A suppository is a drug delivery system that is inserted into the rectum (rectal suppository), vagina (vaginal suppository) or urethra (urethral suppository), where it dissolves or melts and is absorbed into the blood stream. They are used to deliver both systemically and locally acting medications.
Semisolid dosage forms are neither solid nor liquid, however, they are a combination or mixture of both, and they used for both local and systemic effects. Pharmaceutical semisolid dosage forms such as creams, ointments, gels, suppositories, and paste are used for topical application. Semisolid dosage forms are intended used as drug carriers that are transported topically through the skin, buckle tissue, rectal tissue, outer ear lining nasal mucosa, urethral membrane, vagina, and cornea. The semisolid may adhere adequately before washing on the surface of the application; this helps to extend the supply of drugs on the application site.
Semisolid dosage forms are neither solid nor liquid, however, they are a combination or mixture of both, and they used for both local and systemic effects. Pharmaceutical semisolid dosage forms such as creams, ointments, gels, suppositories, and paste are used for topical application. Semisolid dosage forms are intended used as drug carriers that are transported topically through the skin, buckle tissue, rectal tissue, outer ear lining nasal mucosa, urethral membrane, vagina, and cornea. The semisolid may adhere adequately before washing on the surface of the application; this helps to extend the supply of drugs on the application site.
Hi! I made these labels for study purpose. These are not for marketing or something else. i will upload more labels in future.
if you have any trouble downloading these labels. contact me on my email address. Thankyou.
PHARMACEUTICAL SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES.pptRAHUL PAL
Suppositories and pessaries are both types of medication delivery systems that are designed to be inserted into body orifices for therapeutic purposes. While they serve similar functions, they are used in different parts of the body.
Suppositories:
Usage: Suppositories are typically designed for rectal or vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, bullet-shaped or cone-shaped dosage forms that contain medication in a base that melts or dissolves at body temperature.
Rectal Suppositories: Commonly used for medications that need to bypass the digestive system or when a patient cannot take medications orally. They are inserted into the rectum.
Vaginal Suppositories: Often used for localized treatment of gynecological conditions, such as yeast infections or hormonal therapy. They are inserted into the vagina.
Pessaries:
Usage: Pessaries are specifically designed for vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, oval-shaped or ring-shaped devices made of various materials such as silicone, rubber, or plastic.
Indications: Pessaries are mainly used to support the uterus, bladder, or rectum in cases of pelvic organ prolapse. However, they can also be used for the controlled release of medication into the vagina for the treatment of local conditions.
Maintenance: Pessaries need to be fitted by a healthcare professional and should be cleaned and reinserted regularly.
Suppositories and pessaries are both types of medication delivery systems that are designed to be inserted into body orifices for therapeutic purposes. While they serve similar functions, they are used in different parts of the body.
Suppositories:
Usage: Suppositories are typically designed for rectal or vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, bullet-shaped or cone-shaped dosage forms that contain medication in a base that melts or dissolves at body temperature.
Rectal Suppositories: Commonly used for medications that need to bypass the digestive system or when a patient cannot take medications orally. They are inserted into the rectum.
Vaginal Suppositories: Often used for localized treatment of gynecological conditions, such as yeast infections or hormonal therapy. They are inserted into the vagina.
Pessaries:
Usage: Pessaries are specifically designed for vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, oval-shaped or ring-shaped devices made of various materials such as silicone, rubber, or plastic.
Indications: Pessaries are mainly used to support the uterus, bladder, or rectum in cases of pelvic organ prolapse. However, they can also be used for the controlled release of medication into the vagina for the treatment of local conditions.
Maintenance: Pessaries need to be fitted by a healthcare professional and should be cleaned and reinserted regularly.
Hi! I made these labels for study purpose. These are not for marketing or something else. i will upload more labels in future.
if you have any trouble downloading these labels. contact me on my email address. Thankyou.
PHARMACEUTICAL SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES.pptRAHUL PAL
Suppositories and pessaries are both types of medication delivery systems that are designed to be inserted into body orifices for therapeutic purposes. While they serve similar functions, they are used in different parts of the body.
