The document describes a study that analyzed the performance of a pseudo-single row radiator operated with different nanofluids. A pseudo-single row radiator design was created using 3D modeling software to address limitations in standard multi-row radiator designs by increasing surface area and heat conduction. Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyze the radiator's performance with four nanofluids - aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, copper oxide, and ethylene glycol - at three volume fractions. The results showed that copper oxide nanofluid provided the best performance compared to the other nanofluids.
Radiator is a device used to cool internal combustion engine by radiating heat out via a fluid called coolant which is being circulated around the engine.
Current generation radiators consist of two header tanks placed on bottom and top interlinked by a passage of tubes, which are flattened in order to maximize the surface area. It is made up of brass or copper soldered to brass headers, but to save money aluminum tubes with plastic headers may also be used.
IRJET- A Review : Design, Analysis & Optimization of Pipe Stack Heat Exchange...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a review paper on the design, analysis, and optimization of a 22 meter pipe stack heat exchanger. It discusses pipe stack heat exchangers and their common use in industries. The paper reviews literature on heat exchanger design parameters like baffle position, cut percentage, tube patterns, and material selection. It describes modeling a heat exchanger in Solidworks software and analyzing it to optimize heat transfer and pressure drop. The document concludes that parameters like tube diameter, length, material, and temperature can improve heat transfer rates in pipe stack heat exchangers.
IRJET-Numerical Investigation of Heat Performance Enhancement for a Double-Pi...IRJET Journal
This document presents a numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement in a double-pipe heat exchanger with continuous helical baffles in the annulus and either water or alumina nanofluid as the working fluid. The study varies baffle spacing, mass flow rate, and nanofluid concentration to analyze their effects on heat transfer rate, pressure drop, and thermal performance. Results show that adding helical baffles increases the fluid flow path and turbulence, enhancing heat transfer. Replacing water with nanofluid further improves heat transfer while also increasing pressure drop. Graphs comparing the different configurations are presented and agree with previous research findings. The goal is to optimize baffle design and nanofluid parameters to maximize heat transfer rate and performance for practical
1) The document presents a CFD study analyzing heat transfer enhancement in multi-lead rifled (MLR) boiler tubes compared to plain wall tubes.
2) The study varied geometric parameters of MLR tubes like number of riflings, rifling height, and pitch length to optimize heat transfer.
3) Simulation results at the operating conditions of an actual boiler show increased heat transfer and temperature with MLR tubes versus plain tubes. Implementation of optimized MLR tubes in the boiler is recommended to improve furnace heat transfer.
Numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer were performed for cross-flow
tube-type heat exchanger in staggered and in-line arrangement. The purpose of this
project was to simulate the process of forced convection heat transfer of air over a
heated cylindrical pure copper rod using finite element scheme and compared the
results with experimentally obtained data. Also, the work was to compare the
performance of both staggered and in-line tube bundle configurations. The cross-flow
tube-type heat exchangers consist of 25 mm transverse pitch, 18.75 mm longitudinal
pitch, 20 cylindrical rods of Ø12.5 mm in a 125 x 125 mm cross section. Finite
element simulation was carried out by modeling the working sections of the cross flow
heat exchangers. In this, Model geometry was created, meshed, calculated, and postprocessed
using FEMLAB 3.0 for ten different air inlet velocities corresponding to
experimental data obtained. The simulation results revealed 29.77% and 25.31%
deviation in Nusselt number from experimental results for staggered and in-line tube
bank respectively
IRJET-Numerical Investigation on Performance of VCR System using Shell and Tu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses numerically investigating the performance of a vapor compression refrigeration (VCR) system using different types of heat exchangers. It aims to replace an existing double pipe heat exchanger (DPHE) with a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) to improve efficiency. CFD analysis is conducted on both heat exchangers to compare their coefficient of performance (COP). The DPHE currently used has low efficiency, so a STHE is proposed as it has higher efficiency and requires less area. Helical baffles within the STHE may provide further improvements.
Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement of Pipe-inPipe Helical Coil H...iosrjce
This document presents an experimental study of heat transfer enhancement in a pipe-in-pipe helical coil heat exchanger. Experiments were conducted with two different inner coil diameters (6mm and 8mm) under varying mass flow rates in the inner coil and annulus. The overall heat transfer coefficient and inner Nusselt number were found to increase with increasing mass flow rates. Counter-flow configuration resulted in higher heat transfer rates than parallel flow due to the larger log mean temperature difference, though overall heat transfer coefficients were similar between the two flow arrangements. Experimental results for inner Nusselt number agreed with established correlations in parallel flow but were higher in counter-flow.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Radiator is a device used to cool internal combustion engine by radiating heat out via a fluid called coolant which is being circulated around the engine.
Current generation radiators consist of two header tanks placed on bottom and top interlinked by a passage of tubes, which are flattened in order to maximize the surface area. It is made up of brass or copper soldered to brass headers, but to save money aluminum tubes with plastic headers may also be used.
IRJET- A Review : Design, Analysis & Optimization of Pipe Stack Heat Exchange...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a review paper on the design, analysis, and optimization of a 22 meter pipe stack heat exchanger. It discusses pipe stack heat exchangers and their common use in industries. The paper reviews literature on heat exchanger design parameters like baffle position, cut percentage, tube patterns, and material selection. It describes modeling a heat exchanger in Solidworks software and analyzing it to optimize heat transfer and pressure drop. The document concludes that parameters like tube diameter, length, material, and temperature can improve heat transfer rates in pipe stack heat exchangers.
IRJET-Numerical Investigation of Heat Performance Enhancement for a Double-Pi...IRJET Journal
This document presents a numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement in a double-pipe heat exchanger with continuous helical baffles in the annulus and either water or alumina nanofluid as the working fluid. The study varies baffle spacing, mass flow rate, and nanofluid concentration to analyze their effects on heat transfer rate, pressure drop, and thermal performance. Results show that adding helical baffles increases the fluid flow path and turbulence, enhancing heat transfer. Replacing water with nanofluid further improves heat transfer while also increasing pressure drop. Graphs comparing the different configurations are presented and agree with previous research findings. The goal is to optimize baffle design and nanofluid parameters to maximize heat transfer rate and performance for practical
1) The document presents a CFD study analyzing heat transfer enhancement in multi-lead rifled (MLR) boiler tubes compared to plain wall tubes.
2) The study varied geometric parameters of MLR tubes like number of riflings, rifling height, and pitch length to optimize heat transfer.
3) Simulation results at the operating conditions of an actual boiler show increased heat transfer and temperature with MLR tubes versus plain tubes. Implementation of optimized MLR tubes in the boiler is recommended to improve furnace heat transfer.
Numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer were performed for cross-flow
tube-type heat exchanger in staggered and in-line arrangement. The purpose of this
project was to simulate the process of forced convection heat transfer of air over a
heated cylindrical pure copper rod using finite element scheme and compared the
results with experimentally obtained data. Also, the work was to compare the
performance of both staggered and in-line tube bundle configurations. The cross-flow
tube-type heat exchangers consist of 25 mm transverse pitch, 18.75 mm longitudinal
pitch, 20 cylindrical rods of Ø12.5 mm in a 125 x 125 mm cross section. Finite
element simulation was carried out by modeling the working sections of the cross flow
heat exchangers. In this, Model geometry was created, meshed, calculated, and postprocessed
using FEMLAB 3.0 for ten different air inlet velocities corresponding to
experimental data obtained. The simulation results revealed 29.77% and 25.31%
deviation in Nusselt number from experimental results for staggered and in-line tube
bank respectively
IRJET-Numerical Investigation on Performance of VCR System using Shell and Tu...IRJET Journal
This document discusses numerically investigating the performance of a vapor compression refrigeration (VCR) system using different types of heat exchangers. It aims to replace an existing double pipe heat exchanger (DPHE) with a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) to improve efficiency. CFD analysis is conducted on both heat exchangers to compare their coefficient of performance (COP). The DPHE currently used has low efficiency, so a STHE is proposed as it has higher efficiency and requires less area. Helical baffles within the STHE may provide further improvements.
Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement of Pipe-inPipe Helical Coil H...iosrjce
This document presents an experimental study of heat transfer enhancement in a pipe-in-pipe helical coil heat exchanger. Experiments were conducted with two different inner coil diameters (6mm and 8mm) under varying mass flow rates in the inner coil and annulus. The overall heat transfer coefficient and inner Nusselt number were found to increase with increasing mass flow rates. Counter-flow configuration resulted in higher heat transfer rates than parallel flow due to the larger log mean temperature difference, though overall heat transfer coefficients were similar between the two flow arrangements. Experimental results for inner Nusselt number agreed with established correlations in parallel flow but were higher in counter-flow.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
A Review on Study of Heat Transfer Analysis of Helical Coil Heat Exchangersijtsrd
Now a day’s a geometrically modified Helical coil heat exchangers are widely using in industrial applications like cryogenic state processes, air conditioning, thermal nuclear reactors and waste heat recovery due to their compact size and high heat transfer coefficient. Advantage of using helical coils over straight tubes is that the residence time spread is reduced, allowing helical coils to be used to reduce axial dispersion in tubular reactors. In this study, numerical investigation of the influence of geometrical parameters such as tube diameter d , coil radius R , and coil pitch p on overall heat transfer coefficient in helical double tube heat exchangers are performed using a professional CFD software FLUENT. In recent years, numerous styles were introduced for heat exchangers that apply to completely different applications sadly, their heat transfer co efficient wasnt reliable at different operational conditions. the standard of the heat changed rate wasnt optimized and there have been many deficiencies and errors in styles. The heat transfer of the copper material is enhanced in comparison with other material unfortunately thermal resistance is reduced with an increase in pressure drop thus enhancing the heat transfer on the heat exchanger. Helical architecture is often designed with a clear motive of compact size and also address heat transfer co efficient and other ancillary attributes efficiently and effectively. So the better material is suggested for an industrial heat exchanger according to the applications is Copper with the basis of simulation results. The geometry and different dimension parameter of the helical coil show that the proposed study in different material properties and different mass flow rates to heat transfer are maximum in different parameter helical coil heat exchangers. Finally, the heat transfer increase for the copper material compared to another material but with the increase in pressure drop the corresponding thermal resistance decreases which allow the improved heat transfer rate and the rate increases from Aluminum to Bronze to Copper. With the drop in temperature, the thermal resistance is reduced which enhances the heat transfer rate. The simulation results show that the copper has a high heat transfer coefficient than Aluminum and Bronze while operating in identical conditions. Due to the extensive use of helical coils in various applications, knowledge about the flow patterns and heat transfer characteristics are important. Atul Vats | Sunil Kumar Chaturvedi | Abhishek Bhandari "A Review on Study of Heat Transfer Analysis of Helical Coil Heat Exchangers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43650.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/mechanical-engineering/43650/a-review-on-study-of-heat-transfer-analysis-of-helical-coil-heat-exchangers/atul-vats
CFD Simulation and Heat Transfer Analysis of Automobile Radiator using Helica...IJERD Editor
To ensure smooth running of an automotive vehicle under any variable load conditions, one of the major systems necessary is the cooling system. Automobile radiators are becoming highly power-packed with increasing power to weight or volume ratio. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is one of the important software tools to access preliminary design and the performance of the radiator. In this paper, a 55 hp engine radiator data is taken for analysis in CFD. The model is done Pro-E software and imported in ANSYS-12. Helical tubes are considered for the radiator with two different pitches like 15mm & 20mm. The comparison is done for different mass flow rates like 2.3, 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 kg/sec in helical type tubes. It is found that there is more heat dissipation rate in 15mm pitch helical tubes compared to 20mm pitch helical tubes. Maximum temperature drop & minimum pressure drop occurs in case of 0.5 kg/sec of mass flow rate. It is observed that with increased mass flow rate, there is decrease in temperature drop & increase in pressure drop
