This study evaluated the quality of irrigation water resources in the central Albanian regions of Kavaja and Kruja over 2009-2010. Water samples were collected and analyzed for various parameters including pH, salts, chemicals, and nutrients. The results found that water resources in Kruja generally had low salt levels within established standards. However, resources in Kavaja showed higher salt levels that could cause light soil salinity issues in some areas. Specifically, sodium and chloride levels in certain Kavaja resources posed toxicity risks. Based on standards, the study classified all resources as Class 2 quality. The authors conclude continuous monitoring is needed due to pollution risks from increasing industrial and urban activities in the regions.
The document summarizes research on the impact of oil shale mining on the groundwater regime in the Kurtna Landscape Reserve area of Estonia. Key points:
1) Oil shale mining surrounds the Kurtna Lakes area. Testing showed building an infiltration dam where the mine front meets the lakes could minimize groundwater impacts by stopping water flow instead of leaving an open trench.
2) Groundwater modeling indicated the dam's hydraulic conductivity must remain below 0.1 m/d and infiltration basins must supply 7000 m3/d of water on average to avoid lowering lake water levels.
3) A test section was mined using techniques to build a low-permeability dam, and monitoring
Independent Review of Hydrological Issues: Deloro Mine SiteLOWaterkeeper
This document provides a 3-page summary of an independent hydrogeological review of the Deloro Mine Site remediation activities:
- It describes the site location, geology, hydrogeology, and history of mining and contamination by arsenic and low-level radioactive waste.
- It outlines the remediation completed in the Industrial and Mine Area (IMA) and Tailings Area (TA), including waste consolidation and capping. It describes ongoing remediation in the Young's Creek Area (YCA).
- It evaluates the containment of radiological wastes, groundwater monitoring, and the merits of the MOECC's application to amend its nuclear license for ongoing oversight of remediation
Assessment of The Trophic Status of The Future Buk Bijela HPP Accumulationinventionjournals
Eutrophication is a natural process in which water bodies age, and transit from a low productive condition (oligotrophic) into a high productive condition (eutrophic). In such condition, a majority of organic substances that are produced in surface layers do not completely decompose, but settle on the bottom, where they decompose. An increased (artificial) input of nutrients significantly accelerates this process, disturbing the natural balance between the biomass production and mineralization, where the production considerably multiplies. This can lead to a successful decrease in oxygen concentration on the bottom of an eutrophic lake, and in more inconvenient cases even to an anaerobic condition. This can result in an increase in the concentrations of ammonium, iron, manganese, and other substances, as well as in the occurrence of hydrogen sulphide and methane, which has a negative impact on the quality, both from the aspect of biotope habitat and water usage possibilities.
Gw mh-3-effect of sea water intrusionon gw quality in & around kelwa mahim vi...hydrologywebsite1
This document provides an introduction and methodology for a study on sea water ingress into coastal freshwater aquifers in the Kelwa-Mahim area of Maharashtra, India. The study aims to understand the extent of sea water ingress, delineate the freshwater-saltwater interface, and develop a groundwater management strategy. Key points include:
- Sea water ingress is a concern due to overpumping of groundwater for agriculture/domestic use, depleting the freshwater aquifer.
- The study area covers 74 sq km including the villages of Kelwa and Mahim near the Arabian Sea coastline.
- A variety of investigations were conducted from 2008-2012 including well surveys, piezometer
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
Identification of possible migration of contaminants in groundwater at a land...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on identifying possible groundwater contamination at a landfill site in Barka, Oman. Borehole drilling, soil sampling, and groundwater sampling and analysis were conducted. Results showed elevated levels of contaminants like TDS, sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and coliform bacteria in groundwater below the landfill compared to background levels, indicating contamination from leachate and liquid waste disposal. A pump test also found decreasing contaminant concentrations with pumping time, suggesting contaminant migration from the landfill area.
This study evaluated the quality of irrigation water resources in the central Albanian regions of Kavaja and Kruja over 2009-2010. Water samples were collected and analyzed for various parameters including pH, salts, chemicals, and nutrients. The results found that water resources in Kruja generally had low salt levels within established standards. However, resources in Kavaja showed higher salt levels that could cause light soil salinity issues in some areas. Specifically, sodium and chloride levels in certain Kavaja resources posed toxicity risks. Based on standards, the study classified all resources as Class 2 quality. The authors conclude continuous monitoring is needed due to pollution risks from increasing industrial and urban activities in the regions.