Suppositories:
Usage: Suppositories are typically designed for rectal or vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, bullet-shaped or cone-shaped dosage forms that contain medication in a base that melts or dissolves at body temperature.
Rectal Suppositories: Commonly used for medications that need to bypass the digestive system or when a patient cannot take medications orally. They are inserted into the rectum.
Vaginal Suppositories: Often used for localized treatment of gynecological conditions, such as yeast infections or hormonal therapy. They are inserted into the vagina.
Pessaries:
Usage: Pessaries are specifically designed for vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, oval-shaped or ring-shaped devices made of various materials such as silicone, rubber, or plastic.
Indications: Pessaries are mainly used to support the uterus, bladder, or rectum in cases of pelvic organ prolapse. However, they can also be used for the controlled release of medication into the vagina for the treatment of local conditions.
Maintenance: Pessaries need to be fitted by a healthcare professional and should be cleaned and reinserted regularly.
Suppositories and pessaries are both types of medication delivery systems that are designed to be inserted into body orifices for therapeutic purposes. While they serve similar functions, they are used in different parts of the body.
Suppositories:
Usage: Suppositories are typically designed for rectal or vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, bullet-shaped or cone-shaped dosage forms that contain medication in a base that melts or dissolves at body temperature.
Rectal Suppositories: Commonly used for medications that need to bypass the digestive system or when a patient cannot take medications orally. They are inserted into the rectum.
Vaginal Suppositories: Often used for localized treatment of gynecological conditions, such as yeast infections or hormonal therapy. They are inserted into the vagina.
Pessaries:
Usage: Pessaries are specifically designed for vaginal administration.
Composition: They are solid, oval-shaped or ring-shaped devices made of various materials such as silicone, rubber, or plastic.
Indications: Pessaries are mainly used to support the uterus, bladder, or rectum in cases of pelvic organ prolapse. However, they can also be used for the controlled release of medication into the vagina for the treatment of local conditions.
Maintenance: Pessaries need to be fitted by a healthcare professional and should be cleaned and reinserted regularly.
A suppository is a solid dosage form in which one or more APIs are dispersed in a suitable base and molded or otherwise formed into a suitable shape for insertion into the rectum to provide local or systemic effect
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels and is one of the principal vital signs. When used without further specification, "blood pressure" usually refers to the arterial pressure of the systemic circulation, usually measured at a person's upper arm. A person’s blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure over diastolic pressure and is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). Normal resting blood pressure for an adult is approximately 120/80 mm Hg.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
For Better Surat #ℂall #Girl Service ❤85270-49040❤ Surat #ℂall #Girls
Pharmaceutical suppositories
1.
2. SUPPOSITORIES
Suppositories are solid dosage forms
intended for insertion into body orifices
where they melt, soften, or dissolve and
exert localized or systemic effects.
3. SUPPOSITORIES
Dosage form characteristics:
a. Rectal suppositories for adults weigh 2 gm and are torpedo
shape.
Children's suppositories weigh about 1 gm.
b. Vaginal suppositories or Pessaries weigh about 3-5gm
and are molded in globular or oviform shape or compressed
on a tablet press into conical shapes.
4. SUPPOSITORIES
c. Urethral suppositories called bougies are pencil shape.
Those intended for males weigh 4 gm each and are 100-150
mm long.
those for females are 2 gm each and 60-75 mm in length.
d. Nasal suppositories: called nasal bougies or buginaria
meant for introduction in to nasal cavity.
They are prepared with glycerogelatin base.
They weigh about 1 gm and length 9-10 cm.
5. SUPPOSITORIES
e. Ear cones:
Aurinaria and meant for introduction into ear.
Rarely used
Theobroma oil is used as base.
Prepared in urethral bougies mould and cut according to
size.
6. SUPPOSITORIES
ADVANTAGES:
_ Can exert local effect on rectal mucosa.
_ Used to promote evacuation of bowel.
_ Avoid any gastrointestinal irritation.
_ Can be used in unconscious patients (e.g. during fitting).
_ Can be used for systemic absorption of drugs and avoid first-
pass metabolism.
− Babies or old people who cannot swallow oral medication.
− Post operative people who cannot be administered oral
medication.
− People suffering from severe nausea or vomiting.
