Peptide chemists have a myriad of approaches available to optimize lead peptide structures for activity, potency and the desired selectivity for the target of interest. Thus multiple modifications and/or longer-range structural features (e.g. cyclization) are often necessary to obtain the desired stability. For example, while gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) already contains pyroglutamic acid at the N-terminus and a C-terminal amide, clinically used analogs contain a D-amino acid at position 6 in the middle of the peptide to stabilize the peptides to metabolism as well as modified C-termini.
Post translation modifications(molecular biology)IndrajaDoradla
description of post translation modifications which include folding,proteolytic clevage and chemical modification and protein splicing and protein degradation
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response. Proteins responsible for detecting stimuli are generally termed receptors, although in some cases the term sensor is used.The changes elicited by ligand binding (or signal sensing) in a receptor give rise to a biochemical cascade, which is a chain of biochemical events as a signaling pathway.When signaling pathways interact with one another they form networks, which allow cellular responses to be coordinated, often by combinatorial signaling events. At the molecular level, such responses include changes in the transcription or translation of genes, and post-translational and conformational changes in proteins, as well as changes in their location. These molecular events are the basic mechanisms controlling cell growth, proliferation, metabolism and many other processes.In multicellular organisms, signal transduction pathways have evolved to regulate cell communication in a wide variety of ways.
Sugars are molecules of fundamental importance for life on earth. Sugars act as primary carriers of captured energy from the sun. Sugars not only fuel cellular carbon and energy metabolism but also pay pivotal role as signaling molecules and sugar status modulates & coordinates internal regulators that govern growth and development. The genes involved in production of carbon from photosynthesis with its utilization, mobilization and allocation in various tissues at different developmental stages are highly regulated by sugars. In most plants, sucrose (Suc) is the end product of photosynthesis for translocation from the source to heterotrophic sinks through the sieve element/companion cell complex of the phloem.
Protein Structure, Post Translational Modifications and Protein FoldingSuresh Antre
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are covalent processing events that change the properties of a protein by proteolytic cleavage or by addition of a modifying group to one or more amino acids.
Protein post-translational modification (PTM) plays an essential role in various cellular processes that modulates the physical and chemical properties, folding, conformation, stability and activity of proteins, thereby modifying the functions of proteins
Post translational modification in plants.Amit Dhuri
This ppt describes all the post transcriptional modifications that take place in plants and its importance in plants functioning.
The modifications are phosphorylation, Ubiquitination, Lipidation, Methylation
Peptide chemists have a myriad of approaches available to optimize lead peptide structures for activity, potency and the desired selectivity for the target of interest. Thus multiple modifications and/or longer-range structural features (e.g. cyclization) are often necessary to obtain the desired stability. For example, while gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) already contains pyroglutamic acid at the N-terminus and a C-terminal amide, clinically used analogs contain a D-amino acid at position 6 in the middle of the peptide to stabilize the peptides to metabolism as well as modified C-termini.
Post translation modifications(molecular biology)IndrajaDoradla
description of post translation modifications which include folding,proteolytic clevage and chemical modification and protein splicing and protein degradation
Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response. Proteins responsible for detecting stimuli are generally termed receptors, although in some cases the term sensor is used.The changes elicited by ligand binding (or signal sensing) in a receptor give rise to a biochemical cascade, which is a chain of biochemical events as a signaling pathway.When signaling pathways interact with one another they form networks, which allow cellular responses to be coordinated, often by combinatorial signaling events. At the molecular level, such responses include changes in the transcription or translation of genes, and post-translational and conformational changes in proteins, as well as changes in their location. These molecular events are the basic mechanisms controlling cell growth, proliferation, metabolism and many other processes.In multicellular organisms, signal transduction pathways have evolved to regulate cell communication in a wide variety of ways.
Sugars are molecules of fundamental importance for life on earth. Sugars act as primary carriers of captured energy from the sun. Sugars not only fuel cellular carbon and energy metabolism but also pay pivotal role as signaling molecules and sugar status modulates & coordinates internal regulators that govern growth and development. The genes involved in production of carbon from photosynthesis with its utilization, mobilization and allocation in various tissues at different developmental stages are highly regulated by sugars. In most plants, sucrose (Suc) is the end product of photosynthesis for translocation from the source to heterotrophic sinks through the sieve element/companion cell complex of the phloem.
Protein Structure, Post Translational Modifications and Protein FoldingSuresh Antre
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are covalent processing events that change the properties of a protein by proteolytic cleavage or by addition of a modifying group to one or more amino acids.