The document summarizes research on the impact of oil shale mining on the groundwater regime in the Kurtna Landscape Reserve area of Estonia. Key points:
1) Oil shale mining surrounds the Kurtna Lakes area. Testing showed building an infiltration dam where the mine front meets the lakes could minimize groundwater impacts by stopping water flow instead of leaving an open trench.
2) Groundwater modeling indicated the dam's hydraulic conductivity must remain below 0.1 m/d and infiltration basins must supply 7000 m3/d of water on average to avoid lowering lake water levels.
3) A test section was mined using techniques to build a low-permeability dam, and monitoring
Independent Review of Hydrological Issues: Deloro Mine SiteLOWaterkeeper
This document provides a 3-page summary of an independent hydrogeological review of the Deloro Mine Site remediation activities:
- It describes the site location, geology, hydrogeology, and history of mining and contamination by arsenic and low-level radioactive waste.
- It outlines the remediation completed in the Industrial and Mine Area (IMA) and Tailings Area (TA), including waste consolidation and capping. It describes ongoing remediation in the Young's Creek Area (YCA).
- It evaluates the containment of radiological wastes, groundwater monitoring, and the merits of the MOECC's application to amend its nuclear license for ongoing oversight of remediation
Assessment of The Trophic Status of The Future Buk Bijela HPP Accumulationinventionjournals
Eutrophication is a natural process in which water bodies age, and transit from a low productive condition (oligotrophic) into a high productive condition (eutrophic). In such condition, a majority of organic substances that are produced in surface layers do not completely decompose, but settle on the bottom, where they decompose. An increased (artificial) input of nutrients significantly accelerates this process, disturbing the natural balance between the biomass production and mineralization, where the production considerably multiplies. This can lead to a successful decrease in oxygen concentration on the bottom of an eutrophic lake, and in more inconvenient cases even to an anaerobic condition. This can result in an increase in the concentrations of ammonium, iron, manganese, and other substances, as well as in the occurrence of hydrogen sulphide and methane, which has a negative impact on the quality, both from the aspect of biotope habitat and water usage possibilities.
Gw mh-3-effect of sea water intrusionon gw quality in & around kelwa mahim vi...hydrologywebsite1
This document provides an introduction and methodology for a study on sea water ingress into coastal freshwater aquifers in the Kelwa-Mahim area of Maharashtra, India. The study aims to understand the extent of sea water ingress, delineate the freshwater-saltwater interface, and develop a groundwater management strategy. Key points include:
- Sea water ingress is a concern due to overpumping of groundwater for agriculture/domestic use, depleting the freshwater aquifer.
- The study area covers 74 sq km including the villages of Kelwa and Mahim near the Arabian Sea coastline.
- A variety of investigations were conducted from 2008-2012 including well surveys, piezometer
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
Identification of possible migration of contaminants in groundwater at a land...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on identifying possible groundwater contamination at a landfill site in Barka, Oman. Borehole drilling, soil sampling, and groundwater sampling and analysis were conducted. Results showed elevated levels of contaminants like TDS, sodium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and coliform bacteria in groundwater below the landfill compared to background levels, indicating contamination from leachate and liquid waste disposal. A pump test also found decreasing contaminant concentrations with pumping time, suggesting contaminant migration from the landfill area.
IrEnvironmental Presence of Heavy Metal Contamination of Industrial Tributary...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that analyzed heavy metal contamination in the Trönningeån stream and its Kistingebäcken tributary in southern Sweden. Water samples were collected from 7 locations along the river and tributary under both high and low flow conditions and analyzed for copper, zinc, cadmium, pH and conductivity levels. The study found that copper, zinc and cadmium concentrations were highest in the tributary, which receives discharge from nearby industries and a landfill. It concluded that the Kistingebäcken tributary contributes significantly to heavy metal pollution in the Trönningeån river.