7. SUPPOSITORIES
DISADVANTAGES OF SUPPOSITORIES:
− The problem of patient acceptability.
− Suppositories are not suitable for patients suffering from
diarrhea.
− In some cases the total amount of the drug must be given
will be either too irritating or in greater amount than
reasonably can be placed into suppository.
− Incomplete absorption may be obtained because suppository
usually promotes evacuation of the bowel.
10. SUPPOSITORIES
Pessaries are a type of suppository intended for vaginal use.
The larger size moulds are usually used in the preparation of
pessaries such as 4 g and 8 g moulds.
Pessaries are used almost exclusively for local medication,
the exception being prostaglandin pessaries that do exert a
systemic effect.
11. SUPPOSITORIES
Pessaries
Common ingredients for inclusion in pessaries for local
action include:
antiseptics
contraceptive agents
local anaesthetics
various therapeutic agents to treat trichomonal, bacterial
and monilial infections.
12. SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES
IDEAL SUPPOSITORY BASE:
1. Melts at body temperature or dissolves in body fluids.
2. Non-toxic and non-irritant.
3. Compatible with any medicament.
4. Releases any medicament readily.
5. Easily moulded and removed from the mould.
6. Stable to heating above the melting point.
7. Easy to handle.
8. Stable on storage.
13. SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES
I FATTY BASES: designed to melt at body temperature.
1- Theobroma oil (Cocoa butter)
It is a yellowish-white solid with an odour of chocolate and is
a mixture of glyceryl esters of different unsaturated fatty
acids.
14. SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES
Advantages:
a- A melting range of 30 - 36°C (solid at room temperature but
melts in the body).
b- Readily melted on warming, rapid setting on cooling.
c- Miscible with many ingredients.
d- Non-irritating.
15. SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES
Disadvantages:
a- Polymorphism:
- When melted and cooled it solidifies in different crystalline
forms, depending on the temperature of melting, rate of
cooling and the size of the mass.
- If melted at not more than 36°C and slowly cooled it forms
stable beta crystals with normal melting point.
- If over-heated then cooled it produce unstable gamma
crystals which melt at about 15°C or alpha crystals melting at
20°C.
Cocoa butter must be slowly melted over a warm water bath
to avoid the formation of the unstable crystalline form.
16. SUPPOSITORIES
b- Adherence to the mould:
c- Softening point too low for hot climates.
d- Melting point reduced by soluble ingredients: Phenol
and chloral hydrate have a tendency to lower the melting
point of cocoa butter.- So, solidifying agents like beeswax
(4%) may be incorporated to compensate for the softening
effect of the added substance.
e- Rancidity on storage:
f- Poor water-absorbing ability: Improved by the addition of
emulsifying agents.
g- Leakage from the body:
h- Expensive
17. SUPPOSITORIES
SYNTHETIC HARD FAT:
- For example: Suppocire, witepsol.
Advantages:
a- Their solidifying points are unaffected by overheating.
b- They have good resistance to oxidation because of the lower
content of unsaturated fatty acids.
c- The difference between melting and setting points is small.
Hence they set quickly, the risk of sedimentation of
suspended ingredients is low.
18. SUPPOSITORIES
d- They are marketed in a series of grades with different
melting point ranges, which can be chosen to suit particular
products and climatic condition.
e-They contain a proportion of w/o emulsifying agents, and
therefore, their water-absorbing capacities are good.
f- No mould lubricant is necessary because they contract
significantly on cooling.
19. SUPPOSITORIES
Disadvantages:
a- Brittle if cooled rapidly, avoid refrigeration during
preparation.
b- The melted fats are less viscous than theobroma oil. As a
result greater risk of drug particles to sediment during
preparation lack of uniform drug distribution give localized
irritancy.
20. SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES
II Water-soluble and water-miscible bases:
1- Glycero-gelatin:
The commonest is Glycerol Suppositories Base B.P., which
has 14% w/w gelatin, and 70% w/w glycerol & water Q.S. to
100%. .
The glycerol-gelatin base U.S.P. consisted of 20% w/w
gelatin, and 70% w/w glycerol & water Q.S. to 100%.
