. In the main menu, go to File > New.
2. In the New dialog box, click on the Preset dropdown menu. You will see several preset
sizes, such as 2x3, 4x6 and 5x7. Remember that 72 ppi is fine for online images, but a ppi
of 150-300 is better for printed images.
3. Choose the size that you wish and click OK.
NOTE: All the preset sizes are in portrait orientation. If you wish to resize an image with
the landscape orientation, you need to create your own preset. To create your own size,
do the following:
1. Type in the values for Width and Height, for example 7x5.
2. Type in your desired resolution (150 ppi for high quality prints, and 72 ppi is good for
web images).
3. Click the Save Preset button
12
RESIZING IMAGES
Resizing in Photoshop can help you print your images in standard photo sizes, resize and
preserve the high quality of digital photos, and enlarge small images to a poster size.
Resizing to a specific size
To resize your image to a preset size, follow the steps below:
1. In the main menu, go to File > New.
2. In the New dialog box, click on the Preset dropdown menu. You will see several preset
sizes, such as 2x3, 4x6 and 5x7. Remember that 72 ppi is fine for online images, but a ppi
of 150-300 is better for printed images.
3. Choose the size that you wish and click OK.
NOTE: All the preset sizes are in portrait orientation. If you wish to resize an image with
the landscape orientation, you need to create your own preset. To create your own size,
do the following:
1. Type in the values for Width and Height, for example 7x5.
2. Type in your desired resolution (150 ppi for high quality prints, and 72 ppi is good for
web images).
3. Click the Save Preset button
12
RESIZING IMAGES
Resizing in Photoshop can help you print your images in standard photo sizes, resize and
preserve the high quality of digital photos, and enlarge small images to a poster size.
Resizing to a specific size
To resize your image to a preset size, follow the steps below:
1. In the main menu, go to File > New.
2. In the New dialog box, click on the Preset dropdown menu. You will see several preset
sizes, such as 2x3, 4x6 and 5x7. Remember that 72 ppi is fine for online images, but a ppi
of 150-300 is better for printed images.
3. Choose the size that you wish and click OK.
NOTE: All the preset sizes are in portrait orientation. If you wish to resize an image with
the landscape orientation, you need to create your own preset. To create your own size,
do the following:
1. Type in the values for Width and Height, for example 7x5.
2. Type in your desired resolution (150 ppi for high quality prints, and 72 ppi is good for
web images).
3. Click the Save Preset button

13. 13
Resizing digital photos
Digital photos usually have large dimensions but low resolution, 72 ppi, which affects
their quality when their size is decreased or increased. When printed, the photos with the
changed size will look pixilated. To resize the digital photos without loosing the quality,
follow these steps:
1. Open the digital photo you wish to resize.
2. In the main menu, go to View > Rulers. You will see the dimension of your photo.
3. In the main menu, go to Image > Image Size.
4. In the Image Size dialog box, uncheck the Resample Image box (Figure 19). Type in your
desired resolution (anything between 150 and 300 ppi). The photo is now 3.208 x 3.083
inches.
13
Resizing digital photos
Digital photos usually have large dimensions but low resolution, 72 ppi, which affects
their quality when their size is decreased or increased. When printed, the photos with the
changed size will look pixilated. To resize the digital photos without loosing the quality,
follow these steps:
1. Open the digital photo you wish to resize.
2. In the main menu, go to View > Rulers. You will see the dimension of your photo.
3. In the main menu, go to Image > Image Size.
4. In the Image Size dialog box, uncheck the Resample Image box (Figure 19). Type in your
desired resolution (anything between 150 and 300 ppi). The photo is now 3.208 x 3.083
inches.
13
Resizing digital photos
Digital photos usually have large dimensions but low resolution, 72 ppi, which affects
their quality when their size is decreased or increased. When printed, the photos with the
changed size will look pixilated. To resize the digital photos without loosing the quality,
follow these steps:
1. Open the digital photo you wish to resize.
2. In the main menu, go to View > Rulers. You will see the dimension of your photo.
3. In the main menu, go to Image > Image Size.
4. In the Image Size dialog box, uncheck the Resample Image box (Figure 19). Type in your
desired resolution (anything between 150 and 300 ppi). The photo is now 3.208 x 3.083
inches.