The document discusses new technologies for sustainable agriculture in arid lands. It proposes using Russian organic fertilizers and soil conditioners to construct protective soil layers. These layers would increase water retention and nutrient capacity while preventing salt accumulation. Modeling shows layers containing organic matter like peat or hydrogels can significantly reduce water infiltration and retain more moisture for plants. The document advocates optimizing irrigation to supply only plant water demands, choosing salt-tolerant crops, and using crushed stones and organic-rich layers to construct soils that protect against salinization.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Hydrochemistry of groundwater with special reference to arsenic in Lakhimpur ...IOSR Journals
The present study aims to understand the severity of Arsenic contamination along with the hydrochemistry of ground water in Lakhimpur Kheri, one of the largest districts in Uttar Pradesh, India. Ground water samples collected from 102 handpumps from 15 blocks were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and Arsenic. The groundwater quality data were analysed statistically. The characteristic features of groundwater indicated the presence of As (0- 0.224 mg/L), Fe (0.011-8.634mg/L), Na+ (2.84-62.12 mg/L), K+ (1.21-51.20 mg/L), Ca2+ (6-102mg/L), Mg2+ (10-126), Cl- (2.19-133.96 mg/L), SO42- (1-269.92 mg/L), NO3- (0.11-2.61 mg/L) and HCO3- (122-549 mg/L). The pH of the groundwater was found to be neutral to slightly alkaline (6.88-8.45) with high EC (471-1569 μS/cm) and TDS (289-1042 mg/L). Of the total samples analysed, 41.18% contained As > 10μg/L, 13.73% contained As < 10μg/L, while in the rest of the samples As was found to be below detectable limit. Severe As contamination was reported mainly in six blocks of the study area- Pallia, Nighasan, Dhawahara, Ramia Beher, Isanagar and Nakaha. The highly contaminated block was Pallia where all the samples contained As above permissible limit. However, maximum As concentration (0.224 mg/L) was reported from a deep well handpump of village Dubha from Nighasan block. Both Shallow and deep bore handpumps were analysed to study the distribution pattern of As with depth. No systematic relationship was found. Arsenic showed insignificant correlation with EC, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, NO3- Cl- and SO42- but poor correlation with Fe (r2 = 0.391) and pH (r2 = 0.018). Factor analysis was applied to reveal the processes controlling the hydrochemistry of groundwater and to understand the factors responsible for the release of As in groundwater of the study area. Extensive study in the affected areas advocates that the leaching of Arsenic in underground water is controlled by the magnitude of oxidizing environmental conditions created in the affected zones where As (III) oxidized to As (V) is introduced in the aquifers and gets adsorbed on iron rich grains.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IFNTUOG is Ukraine's only oil and gas higher education institution with about 8,500 students. It has 17 research schools, 30 R&D labs, and coordinates research centers in cooperation with Ukraine's National Academy of Sciences. The university considers development of unconventional gas deposits in Ukraine, such as shale gas, to be important for sustainable development. As the leading oil and gas university, IFNTUOG has significant scientific, educational, staff and social potential to support research and engineering projects for unconventional gas development. It has established a Scientific-Educational Center for Shale Gas and participates in various international cooperation initiatives and European projects related to energy and innovation.
Web of Science Profiles aims to facilitate reporting on an institution's complete research outputs across all organizational levels. It does this by semi-automatically creating and maintaining profiles for researchers in a shared environment. Profiles are pre-populated with Web of Science data and matched to internal HR data to connect publications to authors and departments. As records are enriched and corrected, this feedback loops back to enrich Web of Science. Profiles provide customized reporting and metrics at the researcher, department, and institutional levels to comprehensively track research performance.
Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (IFNTUOG) educates over 11,000 students across 7 institutes, with over 600 international students from 39 countries. IFNTUOG has the highest level of accreditation and trains professionals for oil and gas engineering and other fields. Student life involves discovering new cultures through sports and sharing knowledge of native countries.
IrEnvironmental Presence of Heavy Metal Contamination of Industrial Tributary...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that analyzed heavy metal contamination in the Trönningeån stream and its Kistingebäcken tributary in southern Sweden. Water samples were collected from 7 locations along the river and tributary under both high and low flow conditions and analyzed for copper, zinc, cadmium, pH and conductivity levels. The study found that copper, zinc and cadmium concentrations were highest in the tributary, which receives discharge from nearby industries and a landfill. It concluded that the Kistingebäcken tributary contributes significantly to heavy metal pollution in the Trönningeån river.