This document summarizes a study on the thermal performance of a shell and tube heat exchanger using nanofluids. Finite volume modeling was used to analyze heat transfer and flow characteristics. Various nanofluids including Ag, Al2O3, CuO, SiO2, and TiO2 suspensions in water were tested and compared to pure water. The objectives were to analyze temperature profiles, heat transfer coefficients, pressure drops, and effectiveness. Results showed nanofluids had higher overall temperatures indicating more heat transfer compared to water alone. This study analyzed the potential for nanofluids to enhance heat exchanger performance.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of High Strength Concrete and Normal Strength...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of the structural behavior of high strength concrete (HSC) columns and normal strength concrete (NSC) columns when exposed to fire through an experimental study. Four reinforced concrete columns (three HSC columns and one NSC column) were subjected to concentric loading and exposed to heat in a laboratory furnace according to standard time-temperature curves. The HSC columns exhibited more spalling and faster loss of compressive strength when exposed to fire compared to the NSC column. Higher temperatures within the HSC columns also contributed to their decreased fire resistance relative to the NSC column. The results provide data on the differences in fire resistance between HSC and NSC columns and how loading levels and heating rates
Modeling and Fluid Flow Analysis of Wavy Fin Based Automotive RadiatorIJERA Editor
In continuous technological development, an automotive industry has increased the demand for high efficiency engines. A high efficiency engines in not only based on its performance but also for better fuel economy and less emission rate. Radiator is one of the important parts of the internal combustion engine cooling system. The manufacturing cost of the radiator is 20 percent of the whole cost of the engine. So improving the performance and reducing cost of radiators are necessary research. For higher cooling capacity of radiator, addition of fins is one of the approaches to increase the cooling rate of the radiator. In addition, heat transfer fluids at air and fluid side such as water and ethylene glycol exhibit very low thermal conductivity. As a result there is a need for new and innovative heat transfer fluids, known as “Nano fluid” for improving heat transfer rate in an automotive radiator. Recently there have been considerable research findings highlighting superior heat transfer performances of nanofluids about 15-25% of heat transfer enhancement can be achieved by using types of nanofluids. With these specific characteristics, the size and weight of an automotive car radiator can be reduced without affecting its heat transfer performance. An automotive radiator (Wavy fin type) model is modeled on modeling software CATIA V5 and performance evaluation is done on pre-processing software ANSYS 14.0. The temperature and velocity distribution of coolant and air are analyzed by using Computational fluid dynamics environment software CFX. Results have shown that the rate of heat transfer is better when nano fluid (Si C + water) is used as coolant, than the conventional coolant.
The hydrogen economy has been under rapid growth and development in recent years. Metal hydride based hydrogen storage systems deserve attention as they offer higher storage densities compared to high-pressure gas storage. It is the most compatible and economic method to store hydrogen. In these metal hydride storage devices, low heat transfer has been a key issue. The heat transfer rate can be enhanced by using various techniques.
A two-dimensional numerical analysis of coupled heat and mass transfer processes in a cylindrical metal hydride reactor containing MmNi4·6Al0·4 is presented. Performance studies on MmNi4·6Al0·4 based hydrogen storage device are carried out by varying the hydrogen supply pressure, absorption (cooling fluid) temperature and hydride bed thickness.
Review Paper on Experimental Analysis of Vortex TubeIRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on the experimental analysis of vortex tubes. It discusses several studies that examined how the geometric parameters and operating conditions of vortex tubes, such as nozzle diameter, tube length, inlet pressure, and cold fraction, influence the temperature separation and energy separation efficiency. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are used to study the internal flow phenomena and energy separation mechanisms. The studies found that there is an optimal tube length and nozzle diameter that maximize energy separation. Increasing the inlet pressure or decreasing the cold fraction also increases the temperature difference between the cold and hot outlets.
IRJET- Analysis of the Heat Transfer During Energy Storage in a Triplex Conce...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes heat transfer during energy storage in a triplex concentric tube using a phase change material (PCM). It discusses modeling the triplex concentric tube in Creo 2.0 and simulating heat transfer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in ANSYS. The study examines the impact of water temperature and heat transfer fluid flow on thermal energy storage. It analyzes heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer rate, and skin friction coefficient under different conditions. The main objective is to evaluate heat transfer during the charging and discharging processes of the PCM thermal energy storage unit.
Thermal and Metrological Studies on YTTRIA Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrie...msejjournal
Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs), routinely prepared from Ceramic based compositions (typically 8%Y2O3-ZrO2or 8YSZ) are being engineered to protect the metallic components from degradation in applications like gas turbines, jet and automotive engines. With a goal of finding improved TBC materials a wide variety of ceramics are being researched worldwide. Before physically preparing the TBCs of uncommon compositions in the laboratory, their suitability to perform can be predicted. Limited accessibility to detailed and realistic information on the influence of newer compositions (other than 8YSZ) on TBCs warrants methods to obtain this information.
