The document provides information about the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), which is a system that assigns each written symbol a corresponding sound in English. It lists the 12 pure vowel sounds and 8 diphthong vowel sounds in IPA along with word examples. It also lists the 24 consonant sounds in IPA with word examples. The purpose of IPA is to allow knowing exactly how to pronounce words in English.

1. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system where each symbol is
associated with a particular English sound. By using IPA you can know exactly
how to pronounce a certain word in English.
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Sounds
12 PURE VOWELS
IPA Symbol Word examples
1. /I/ Sit, it, bit, kit, kill
2. /i:/
Need, eat, see, easy, field, beat,
team.
3. /e/
Went, empty, ten, enemy, step,
intend, send, letter.
4. /æ/
Cat, apple, man, and, hat, hand,
nap, flat, have.
5. /ɑ:/
Fast, art, mask, arm, charm, car,
hard, bath.
6. /ɒ/ Rob, office, cross, odd, got, top.

2. 7. /ɔ:/
All, born, saw, awful, law, yawn,
jaw.
8. /ʊ/
Put, to, look, should, cook, book,
look.
9. /u:/
Ooze, fool, boot, loose, gloomy,
fruit, chew, true, too.
10. /ʌ/ Fun, under, sun, up.
11. /ɜ:/ Earth, bird, stir, girl, worst
12. /ə/
Alive, again, ago, about, police,
maker, mother.
8 DIPHTHONG VOWELS
IPA Symbol Word examples
1. /eɪ/ (ai+e)
Rain, eight, snail, say, neighbour, bay, take,

3. snake, face
2. /aɪ/ (aa+e)
My, sight, pride, kind, flight, time, bite, buy,
pie, might
3. /ɔɪ/ (o+a) Joy, employ, toy, coil, oyster, oil, noise, coin
4. /əʊ/ (aa+u) Out, sound, cow, how, about, mouth, couch
5. /aʊ/ (o+u) Go, so, bow,slow
6. /ɪə/ (e+a) Near, ear, clear, tear, beer, fear, dear
7. /eə/ (ai+a) Hair, there, care, stairs, pear, air, share
8. /ʊə/ (u+a) Cure, sure, pure, poor

4. CONSONANTS SOUNDS:
IPA Symbol Word examples
1. /b/ Bin, base, biology, baby
2. /c/ (can be used both
for ‘s’ & ‘k’)
Car, cab, cyber, cynic, cylinder
3. /d/ Dip, donkey, dollar, dish
4. /f/ Full, Friday, fish, knife.
5. /g/ Gun, go, girl, gallant
6. /h/ Him, hill, horse, hat
7. /j/ (pronounced as
ya sound)
Yet, young, youth, yell, yellow, yesterday
8. k, c & q as /k/ Kit, cute, cube, queen, quite

5. 9. /l/ Learn, like, lobby, list
10./m/ Monkey, meet, mouse, minimum
11. /n/ Neat, nil, nose, noise
12. /p/ Pin, pilot, pun, purple
13. /r/ Rat, run, rank, red, rob
14. /s/ Sin, sit, silver, sun, sort
15. /t/ Tough, teddy, ton, tip
16. /v/ View, vapour, vampire, venom
17. /w/ Wait, want, welcome, whales
18. /z/ Zinc, zebra, zoo, lazy, crazy

6. 19. /ʃ/ Shirt, rush, shop, cash.
20. /θ/ Thought, Think, Bath.
21. /ð/ There, those, brothers, others.
22. /ʈʃ/ Choose, cheese, church, watch.
23. /dʒ/ Joy, juggle, juice, stage.
24. /ŋ/ King, thing, song, swimming.
CONSONANTS CLUSTER: A group of consonants that appear together in a
syllable without a vowel in between.
Prepared by-
Shraddha Dhal, Asst. Prof., English