The document discusses new technologies for sustainable agriculture in arid lands. It proposes using Russian organic fertilizers and soil conditioners to construct protective soil layers. These layers would increase water retention and nutrient capacity while preventing salt accumulation. Modeling shows layers containing organic matter like peat or hydrogels can significantly reduce water infiltration and retain more moisture for plants. The document advocates optimizing irrigation to supply only plant water demands, choosing salt-tolerant crops, and using crushed stones and organic-rich layers to construct soils that protect against salinization.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Hydrochemistry of groundwater with special reference to arsenic in Lakhimpur ...IOSR Journals
The present study aims to understand the severity of Arsenic contamination along with the hydrochemistry of ground water in Lakhimpur Kheri, one of the largest districts in Uttar Pradesh, India. Ground water samples collected from 102 handpumps from 15 blocks were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and Arsenic. The groundwater quality data were analysed statistically. The characteristic features of groundwater indicated the presence of As (0- 0.224 mg/L), Fe (0.011-8.634mg/L), Na+ (2.84-62.12 mg/L), K+ (1.21-51.20 mg/L), Ca2+ (6-102mg/L), Mg2+ (10-126), Cl- (2.19-133.96 mg/L), SO42- (1-269.92 mg/L), NO3- (0.11-2.61 mg/L) and HCO3- (122-549 mg/L). The pH of the groundwater was found to be neutral to slightly alkaline (6.88-8.45) with high EC (471-1569 μS/cm) and TDS (289-1042 mg/L). Of the total samples analysed, 41.18% contained As > 10μg/L, 13.73% contained As < 10μg/L, while in the rest of the samples As was found to be below detectable limit. Severe As contamination was reported mainly in six blocks of the study area- Pallia, Nighasan, Dhawahara, Ramia Beher, Isanagar and Nakaha. The highly contaminated block was Pallia where all the samples contained As above permissible limit. However, maximum As concentration (0.224 mg/L) was reported from a deep well handpump of village Dubha from Nighasan block. Both Shallow and deep bore handpumps were analysed to study the distribution pattern of As with depth. No systematic relationship was found. Arsenic showed insignificant correlation with EC, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, NO3- Cl- and SO42- but poor correlation with Fe (r2 = 0.391) and pH (r2 = 0.018). Factor analysis was applied to reveal the processes controlling the hydrochemistry of groundwater and to understand the factors responsible for the release of As in groundwater of the study area. Extensive study in the affected areas advocates that the leaching of Arsenic in underground water is controlled by the magnitude of oxidizing environmental conditions created in the affected zones where As (III) oxidized to As (V) is introduced in the aquifers and gets adsorbed on iron rich grains.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IFNTUOG is Ukraine's only oil and gas higher education institution with about 8,500 students. It has 17 research schools, 30 R&D labs, and coordinates research centers in cooperation with Ukraine's National Academy of Sciences. The university considers development of unconventional gas deposits in Ukraine, such as shale gas, to be important for sustainable development. As the leading oil and gas university, IFNTUOG has significant scientific, educational, staff and social potential to support research and engineering projects for unconventional gas development. It has established a Scientific-Educational Center for Shale Gas and participates in various international cooperation initiatives and European projects related to energy and innovation.
Web of Science Profiles aims to facilitate reporting on an institution's complete research outputs across all organizational levels. It does this by semi-automatically creating and maintaining profiles for researchers in a shared environment. Profiles are pre-populated with Web of Science data and matched to internal HR data to connect publications to authors and departments. As records are enriched and corrected, this feedback loops back to enrich Web of Science. Profiles provide customized reporting and metrics at the researcher, department, and institutional levels to comprehensively track research performance.
Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (IFNTUOG) educates over 11,000 students across 7 institutes, with over 600 international students from 39 countries. IFNTUOG has the highest level of accreditation and trains professionals for oil and gas engineering and other fields. Student life involves discovering new cultures through sports and sharing knowledge of native countries.
Active suspension System of Automobiles.Mayank khare
An active suspension system,has the capability to adjust itself continuously to changing road conditions. It "artificially" extends the design parameters of the system by constantly monitoring and adjusting itself, thereby changing its character on an ongoing basis. It's schizophrenic, if you will, but with a purpose. With advanced sensors and microprocessors feeding it information all the time, its identity remains fluid, contextual, amorphous. By changing its character to respond to varying road conditions, active suspension offers superior handling, road feel, responsiveness and safety.
Презентация с открытого занятия «Нетологии», на котором Марк Хлынов рассказал о тонкостях ведения русскоязычного SlideShare-канала. Марк – генеральный директор презентационного агентства esPrezo и наш преподаватель.
Презентация будет полезней вместе с видеозаписью занятия. Смотрите бесплатно по ссылке: http://netolo.gy/f0
SlideShare now has a player specifically designed for infographics. Upload your infographics now and see them take off! Need advice on creating infographics? This presentation includes tips for producing stand-out infographics. Read more about the new SlideShare infographics player here: http://wp.me/p24NNG-2ay
This infographic was designed by Column Five: http://columnfivemedia.com/
This document provides tips to avoid common mistakes in PowerPoint presentation design. It identifies the top 5 mistakes as including putting too much information on slides, not using enough visuals, using poor quality or unreadable visuals, having messy slides with poor spacing and alignment, and not properly preparing and practicing the presentation. The document encourages presenters to use fewer words per slide, high quality images and charts, consistent formatting, and to spend significant time crafting an engaging narrative and rehearsing their presentation. It emphasizes that an attractive design is not as important as being an effective storyteller.