In this paper, 8YSZ TBCs coated onto aluminium substratesare studied for thermal fatigue, thermal barrier and materials characteristics to determine the reliability of the coating configuration to withstand the harshness of test conditions under the framework of experiments. Thereafter, the results have been used to corroboratethe developed simulation model. Results obtained via thermal tests confirm the suitability of the model and we can predict the thermal barrier effects of TBCs when prepared from materials other than YSZ.
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis for Optimization of Helical Coil Heat Ex...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes computational fluid dynamic (CFD) optimization of a helical coil heat exchanger. It compares CFD analysis results to experimental results and finds that decreasing the pitch length of the helical coil and relative velocity of fluids increases heat transfer rate. The document also describes an experimental setup used to study a helical coil heat exchanger and discusses previous research analyzing factors that affect heat transfer in helical coil exchangers, such as pitch length, tube diameter, and fluid velocity.
Comparative Study of Transient Conditions for Continuous Operation and Interm...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to compare the transient conditions of an Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger (EATHE) system operated continuously versus intermittently in winter. Simulations were conducted for a 60m long pipe buried at 3.7m depth using three soil thermal conductivities. Results show intermittent operation provides a greater rise in air temperature compared to continuous operation, with more significant improvements seen for soil with lower thermal conductivity.
Comparative studies on heat transfer and fluid flow in cored brick and pebble...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The article reports on comparison of transient heat transfer and fluid flow in two different sensible heat storage devices using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The candidate heat storage devices considered were cored brick and pebble bed and air was taken to be the working fluid. Same geometrical, material, porosity and boundary conditions, have been used for both the cored brick and pebble bed heaters, to compare the axial temperature history and pressure drop. The heat storage system comprises alumina, either in form of pebbles of diameter 6.5 mm, packed to a length of 0.455m in a 43mm diameter pipe, or cored brick of 43mm diameter and same length with through holes to have the same porosity (0.48) as that of the former. The conditions at inlet, outlet and lateral surface too have been taken to be same for both the systems. The fluid flow was considered to be incompressible with k-epsilon model to predict turbulence, and the thermo-physical properties of fluid and solid were assumed to remain constant. Simulations carried out for an inlet temperature of 465 K for velocities ranging from 2m/s to 5 m/s revealed that pressure drop in pebble bed to be considerably higher than those in cored brick, while the temperature history exhibited mixed trends.
Keywords: Cored Brick, Pebble Bed and Porosity
The document describes an experimental and numerical study to enhance heat transfer on a heat exchanger using an air flow with water droplets and Al2O3/water nanofluid. The study used a test rig with an instrumented air duct to inject water droplets via nozzles toward a finned tube heat exchanger. Experiments tested different nozzle types, droplet locations, air/water flow rates and temperatures. Numerical analysis using ANSYS FLUENT modeled the governing equations to study parameter effects. Results showed maximum heat transfer enhancement of 45% occurred at a 2% nanofluid concentration with sprayed air, agreeing within 11% of experimental data.
This document summarizes a study on controlling aldehyde emissions from a 4-stroke spark ignition engine using methanol-blended gasoline with an improved catalytic converter design. The engine was tested with a conventional combustion chamber and one with a copper coating. Different catalysts including sponge iron and manganese ore were tested in the catalytic converter. Results showed that the copper coated chamber and catalytic converter with air injection reduced aldehyde emissions more effectively than other configurations tested.