14. 14
Enlarging
If you want to make your digital photo into a poster size image, you can do it in the Image
Size dialog box. However, just increasing the dimensions will make the image appear
blurry and pixilated. To enlarge the image without losing the quality, follow these steps:
1. Open the digital image you wish to enlarge.
2. In the main menu, go to Image > Image Size.
3. In the Image Size dialog box, make sure the Resample Image box is checked and choose
Bicubic Smoother from the dropdown box.
NOTE: If the Resampling box is unchecked, the dropdown menu is inaccessible. Always be
sure to have it checked.
4. Change the Width and Height measurements to Percent. Type in 110. This will increase
the size of the image by 10 percent.
5. Continue enlarging by 10 percent until you are satisfied with the size.
14
Enlarging
If you want to make your digital photo into a poster size image, you can do it in the Image
Size dialog box. However, just increasing the dimensions will make the image appear
blurry and pixilated. To enlarge the image without losing the quality, follow these steps:
1. Open the digital image you wish to enlarge.
2. In the main menu, go to Image > Image Size.
3. In the Image Size dialog box, make sure the Resample Image box is checked and choose
Bicubic Smoother from the dropdown box.
NOTE: If the Resampling box is unchecked, the dropdown menu is inaccessible. Always be
sure to have it checked.
4. Change the Width and Height measurements to Percent. Type in 110. This will increase
the size of the image by 10 percent.
5. Continue enlarging by 10 percent until you are satisfied with the size.
14
Enlarging
If you want to make your digital photo into a poster size image, you can do it in the Image
Size dialog box. However, just increasing the dimensions will make the image appear
blurry and pixilated. To enlarge the image without losing the quality, follow these steps:
1. Open the digital image you wish to enlarge.
2. In the main menu, go to Image > Image Size.
3. In the Image Size dialog box, make sure the Resample Image box is checked and choose
Bicubic Smoother from the dropdown box.
NOTE: If the Resampling box is unchecked, the dropdown menu is inaccessible. Always be
sure to have it checked.
4. Change the Width and Height measurements to Percent. Type in 110. This will increase
the size of the image by 10 percent.
5. Continue enlarging by 10 percent until you are satisfied with the size.

15. 15
12. Correcting Images
Digital cameras tend to cause various problems, such as “red eye” or “hot spots”, if you
use flash, or they are underexposed if you don’t. In Photoshop, you can correct these
problems, as well as adjust the overall color of your digital photo.
Red Eye Removal
The digital camera flash is located right above the lens, which causes the “red-eye”;
however, you can fix your photos easily in Photoshop. To remove the “red eye”, follow the
steps below:
1. Open a photo you wish to correct.
2. Select the Zoom Tool from the Toolbox. Click and drag a rectangle around the eye.
3. Make sure your default Foreground and Background colors are black and white. (Press
D to set it to default Black Foreground and White Background)
4. Click and hold on the little black triangle of the Healing Brush Tool button and select
the Red Eye Tool.
5. Click on the red part of the eye and paint, holding down the mouse button. You will see
how the red will disappear.
15
12. Correcting Images
Digital cameras tend to cause various problems, such as “red eye” or “hot spots”, if you
use flash, or they are underexposed if you don’t. In Photoshop, you can correct these
problems, as well as adjust the overall color of your digital photo.
Red Eye Removal
The digital camera flash is located right above the lens, which causes the “red-eye”;
however, you can fix your photos easily in Photoshop. To remove the “red eye”, follow the
steps below:
1. Open a photo you wish to correct.
2. Select the Zoom Tool from the Toolbox. Click and drag a rectangle around the eye.
3. Make sure your default Foreground and Background colors are black and white. (Press
D to set it to default Black Foreground and White Background)
4. Click and hold on the little black triangle of the Healing Brush Tool button and select
the Red Eye Tool.
5. Click on the red part of the eye and paint, holding down the mouse button. You will see
how the red will disappear.
15
12. Correcting Images
Digital cameras tend to cause various problems, such as “red eye” or “hot spots”, if you
use flash, or they are underexposed if you don’t. In Photoshop, you can correct these
problems, as well as adjust the overall color of your digital photo.
Red Eye Removal
The digital camera flash is located right above the lens, which causes the “red-eye”;
however, you can fix your photos easily in Photoshop. To remove the “red eye”, follow the
steps below:
1. Open a photo you wish to correct.
2. Select the Zoom Tool from the Toolbox. Click and drag a rectangle around the eye.
3. Make sure your default Foreground and Background colors are black and white. (Press
D to set it to default Black Foreground and White Background)
4. Click and hold on the little black triangle of the Healing Brush Tool button and select
the Red Eye Tool.
5. Click on the red part of the eye and paint, holding down the mouse button. You will see
how the red will disappear.