150216_НАК Надра_Конференция _eng - final 5Igor Zaitsev
National Joint Stock Company “Nadra Ukrayny” manages Ukraine's state geological enterprises and has explored 350 oil and gas deposits. However, Ukraine's energy industry requires legal and tax reforms to attract more investment for developing conventional and unconventional reserves. Three new investment projects were proposed: 1) Developing the Oleska unconventional gas block in Western Ukraine, 2) Providing state-guaranteed loans for seismic surveys and exploration drilling of 7 new areas, and 3) Beginning oil shale production at the large Boltysh deposit and constructing a new power plant. These projects could significantly increase Ukraine's energy independence if the new government implements reforms to support the country's energy industry.
"Environmental Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing Treatment Performed on the Łebień LE-2H Well in Poland" - An indepth study performed by the Polish Geological Institute on the environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing at a well site in Poland carried out in August 2011. The study finds that soil, air and water are not negatively impacted by fracking when it's done according to regulation.
Regulations on exploration and production of (unconventional) hydrocarbons i...kt-energy
The survey has been prepared by KT-Energy LLC within the framework of Ukrainian Unconventional Gas Institute project, implemented by Shell Exploration and Production Investments (IV) BV in cooperation wit hthe British Council.
The document analyzes the deposition of nitrogen compounds in the intake zone of the "Grotowice" water intake located in Poland. It uses the EMEP MSC-W air pollution model to estimate wet and dry deposition of nitrogen pollutants within the intake zone for 2003 and 2013. The analysis identified major pollution sources and risk factors for water quality within the intake zone. While nitrogen pollution levels in intake water have decreased over time, nitrogen compounds remain a problem for the intake. Further testing and establishing protective zones around each well were recommended.
List of folders – Part : GENERAL
List of folders – Part : ARCHITECTURE
List of folders – Part : CONSTRUCTION
List of folders – Part :ELECTRICAL
List of folders – Part : Water Supply and Sewerage
List of folders – Part: heating supply, ventilation and air conditioning
List of folders – Part: ENERGY EFFICIENCY
List of folders – Part: AUTOMATISATION
List of folders – Part: FIRE ALARM
List of folders – Part: CCTV
List of folders – Part: VERTICAL PLANNING
List of folders – Part: Landscaping and DEVELOPMENT
List of folders – Part: LANDFILL FOR NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE. GROUND BASE
List of folders – Part: TECHNOLOGY FOR CONSTRUCTION OF EMBANKMENTS. ASSESMENT OF THE STABILITY OF SLOPES
List of folders – Part: TECHNOLOGICAL
List of folders – Part :FIRE SAFETY
List of folders – Part :FIRE PROTECTION OF THE STEEL BEARING STRUCTURES
List of folders – Part : Fire safety
List of folders – Part : OPERATION AND MONITORING
List of folders – Part : ACCOUNTING RECORDS
- The document discusses plans to construct regional waste treatment facilities on Site No. 5 Byala-North I in Bulgaria to serve the Borovo region. This site and an alternative site were selected in 2005 as the most suitable locations.
- Detailed engineering and geological studies have been conducted on the two sites. Regional authorities have confirmed in writing that they support using Site No. 5 for the waste management system.
- The site is described as covering 100 acres and located about 2km from the town of Byala. It will include facilities for waste separation, treatment, composting, and landfills for municipal and construction waste.
The document discusses plans to build a 50MW geothermal power plant in Djibouti's Assal Rift area. The project will help address Djibouti's electricity needs and boost its economy by providing a renewable source of power. Phase I of the project involving surface exploration and feasibility studies is complete. Phase II will involve exploratory drilling and confirming the geothermal resource. The plant is expected to begin operations in 2014. Iceland's experience with similar geothermal resources will help with the technical design and operation of the Djibouti plant.
This document discusses mining technology used at various underground mines around the world. It describes how mines in South Africa and Poland use very small mining equipment to extract narrow seams of platinum and copper ore only 1.6-1.8 meters high. The mines collaborate with equipment manufacturers to develop specialized low-profile machines. It also discusses how computerized drilling rigs and remote monitoring systems help increase efficiency at mines in Finland and Poland. Overall, the document examines the state of underground mining technology globally and how different operations apply advanced equipment to optimize production in various geological conditions.
