This document discusses various organic compounds and their pharmaceutical applications. It provides information on several alkane, alkene and alcohol compounds, including pristane, sodium tetradecyl sulphate, acamprosate, sodium lauryl sulphate, propylene glycol, acitretin, tretinoin, isotretinoin, naftifine, hexylesorcinol, taurocholic acid, thymol, doxercalciferol, and propofol. For each compound, it lists relevant details like chemical structure, medical uses, and mode of action. The document was submitted by Shabnam Faiz to Dr. Naveed Muhammad in the department of pharmacy

1.  SUBJECT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
 TOPIC PHARMACEUTICAL
APPLICATIONS OF ALKANE, ALKENE
AND ALCOHOL
 SUBMITTED BY SHABNAM FAIZ
 SUBMITTED TO SIR DR NAVEED
MUHAMMAD
 DATE 10 JUNE 2020
 DEPARTMENT PHARMACY
 PROF 1
 ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY
MARDAN

2. Pristane is a natural saturated terpenoid alkane obtained
primarily from shark liver oil. It is also found in the stomach oil of
birds in the order of procellariiformes. It has a role as a biomarker
and an immunological adjuvant.
Sodium
tetradecyl sulphate is primily indicated in conditions like
Hydocele, peptic ulcer bleeding, variceal bleeding and varicose
veins.

3. Acamprosate, sold under the brand
name Campral, is a medication used along with counseling to
treat alcohol dependence. It is thought to stabilize chemical
signaling in the brain that would otherwise be disrupted by
alcoholism, possibly by blocking glutaminergic N – methyl –D -
asparte receptors.

4. C5HIINO4S(3 acetamidopropane 1 sulfonic acid)
Sodium lauryl
sulphate used in skin preparation as a cleaning agent and in
enemas as a wetting agent for softening of faeces.
(NaC12H25SO4)
Propylene glycol used as a
solvent in many pharmaceuticals , including oral , injectable and
tropical formulations, such as for diazepam and lorazepam whichh are
insolable in water.

5. Acitretin is a retinoid. Acitretin works by
inhibiting the excessive cell growth and keratinisation ( process by
which skin cells become thickened due to the deposition of a
protein within them seen ) in psoriasis.
C21H26O3
Tretinoin is a derivative of vitamin A . It is used
on the skin in the treatment of mild to moderate acne and on skin
that has been damaged by excessive exposure to the skin. It also
knows as all trans retinoic acid.

6. C20H28O2
It has an antineoplastic agent.It has a
functions as a ligand of retinoic acid receptors and a
transcriptional activator of receptor genes.
Isotretinoin also know as 12-cis-retinoic
acid and sold under brand name Accutane. It is also used to
prevent certain skin cancers and in the treatment of other
cancers.

7. 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl(C20H28O2)
Naftifine ( brand name Exoderil) is an antifungal
drug for the topical treatment of tinea pedis , tenia cruris and tinea
corporis. It has triple action antifungal , antibacterial and anti-
inflammatory.

8. C21H21N
Hexylesorcinol is an organic compound
with local anaesthetic, antiseptic, and anthelmintic properties. It
is available for use topically on small skin infections or as an
ingredient in throat lozenges.

9. C12H18O2 ( 4 Hexyl -1, 3 – benzendeiol)
Taurocholic acis ,also know as cholaic
acid or acidum cholatauricum.It is used as a cholagogue and
choleretic ( a bile purging agent).

10. Thymol one of the chemical in thyme , is used with
another chemical, Chlorhexidine, as a dental varnish to prevent
tooth decay. It is also used in soaps, cosmetics and toothpastes.

12. Doxercalciferol is drug for secondary
hyperparathyroidism and metabolic bone disease. It is a synthetic
analog of ergocalciferol. It suppresses parathyroid synthesis and
secretion.

13. Propofol is extremely important intravenous anesthetic.
Chemically propofol is 2-6-di –isopropylphenol.