16. 16
Adding Flash
If you took pictures indoors without a flash, they will turn out underexposed and dark. To
fix underexposed photos, follow these steps:
1. Open a digital photo you wish to correct.
2. In the main menu, go to Layers > Duplicate Layer. In the next window, name the layer,
Layer 1.
3. Make sure Layer 1 is selected in the Layers palette. Select Image from the main menu,
select Adjustments and select Exposure. Select the amount of exposure. The whole image
will lighten.
4. Keep duplicating Layer 1 (Press Ctrl+J) until you are satisfied with the your image.
16
Adding Flash
If you took pictures indoors without a flash, they will turn out underexposed and dark. To
fix underexposed photos, follow these steps:
1. Open a digital photo you wish to correct.
2. In the main menu, go to Layers > Duplicate Layer. In the next window, name the layer,
Layer 1.
3. Make sure Layer 1 is selected in the Layers palette. Select Image from the main menu,
select Adjustments and select Exposure. Select the amount of exposure. The whole image
will lighten.
4. Keep duplicating Layer 1 (Press Ctrl+J) until you are satisfied with the your image.
16
Adding Flash
If you took pictures indoors without a flash, they will turn out underexposed and dark. To
fix underexposed photos, follow these steps:
1. Open a digital photo you wish to correct.
2. In the main menu, go to Layers > Duplicate Layer. In the next window, name the layer,
Layer 1.
3. Make sure Layer 1 is selected in the Layers palette. Select Image from the main menu,
select Adjustments and select Exposure. Select the amount of exposure. The whole image
will lighten.
4. Keep duplicating Layer 1 (Press Ctrl+J) until you are satisfied with the your image.

17. 17
HOW TO REMOVE WATERMARK FROM AN IMAGE
A lot of pictures over the internet contain a watermark over them. We would love to
get rid of those watermarks and use the pictures. So here is a method
1. Make a selection around the watermark text or symbol using the Magic Wand Tool
2. Now we make changes to the marked area. Press Shift+F5 or go to Edit >Fill. You
will get a Fill Palette box.
3. Select under Use: Content-Aware, Mode: Normal, Opacity: 100%. Click Ok or press
Enter.
17
HOW TO REMOVE WATERMARK FROM AN IMAGE
A lot of pictures over the internet contain a watermark over them. We would love to
get rid of those watermarks and use the pictures. So here is a method
1. Make a selection around the watermark text or symbol using the Magic Wand Tool
2. Now we make changes to the marked area. Press Shift+F5 or go to Edit >Fill. You
will get a Fill Palette box.
3. Select under Use: Content-Aware, Mode: Normal, Opacity: 100%. Click Ok or press
Enter.
17
HOW TO REMOVE WATERMARK FROM AN IMAGE
A lot of pictures over the internet contain a watermark over them. We would love to
get rid of those watermarks and use the pictures. So here is a method
1. Make a selection around the watermark text or symbol using the Magic Wand Tool
2. Now we make changes to the marked area. Press Shift+F5 or go to Edit >Fill. You
will get a Fill Palette box.
3. Select under Use: Content-Aware, Mode: Normal, Opacity: 100%. Click Ok or press
Enter.

18. 18
4. Deselect the area using Ctrl+D. You can see that the watermarked area has been
filled with the contents of the image.
5. Now we remove the outline of the watermark using the Clone Stamp Tool.
6. Pick the surrounding background near the watermark outline and paint it over the
outline.
You get your final image.
Photoshop is easy and fun to learn. There are a lot of resources available on the
Internet. Know what you want to do with the image and just give a Google search. You
will definitely get help on whatever you want to achieve with the image.
You can follow the following YouTube Channel for videos on Photoshop. They have
amazing tricks and methods to help you get what you want.
YouTube Channel: Blue Lightning TV
18
4. Deselect the area using Ctrl+D. You can see that the watermarked area has been
filled with the contents of the image.
5. Now we remove the outline of the watermark using the Clone Stamp Tool.
6. Pick the surrounding background near the watermark outline and paint it over the
outline.
You get your final image.
Photoshop is easy and fun to learn. There are a lot of resources available on the
Internet. Know what you want to do with the image and just give a Google search. You
will definitely get help on whatever you want to achieve with the image.
You can follow the following YouTube Channel for videos on Photoshop. They have
amazing tricks and methods to help you get what you want.
YouTube Channel: Blue Lightning TV
18
4. Deselect the area using Ctrl+D. You can see that the watermarked area has been
filled with the contents of the image.
5. Now we remove the outline of the watermark using the Clone Stamp Tool.
6. Pick the surrounding background near the watermark outline and paint it over the
outline.
You get your final image.
Photoshop is easy and fun to learn. There are a lot of resources available on the
Internet. Know what you want to do with the image and just give a Google search. You
will definitely get help on whatever you want to achieve with the image.
You can follow the following YouTube Channel for videos on Photoshop. They have
amazing tricks and methods to help you get what you want.
YouTube Channel: Blue Lightning TV