2010-2012 GROUNDWATER PLUME AND SOURCE INVESTIGATION IN CAPPED MSW LANDFILL & CHLORINATED SOLVENT DEEP VERTICAL PROFILING
Kandiyohi County Landfill, SW-79
New London, Minnesota
Additional investigative and possible corrective action measures appeared warranted to remediate volatile organic compound (VOC) contamination in the groundwater at the property lines of a municipal solid waste landfill in West Central Minnesota. This work was required by the Minnesota Pollution
Control Agency (MPCA) in 2010. The landfill owner had to
develop and implement a plan that would define the extent of the plume and establish an effective long term groundwater monitoring system.
The source area of the VOCs appeared to be a 23 acre unlined section of the landfill, called the Old Phase I Disposal Area. Preliminary corrective action discussions included total excavation and relocation of the waste material within the Old Phase I Disposal Area to a new lined space on site. Initial cost estimates ranged from 3 to 4 million dollars to complete the relocation of the waste in this area.
Video available at https://youtu.be/ELoWK4yUfr8
design specification and problems of kuraz irrigation schemetamasgenqmokonnin
project work on design specification and design ,construction and management problems of omo kuraz-1 sugar development project irrigation system. omo kuraz irrigation project construction was started since 2004 E,c . its for education purpose only
Characterizing Automobile Industrial Wastewater and its Impacts on Surroundin...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
The wastewater from industries varies so greatly in both flow and pollution strength. So, it is impossible to assign fixed values to their constituents. It is necessary to pretreat the wastes prior to release to the municipal system since lack of adequate treatment of the effluent can cause deterioration of the ecosystem, die off and contamination of the aquatic environment. These adverse effects necessitated the study of wastewater effect on surface water body at Emene Industrial Layout, Enugu State, Nigeria. Wastewater samples were collected, analyzed and compared with the plot of treatment means. The results obtained from the study were compared with WHO and NIS 554 water standards. The wastewater analysis suggested that contaminant at the untreated stage was very high. The results of the treated and river sample were within the WHO and NIS 554 allowable water ranges. Samples at discharge point recorded increased values which suggest high re-contamination along the open channel (from non-point sources) before discharge. This calls for proper monitoring and treatment of the industrial effluent prior to ground water recharge or discharge to surface water.
Eia of Navi Mumbai International Airport (NMIA) Monika Arora
The document provides an environmental impact assessment for the proposed Navi Mumbai International Airport (NMIA) project. It describes the need for a new airport to ease overcrowding at Mumbai's existing airports. The proposed site is located near Panvel, about 45 km from Mumbai. Key impacts include loss of mangroves and biodiversity, as well as impacts from construction activities and future airport operations. Mitigation measures are proposed to address impacts on air quality, biodiversity, noise levels, and more. The assessment concludes that development is necessary for the region if carried out sustainably with environmental protection measures.
The document discusses plans to create two industrial parks in the Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine. It summarizes the strategic aim of creating industrial parks to diversify the regional economy. It also outlines international best practices in industrial park development and the history of industrial parks in Ukraine. Details are then provided on the proposed energy and transport infrastructure for the planned industrial parks in Pavlohrad and Kryvbas, including gas, electricity, water and transportation connections. Finally, steps for establishing each park are outlined, including selecting a management company and including the parks in Ukraine's state registry.
1) The document summarizes the status of efforts to decommission Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station units 1-4 as of March 6, 2013. It describes the plant parameters, radiation levels, accumulated water processing and storage, installation of water shielding walls to prevent groundwater contamination, and plans for spent fuel removal.
2) Radiation doses at the site boundary were below legal limits, with a maximum of 6.8 microsieverts per hour. Water temperatures in spent fuel pools were maintained between 10-21 degrees Celsius.
3) Plans are outlined to improve reliability of cooling systems, install multi-nuclide removal facilities, and remove spent fuel from Unit 4 by late 2014 and Unit 3 within 2014
- Henri Silalahi has over 17 years of experience in oil and gas operations with companies like Chevron, Schlumberger, Pertamina, and Elnusa.
- He has a Master's degree from Colorado School of Mines and has worked on projects in Indonesia, USA, and Kuwait.
- Some of his roles include project manager, subsurface advisor, development geologist, and formation evaluation specialist. He has expertise in various EOR methods, reservoir modeling, and field development.
The document summarizes an environmental impact assessment study for a proposed 1320 MW thermal power plant project in Payra, Bangladesh. The key points are:
1. The project involves constructing two 660 MW power units fueled by coal to help meet Bangladesh's growing energy demands and reduce reliance on natural gas.
