Photojournalism involves using images to tell news stories in an impartial and ethical manner. It aims to contribute to media and help communities connect. Famous examples include Kevin Carter's 1993 photo of a starving child being stalked by a vulture, Dorothea Lange's 1936 photo "Migrant Mother", and Nick Ut's 1972 photo "The Terror of War" depicting children fleeing a napalm attack. Photojournalism uses images to convey factual information about newsworthy events while maintaining ethical standards of honesty, impartiality and avoiding manipulation.

2. Photojournalism
Querino D. Lonsagon

4. Photojournalism
 is journalism that uses images to tell a news story.
 is distinguished from other close branches of photography (such
as documentary photography, social documentary photography, war
photography, street photography and celebrity photography) by having a
rigid ethical framework which demands an honest but impartial approach
that tells a story in strictly journalistic terms.
 contribute to the news media, and help communities connect with one
other.

5. Kevin Carter Pulitzer Prize-winning photo Starving Child and Vulture | 1993

6. Dorothea Lange | Migrant Mother | 1936
Steve McCurry /The Afghan Monalisa

7. Philippe Halsman shot this famous photo Dalí Atomicus in 1948

8. Nick Ut’s famous photo The Terror of War | 1972

12. Exposure is the amount
of light that reaches your
camera’s sensor, creating
visual data over a period
of time. That time period
could be fractions of a
second or entire hours.
Camera exposure is the overall brightness
or darkness of a photograph.

13. The exposure triangle
There is no single camera setting for exposure. Instead, exposure is made up of three different data
settings known as the exposure triangle.
Shutter speed is the amount of time that the camera’s shutter is open, and measures the length of
exposure. Modern camera shutter speeds are measured in fractions of a second.
Aperture is the adjustable lens opening that controls the amount of light allowed into the camera. It
functions much like the pupil in a human eye, which dilates to let in light and narrows in bright settings.
ISO represents the sensitivity of the light sensor within the camera. Low ISO means the camera’s
sensor is less sensitive to light, and high ISO more so. More sensitivity is not always good. Higher ISO
in relation to shutter speed or aperture can result in pictures filled with digital noise, which looks
grainy. If ISO is too low, a photo will be underexposed.
Focal length
While not part of the exposure triangle, focal length and depth of field — the distance at which objects
are still sharp and in focus in a picture — may affect how you adjust other settings.
* A shallow depth of field means that objects become blurrier at closer distances. Focal length is the
distance between the center of the lens and the camera’s sensor. Lenses are named for their focal
length, and shorter focal lengths can capture wider scenes.

14. 4 Types of Exposure
1. Overexposure: happens when the film or camera sensor is
exposed to too much light. As a result, the photograph loses
highlight detail and the bright parts become washed out.
2. Underexposure: happens when the film or camera sensor
is not exposed to enough light. As a result, the photograph
loses shadow detail and the dark parts are almost all black.
3. Long exposure: also called time exposure or slow-shutter
photography, is a technique that captures a subject over an
extended period of time. The static elements of the photo
contrast with the elements in motion, which create blurs,
smears, and trails. Long exposure is commonly used in night
photography.
4. Double exposure:, also called multiple exposure, is a
technique where the camera shutter opens twice to expose

15. 4 Different Types of Photography
• 1. Portrait mode: Sets a low F-stop value to create a
shallow depth of field, allowing the focus to be on your subject.
• 2. Landscape mode: Sets a high F-stop value to create a large
depth of field, allowing the entire landscape to be in focus.
• 3. Sports/Action mode: Sets a low F-stop value, fast shutter
speed, and higher ISO to capture an athlete or a moving
subject.
• 4. Night/Low-light mode: Sets a fast shutter speed, increased
ISO speed, and may use the flash to better expose your subject
in low light.

17. Sharpness refers
to an image's overall
clarity in terms of
both focus and
contrast. When the
subject of an image
is sharp the image
appears clear and
lifelike, with detail,
contrast and texture
rendered in high
detail.

18. How to Take Sharp Photos
• Hold your camera correctly
• Use tripod
• Select a fast shutter speed
• Choose a narrow aperture
• Keep your ISO as low as possible
• Turn on your image stabilization
• Improve your focusing technique
• Make sure your lens are sharp
• Get your eyes checked
• Clean your camera
• Use your len’s aperture sweet spot

19. Angles in photography,
intentionally
used, define voice,
presence and visual
purpose. The angle
chosen to capture a
scene defines the
commentary of the
artist.

20. Basic Camera Shots
1. Eye Level -
exactly what it
sounds like-- an
image captured
at the direct eye
level of your
subject.

21. • 2. Close Up - used to
create an intimate and
welcoming
atmosphere to your
photos, since it serves
as a happy medium of
being not too
adversarial and not
too isolated.
Basic Camera Shots

22. 3. Long Shot -
This type of shot
demonstrates the
relationship of a
subject to its
surrounding
environment.
Basic Camera Shots

23. Different Angle Shots in Photography
• 1. Low Angle is when the
camera is held down and angled
upward at your subject or main
object of the photo, causing it to
appear bigger than it is. Low
angles can also make the
movement in your photo look
more dramatic, especially since
the subject will appear bigger
from this angle, and their
physical movements will seem
more intense.