21. SUPPOSITORIES
DISADVANTAGES:
a- A physiological effect: osmosis occurs during dissolving in
the mucous secretions of the rectum, producing a laxative
effect.
b- Can cause rectal irritation due to small amount of liquid
present.
c- Unpredictable solution time.
d- Hygroscopic: So, they should be packaged in tight
containers and also have dehydrating effects on the rectal
and vaginal mucosa leading to irritation.
e- Microbial contamination likely.
f- Long preparation time.
g- Lubrication of the mould is essential.
22. SUPPOSITORIES
2- Macrogols (polyethylene glycols):
- Polyethylene glycols are polymers of ethylene oxide and water,
prepared to various chain lengths, molecular weights, and
physical states.
- The numerical designations refer to the average molecular
weights of each of the polymers.
- Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) having average molecular weights
of 300, 400, and 600 are clear, colorless liquids, while those
with molecular weights of 600-1000 are semisolids.
- Those having average molecular weights of greater than 1000
are wax-like, white solids with the hardness increasing with
an increase in the molecular weight.
23. SUPPOSITORIES
These polyethylene glycols can be blended together to
produce suppository bases with varying: melting points,
dissolution rates and physical characteristics.
Drug release depends on the base dissolving rather than
melting.
The melting point is often around 50°C.
Higher proportions of high molecular weight polymers
produce preparations which release the drug slowly and are
also brittle.
Less brittle products which release the drug more readily can
be prepared by mixing high polymers with medium and low
polymers.
24. SUPPOSITORIES
Preparation of suppositories:
Suppositories are prepared by four methods:
I Hand moulding:
-Hand molding is useful when we are preparing a small
number of suppositories:
1. The drug is made into a fine powder.
2. It is incorporated into the suppository base by kneading with
it or by trituration in a mortar.
3. The kneaded mass is rolled between fingers into rod shaped
units.
4. The rods are cut into pieces and then one end is pointed.
25. SUPPOSITORIES
II Compression molding:
1. The cold mass of the base containing the drug is
compressed into suppositories using a hand operated
machine.
26. SUPPOSITORIES
**Advantages:
1.It is a simple method.
2. It gives suppositories that are more elegant than hand
moulded suppositories.
3. In this method sedimentation of solids in the base is
prevented.
4. Suitable for heat labile medicaments.
**Disadvantages:
1.Air entrapment may take place.
2.This air may cause weight variation.
3.The drug and/or the base may be oxidized by this air.
27. SUPPOSITORIES
III Pour moulding:
- Using a supp. mould which is made of metal or plastic.
Traditional metal moulds are in two halves which are
clamped together with a screw.
Steps:
1. The base is melted and precautions are taken not to overheat
it.
2. The drug is incorporated in it.
3. The molten liquid mass is poured into chilled(lubricated if
cocoa butter or glycrogelatin is the base)molds.
4. After solidification the cone shaped suppositories are
28. SUPPOSITORIES
Lubricating the cavities of the mould is helpful in producing
elegant suppositories and free from surface depression.
- The lubricant must be different in nature from the
suppository base, otherwise it will be become absorbed and
will fail to provide a buffer film between the mass &the
metal.
- The water soluble lubricant is useful for fatty bases while the
oily lubricant is useful for water soluble bases.
- The lubricant should be applied on a pledget of gauze or with
fairly stiff brush.
29. LUBRICANTS FOR USE WITH SUPPOSITORY
BASES:
Base
• Theobroma
oil
• Glycerol-
gelatin base
Lubricant
• Soap spirit
• liquid
paraffin
No lubricant
required
• Synthetic
fats
• Macrogols
30. SUPPOSITORIES & PESSARIES
IV Automatic Moulding machine:
All the operations in pour moulding are done by automatic
machines. Using this machine, up to about 10,000
suppositories per hour can be produced.
31. SUPPOSITORIES
Packaging and storage:
-Suppositories are usually packed in tin or aluminium, paper
or plastic.
-Poorly packed suppositories may give rise to staining,
breakage or deformation by melting.
-Both cocoa butter and glycerinated gelatin suppositories
stored preferably in a refrigerator.
- Polyethylene glycol suppositories stored at usual room
temperature without the requirement of refrigeration.