2. The plant would be located near Kazol River in Patuakhali district and have the potential for an additional 1320 MW unit in the future.
3. The study analyzed environmental impacts from constructing and operating the plant on air and water quality, land use, biodiversity, and socioeconomics as well as proposed mitigation measures.
The Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas (IFNTUOG):
- Was established in 1967 and is a leading university in Ukraine providing education related to the oil and gas industry.
- Offers a wide range of bachelor's, master's, and doctoral programs across 10 institutes covering topics such as petroleum engineering, economics, mechanics, geology, and more.
- Has over 11,000 students and 800 faculty members, many of whom are involved in research activities and international collaborations to support Ukraine's oil and gas industry.
Запрошення семінар "Революція, соціальні зміни і громадянське суспільство. Історичні та політичні потрясіння в Німецько-Українсько-Європейському контексті"
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2. 1. Geological structure of western end of East European
platform and characteristic of gas perspective Silurian
shale rocks.
2. Hydrogeological characteristic of western end of East
European platform. The main sources of fresh water
and volumes of its consumption in Ivano-Frankivsk
and Lviv Region.
3. The main stages of exploration and development of
fields of natural gas from shale rocks.
4. Technical and social aspects of exploration and
development of fields of natural gas from shale rocks
in Ivano-Frankivsk Region.
2
7. The largest shale gas fields in the USA
Perspective Oleska
Area S=6 324 km2
Average annual volume of water used in the
course of development of Barnett field (15 000
wells):
5,3 million m3 (< 2% general Texas offtake)
Marcellus field:
75 million m3 (0,8% general offtake of New York,
Western Virginia and Pennsylvania)
PREDICTED
AVERAGE ANNUAL VOLUME OF
WATER, NECESSARY TO
DEVELOP
OLESKA AREA:
2,26 million m3
(0,63% general offtake of Lviv and
Ivano-Frankivsk Regions)
Average annual volume of water used to develop
km2 of shale gas field
Fraction of water used for shale gas field
development relative to general territory offtake
Sources of water withdrawal for wells drilling in the
USA (fraction of each fluctuates depending on
hydrogeological situation in a certain region):
- Surface water
- Groundwater
- Municipal and private water reservoirs
- Reuse of discharged water after treatment
With the establishment of technology and field
development methodology, volumes of water, used for a
well are decreased with the lapse of time!!!
* http://fracfocus.org/
Correlation of fields’
square areas
7
8. 8
Water consumption by the main industrial bodies (in 2012)
Provision with water
resources per 1
person:
3,22 thousand m3/ year
(Ivano-Frankivsk
Region)
1,82 thousand m3/ year
(Lviv Region)
Fraction of water resources
consumption by different branches in
2012.
Surface and subsurface water
resources
9. ТиповийгеологічнийрозрізОлеськоїділянки
ECOLOGICAL HAZARDS
of formation hydrofracturing connected with:
- groundwater contamination;
-surface water contamination.
Perspective Silurian shales are
buried at least 2000 m deeper
than fresh waterbearing
horizons and are overlapped
by thick layers (1000-2000 m)
of tight rocks.
The main waterbearing
horizons, used for water
offtake are buried at the depth
of up to 1000 m.
Typical well design
Well design provides for reliable insulation of water bearing horizons
from technological fluids along the whole length of its shaft.
To eliminate ecological hazards it’s necessary to maintain operating
practices of drilling.
9
10. THE MAIN ECOLOGICAL
HAZARDS:
-salt contamination of surface and
subsurface water and soils;
-underflooding of living
accommodations and utility
buildings;
- overflowing of brines over bank
of tailing pit # 2 and its ingression
into outer water reservoirs.
INDUSTRIAL WATER RESERVOIRS OF KALUSH-GOLYN
POTTASSIUM SALTS FIELD:
Dombrovskyy opencast mine, mine fields of deep-mined
output of potassium salts, chemical plant tailing pits
Annual growth of brines only in Dombrovskyy opencast
mine at the expense of precipitation and inflow of water
from waterbearing horizon is 4 million cub.m.