Comparative Study of ECONOMISER Using the CFD Analysis IJMER
This paper presents a simulation of the economizer zone, which allowsstudying the flow
patterns developed in the fluid, while it flows along the length of the economizer. The past failure
details revelsthat erosion is more in U-bend areas of Economizer Unit because of increase in flue gas
velocity near these bends. But it isobserved that the velocity of flue gases surprisingly increases near
the lower bends as compared to upper ones. The model issolved using conventional CFD techniques by
FLUENT software. In which the individual tubes are treated as sub-gridfeatures. A geometrical model
is used to describe the multiplicity of heat-exchanging structures and the interconnectionsamong them.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a three-dimensional
modelof the economizer coil of single column tube. With equilibrium assumption applied for
description of the system chemistry. The flue gastemperature, pressure and velocity field of fluid flow
within an economizer tube using the actual bounda
Computational Analysis of CuO Nano Coolant in a Car RadiatorIOSRJMCE
Nanofluids are basically nanoparticles in base fluids. Nanofluids have unique features different from conventional solid-liquid mixtures in which nano sized particles of metals and nonmetals are dispersed. Due to improvement of mechanical properties, nanofluids are widely used in heat transfer industries. The coolant is used water-based, with the addition of glycols to prevent freezing and other additives to limit corrosion, erosion and cavitations. In this study 50-50 mixture of Ethylene Glycol with water (EGW) is tested and compared with another mixture by adding 2 percent Copper oxide (CuO). The geometric model of radiator is uploaded in Autodesk CFD software for its computational analysis. It is analyzed up to 100 iterations. Both the results are compared to find the improved heat transfer rate due to the addition of 2% CuO with Ethylene Glycol and water
Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in ...YogeshIJTSRD
The current presents looks at exhaust gases potential to recover low grade waste heat energy from internal combustion engines ICEs . A Prolonged Fin Counter Flow Heat Exchange PFCHE double tube was planned, analyzed, and supplied with water as working fluids to achieve this objective. The structure of a double pipe, Protracted Fin Heat Exchanger PFCHE , which performs a simulation study, is derived with exact measurements from one by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 research scholar, and then different shapes of the fin profiles were introduced in the designs suggested. The Fluent 17.0 is used for numerical analysis. The CFD results showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin, and previous studies by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin. When compared to the PFCHE with circular fin, the PFCHE net heat transfer rate is 1.76 percent higher and 2.82 percent higher than Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 report. Prof. Ranjeet Arya | Rahul Ade "Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in Diesel Engine Exhaust using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39939.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/39939/thermal-characteristics-of-different-shaped-fin-protracted-heat-exchanger-in-diesel-engine-exhaust-using-cfd/prof-ranjeet-arya
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way.
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way
CFD Investigation of Compact Heat Exchanger Having Different Fins with Nanofl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate heat transfer in a compact heat exchanger with different fin types and titanium dioxide nanofluid. It discusses past research on various techniques for enhancing heat transfer and reducing pressure losses in heat exchangers. The document then outlines the objectives, methodology, and potential implications of research using CFD and limited experimental data to develop new heat transfer and pressure drop correlations for plain, offset strip, and wavy fins, which are common in applications like cryogenics and aerospace. These new correlations could provide more accurate and broadly applicable insights for heat exchanger design compared to existing correlations.
A REVIEW PAPER ON ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOBILE RADIATORijsrd.com
An Automotive engine cooling system takes out of excess heat produced during engine operation. An automobile cooling system regulates engine surface temperature for engine optimum efficiency. Recent advancement and development in engine for power forced engine cooling system to develop new strategies to improve its performance efficiency. Also to reduce fuel consumption along with controlling engine emission to mitigate environmental pollution norms. This paper throws light on parameters which influence radiator performance along with reviews some of the conventional and modern approaches to enhance radiator performance. This review paper Focus on the various research papers regarding experimental, CFD and Numerical analysis to improving automobile radiator efficiency.
A Review on Study of Heat Transfer Analysis of Helical Coil Heat Exchangersijtsrd