Protein post-translational modification (PTM) plays an essential role in various cellular processes that modulates the physical and chemical properties, folding, conformation, stability and activity of proteins, thereby modifying the functions of proteins
Post translational modification in plants.Amit Dhuri
This ppt describes all the post transcriptional modifications that take place in plants and its importance in plants functioning.
The modifications are phosphorylation, Ubiquitination, Lipidation, Methylation
1.Receptors Link to other Enzymatic Activity.
2.Pathway of Intracellular Signal Transduction.
3.The Cyclic AMP pathway4.Cyclic GMP pathway
5.Phospholipids and Ca2+
6.The PI3-Kinase /Akt and mTOR pathways.
7.MAP Kinase Pathway.
Prof. Stefano Fiorucci invito dall' Accademia Russa delle Scienze conferenza a San Pietroburgo su recettori nucleari e recettori per acid biliari utilizzati nel trattamento del diabete ed obesità e loro applicazione clinica
Seminar on molecular biology based on the article derived marine furanone reduces the accumulation of intracellular lipids in vitro by targeting LXR alpha and PPAR alpha.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
21. Biological roles of PPAR PPAR mediates the induction of multiple enzymes required to mobilize and transport fatty acids from adipose stores to liver for catabolism. Basis for therapeutic use in humans to lower serum lipids.
22. Biological roles of PPAR / Ligand activation of PPAR / leads to terminal differentiation of keratinocytes as shown by four independent laboratories. Activation of PPAR / in skeletal muscle leads to increased catabolism of fatty acids and improved insulin sensitivity.
23. Biological roles of PPAR The role of PPAR in carcinogenesis is also controversial. There is evidence that activation of PPAR can either potentiate or attenuate cancer, but current consensus favors attenuation.
24. Orchestration of Immune Responses TISSUES Thymus Spleen Lymph nodes Blood CELLS Lymphocytes Monocytes/Macs Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils Dendritic cells MOLECULES Complement Lysozyme Inflammatory mediators Chemokines Cytokines Innate immunity Adaptive Immunity PPARs are found in a number of immune cell types and there is evidence that they could modulate a number of different immune responses
Depending on developmental stage and environment, #, size, enzymes, metabolic function, varies. Grow on sugar: small peroxisomes Grow on methanol: large peroxisomes that oxidize methanol Grow on FA: large and break down FA to AcetylCoA by -oxidation
800Da 9nm gold balls coated with PTS1
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (or PPARs) are members of the steroid receptor superfamily and were cloned only recently in the early 1990s. Three subtypes have been identified including , , and , each encoded by a separate gene and exhibiting unique tissue distribution. For example, PPAR is found in high concentration in the liver, and as I will show you today has roles in both lipid metabolism and carcinogenesis. In contrast, PPAR is ubiquitously expressed and no function for this receptor has been identified. PPAR is found extensively in adipocytes and has been found to be involved in adipocyte differentiation.
As I eluded to, PPAR-dependent transcriptional regulation is actually a lot more complex than the previous slide. As shown in this slide, there are numerous sites that may be regulated including the presence or absence of ligands/activators, as well as intracellular levels of co-activators and co-repressors which may be different in different tissues. Once all of these regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated, we’ll have a more clear understanding of the diverse roles for the PPARs.
As I eluded to, PPAR-dependent transcriptional regulation is actually a lot more complex than the previous slide. As shown in this slide, there are numerous sites that may be regulated including the presence or absence of ligands/activators, as well as intracellular levels of co-activators and co-repressors which may be different in different tissues. Once all of these regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated, we’ll have a more clear understanding of the diverse roles for the PPARs.
As I eluded to, PPAR-dependent transcriptional regulation is actually a lot more complex than the previous slide. As shown in this slide, there are numerous sites that may be regulated including the presence or absence of ligands/activators, as well as intracellular levels of co-activators and co-repressors which may be different in different tissues. Once all of these regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated, we’ll have a more clear understanding of the diverse roles for the PPARs.
As I eluded to, PPAR-dependent transcriptional regulation is actually a lot more complex than the previous slide. As shown in this slide, there are numerous sites that may be regulated including the presence or absence of ligands/activators, as well as intracellular levels of co-activators and co-repressors which may be different in different tissues. Once all of these regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated, we’ll have a more clear understanding of the diverse roles for the PPARs.
As I eluded to, PPAR-dependent transcriptional regulation is actually a lot more complex than the previous slide. As shown in this slide, there are numerous sites that may be regulated including the presence or absence of ligands/activators, as well as intracellular levels of co-activators and co-repressors which may be different in different tissues. Once all of these regulatory mechanisms have been elucidated, we’ll have a more clear understanding of the diverse roles for the PPARs.