Characteristic of artificial water reservoirs of
Kalush-Golyn pottassium salts field
За 1 рікЗа 5 років
За 10 років
It is
enough for
11 years
and 11
months of
Oleska
Area
developme
nt
10
11. 11
Mining industry objects of Lviv-Volyn coal basin
MinesofVolyno-Podilskyybasin
Червоноградський ГПР
Нововолинський ГПР
12. Correlation of brines volume and mine pit
water of the region to predicted water needs
for Oleska Area
12
13. 1. Geophysical survey, in
particular 3D seismic
prospecting
2. Geological and
geophysical
modeling
3. Optimal place selection
for an exploration well
4. Ecological monitoring of
environment before drilling
8. Geophysical
monitoring of
hydrofracturing process
5. Exploration
drilling and wells
testing
7. Production drilling
6. Petrophysical
investigation
and analysis of
core samples
13
14. Development of natural gas from shale rocks
will enable us to solve a number of social
and economical issues:
1.Citizens will be provided with domestically produced gas
resources.
2.The region will obtain a significant number of additional
jobs incl. jobs that aren’t directly connected with
exploration, surveying and production of gas from shale
rocks.
3.Budgets of different levels will get stable financial income.
4.It will ensure development of oil and gas education,
science and technologies in Ukraine and its western region,
corresponding with the highest international standards.
5.Guaranteed development of other branches of industry
and agriculture.
14
15. Technical forewarnings:
1. For wells drilling its necessary to use powerful drilling
rigs that ensure maximum efficiency of drilling and
decrease on state time of drilled rocks.
2.Reliable geophysical control of well cementing, especially
in the course of re-covering of waterbearing horizons with
drinking and mineralized water.
3.Hydrofracturing of shale reservoirs must be accompanied
by distant geophysical control.
4.Upon accomplishing of well exploitation it must be
properly abandoned by cementing of a well shaft itself and
outer well zone where hydrofracturing is accomplished.
15
16. Ecological forewarnings:
1.Strictly comply with established standards concerning
environmental protection while wells drilling and placement
of other oil and gas equipment.
2.Improve working normative documents which regulate
environmental protection rules with consideration of
international and project experience.
3.Carry out preliminary ecological and hydrogeological
investigation of territory where shale gas is going to be
produced. Such an investigation will record current state of
environment and will provide the possibility to avoid
ecological hazards in future.
4.Maintain constant monitoring of ecosystem of the territory
comprising the area where a well is being drilled.
16
17. Ecological forewarnings:
5.In the course of wells drilling it’s necessary to use cluster
drilling method (a number of directional wells are drilled
from one site) which creates minimum ecological load upon
surface.
6.Carry out reliable and controlled re-covering of surface
waterbearing horizons by steel pipes and cementing to
avoid their contamination or linking with other horizons,
fresh water horizons included.
7.Develop or use technologies which would allow recycling
of fluids used in drilling and hydrofracturing.
17
18. Ecological forewarnings:
8.If there is a technological possibility, use for
hydrofracturing not only fresh water but also technical
water, obtained as a result of industrial activities of other
enterprises.
9.Recultivate area of drilling after abandonment of all
cluster wells.
10.Use modern world and domestic technologies to ensure
ecological safety in the course of drilling, hydrofracturing
and gas wells exploitation.
11.Invest in full recovery of ecological system in case of its
deterioration as a result of industrial activities.
18
19. What must be done today?
1.It’s necessary to carry out complex geological investigations
aimed at generalization of all geological and geophysical
materials and creation of coordinated structure model of shale
rocks bedding territory, aimed at prediction of areas of the
most possible occurrence of gas saturated shales.
2.Provide decentralization of rent payments and value tax for
natural resources use, starting from the level of territories
owners and local budgets, where hydrocarbons are produced.
3.Reconsider the law about deduction of 10% of state income
on all product distribution agreements while hydrocarbons
production so that funds will be allocated first to the owners of
territories and only then to local budgets, district and regional
budgets.
4.Spread the application of this law to all oil and gas producing
enterprises regardless of ownership type.
19
20. Start of exploration and surveying operations and possible
subsequent production of natural gas from shale rocks will
ensure economical upturn as well as rise of political
influence of Western Region and Ukraine in general.
Conclusion:
Reasoning from geological, technical and ecological
preconditions and in compliance with established technical
and ecological regulations concerning exploration,
surveying and production of natural gas, there are no
forewarnings as to carrying out of activities aimed at
investigation and development of prospective natural gas
resources from shale rocks.
20
21. 21
The list of Institutes of IFNTUOG that provide
training of engineers according to the
specialties that cover all stages of
exploration and development of natural gas
from shale rocks:
Institute of Geology and Geophysics
Institute of Environmental Engineering
Institute of Petroleum Engineering
Institute of Mechanical Engineering
Institute of Power Engineering
Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical
University of Oil and Gas (ІFNTUOG) is
the only higher educational institution in
Ukraine that trains specialists for all
areas of oil and gas industry.