24. • 2. High Angle -is when the
camera is held above eye level
and angled downward to the
subject or object below. This
angle can make your subject
look smaller than average, and in
turn, convey a child-like
innocence when the camera is
held above your head and
peering down at the subject.
This angle can be used to show
more of the surrounding
background of your image which
can give it more context of
where it was taken.
Different Angle Shots in Photography

25. • 3. Dutch Angle -, or the
tilted angle, is a camera
technique used to give
your image an original or
unique look to it and is
achieved by physically
tilting your frame. In order
to give your image this
unconventional
perspective, the shot
must have a noticeable
tilt on the camera’s x-axis.
Different Angle Shots in Photography

26. 4. Wide Angle -This
type of shot is most
commonly used in
landscape,
architecture, and
street photography;
yet, it has also
gained popularity in
the action-sports
photography
industry.
Different Angle Shots in Photography

28. Photography is increasingly
seen as a form of visual
storytelling, whether it is the
personal story of the
photographer, told in metaphors
and symbols, or a story about
the social and political world,
told through the lives of people
in the remotest corners of the
world. Storytelling, once
reserved for the world of
literature, is now appearing in
photography.

29. Photo story, or photo essay, means
presenting a story or essay primarily
through images. Of course, many of
photo stories have written elements that
help narrate the story. And, individual
images may even have captions that
give more in-depth information or
context to that photo.
Photo stories within photojournalism
are meant to be as truthful to the
original event as possible. Journalists
strive to remove bias from their work, in
order to present facts and details to
their audience.

32. Tips in writing a Caption:
• Avoid making assumptions. Do not assume anything that you can
see in the photo. It is always best to get quotes from people to
really understand how they felt in that moment.
• Avoid the obvious. Do not use phrases such as ‘is shown, is
pictured, looks on, above, etc.’ because the reader can already tell
who is pictured. Also, tell the reader what they cannot see or might
not know about the photo.
• Start your captions as general and get more specific. Give your
reader a broad idea of what the story is about and then provide
them more information to get them interested in reading the story.
• If you have to label multiple people in a photo, identify people from
left to right and start your caption with the phrase ‘from left.’

33. • Example 1:
Shams Al-Badry (12) works on her state capitals worksheet during
Brian Goodbrake’s 2nd period AP U.S. History class. Students will
have a quiz over state capitals next week.
• Example 2:
Social Studies teacher Shaunna Meyer explains the characteristics of
introverts to students in her 1st period Theory of Knowledge
class. Students will use this information to learn more about
themselves and their personalities.

34. 10 Basic Composition Rules

36. 1. Rule of Thirds
The rule of thirds is a
compositional guideline
that breaks an image
down into thirds (both
horizontally and
vertically) so you have
nine pieces and four
gridlines. According to
the rule, by positioning
key elements along the
gridlines, you’ll end up
with better compositions.

37. 2. Leading Lines
• Another basic and workable
rule that takes the viewer's
attention magically is
leading lines. The rule
states that all the image
elements should lead
directly to the primary
subject of the frame. The
leading lines can be
pathways, walls, and even
patterns. As the onlooker
takes the first glance at the
image, the focus is
automatically switched to
the central masterpiece of
the frame.

38. 3. Centered Composition and Symmetry
Where the rule of thirds
makes you arrange your
primary subject off-center,
this rule states the opposite.
The placement of the
important element has to be
carefully adjusted in the
center whilst considering the
symmetry and balance of the
viewpoint. The symmetrical
scenes work perfectly with
centered composition.

39. 4. Do Not Forget the White Space
• White space is often
considered space,
which is an
inappropriate term.
The phrase
"Emptiness" takes
the negative
narrative, stating
that the image is not
completing its
desired purpose.
However, it is not the
case here.

40. 5. Patterns and Repetition
The next basic rule to
take under consideration
is "Patterns and
Repetition." Speaking of
a man's brain, it
automatically gets
excited upon
encountering patterns
and repetitive textures.
Thus, it generates a
sense of harmony and
balance in the frame
whilst taking all the
desired attention of the
observer.

41. 6. Balance Elements in the Scene
• Incorporating the
rule of thirds in
design and
photography might
be workable for
most, but it leaves a
space in the frame.
The next basic rule,
"Balance Elements,"
in the scene, comes
to the rescue.

42. 7. Golden Triangles
• There is a close
connection of golden
triangles with the rule
of thirds in design.
However, instead of a
grid of rectangles, the
frame is divided into
diagonals from one
corner to another.

43. 8. Golden Ratio
• The Golden Ratio is an
exceptional rule when it
comes to design or
photography. It isn't easy
to become a pro in
handling this ratio as it
goes back to centuries-old
history. The Golden Ratio
is a perfect balance
between 1:1.618. The focus
is kept on the primary
subject of the frame with
more minute details. In this
rule, the frame is divided
into a series of squares
known as "Phi Grid."

44. 9. Particular Color Combinations
• The use of colors is an
expressive way of
sending the message
across. The idea of
particular color
combinations is
familiar to graphic
designers and interior
designers as they are
partially responsible
for getting attention.

45. 10. Simplicity and Minimalism
• You often hear the
clause “Less is More”
that perfectly fits here.
Simplicity is a strong
compositional tool that
displays the photograph
with uncomplicated
backgrounds and keeps
the attention where it is
due. In this rule, you
focus and zoom in to a
particular scene's
subject and capture it
without any hassle.