Now a day’s a geometrically modified Helical coil heat exchangers are widely using in industrial applications like cryogenic state processes, air conditioning, thermal nuclear reactors and waste heat recovery due to their compact size and high heat transfer coefficient. Advantage of using helical coils over straight tubes is that the residence time spread is reduced, allowing helical coils to be used to reduce axial dispersion in tubular reactors. In this study, numerical investigation of the influence of geometrical parameters such as tube diameter d , coil radius R , and coil pitch p on overall heat transfer coefficient in helical double tube heat exchangers are performed using a professional CFD software FLUENT. In recent years, numerous styles were introduced for heat exchangers that apply to completely different applications sadly, their heat transfer co efficient wasnt reliable at different operational conditions. the standard of the heat changed rate wasnt optimized and there have been many deficiencies and errors in styles. The heat transfer of the copper material is enhanced in comparison with other material unfortunately thermal resistance is reduced with an increase in pressure drop thus enhancing the heat transfer on the heat exchanger. Helical architecture is often designed with a clear motive of compact size and also address heat transfer co efficient and other ancillary attributes efficiently and effectively. So the better material is suggested for an industrial heat exchanger according to the applications is Copper with the basis of simulation results. The geometry and different dimension parameter of the helical coil show that the proposed study in different material properties and different mass flow rates to heat transfer are maximum in different parameter helical coil heat exchangers. Finally, the heat transfer increase for the copper material compared to another material but with the increase in pressure drop the corresponding thermal resistance decreases which allow the improved heat transfer rate and the rate increases from Aluminum to Bronze to Copper. With the drop in temperature, the thermal resistance is reduced which enhances the heat transfer rate. The simulation results show that the copper has a high heat transfer coefficient than Aluminum and Bronze while operating in identical conditions. Due to the extensive use of helical coils in various applications, knowledge about the flow patterns and heat transfer characteristics are important. Atul Vats | Sunil Kumar Chaturvedi | Abhishek Bhandari "A Review on Study of Heat Transfer Analysis of Helical Coil Heat Exchangers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43650.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/mechanical-engineering/43650/a-review-on-study-of-heat-transfer-analysis-of-helical-coil-heat-exchangers/atul-vats
CFD Simulation and Heat Transfer Analysis of Automobile Radiator using Helica...IJERD Editor
To ensure smooth running of an automotive vehicle under any variable load conditions, one of the major systems necessary is the cooling system. Automobile radiators are becoming highly power-packed with increasing power to weight or volume ratio. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is one of the important software tools to access preliminary design and the performance of the radiator. In this paper, a 55 hp engine radiator data is taken for analysis in CFD. The model is done Pro-E software and imported in ANSYS-12. Helical tubes are considered for the radiator with two different pitches like 15mm & 20mm. The comparison is done for different mass flow rates like 2.3, 2.0, 1.0, 0.5 kg/sec in helical type tubes. It is found that there is more heat dissipation rate in 15mm pitch helical tubes compared to 20mm pitch helical tubes. Maximum temperature drop & minimum pressure drop occurs in case of 0.5 kg/sec of mass flow rate. It is observed that with increased mass flow rate, there is decrease in temperature drop & increase in pressure drop
This document summarizes a study on the thermal performance of a shell and tube heat exchanger using nanofluids. Finite volume modeling was used to analyze heat transfer and flow characteristics. Various nanofluids including Ag, Al2O3, CuO, SiO2, and TiO2 suspensions in water were tested and compared to pure water. The objectives were to analyze temperature profiles, heat transfer coefficients, pressure drops, and effectiveness. Results showed nanofluids had higher overall temperatures indicating more heat transfer compared to water alone. This study analyzed the potential for nanofluids to enhance heat exchanger performance.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of High Strength Concrete and Normal Strength...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of the structural behavior of high strength concrete (HSC) columns and normal strength concrete (NSC) columns when exposed to fire through an experimental study. Four reinforced concrete columns (three HSC columns and one NSC column) were subjected to concentric loading and exposed to heat in a laboratory furnace according to standard time-temperature curves. The HSC columns exhibited more spalling and faster loss of compressive strength when exposed to fire compared to the NSC column. Higher temperatures within the HSC columns also contributed to their decreased fire resistance relative to the NSC column. The results provide data on the differences in fire resistance between HSC and NSC columns and how loading levels and heating rates
Modeling and Fluid Flow Analysis of Wavy Fin Based Automotive RadiatorIJERA Editor
In continuous technological development, an automotive industry has increased the demand for high efficiency engines. A high efficiency engines in not only based on its performance but also for better fuel economy and less emission rate. Radiator is one of the important parts of the internal combustion engine cooling system. The manufacturing cost of the radiator is 20 percent of the whole cost of the engine. So improving the performance and reducing cost of radiators are necessary research. For higher cooling capacity of radiator, addition of fins is one of the approaches to increase the cooling rate of the radiator. In addition, heat transfer fluids at air and fluid side such as water and ethylene glycol exhibit very low thermal conductivity. As a result there is a need for new and innovative heat transfer fluids, known as “Nano fluid” for improving heat transfer rate in an automotive radiator. Recently there have been considerable research findings highlighting superior heat transfer performances of nanofluids about 15-25% of heat transfer enhancement can be achieved by using types of nanofluids. With these specific characteristics, the size and weight of an automotive car radiator can be reduced without affecting its heat transfer performance. An automotive radiator (Wavy fin type) model is modeled on modeling software CATIA V5 and performance evaluation is done on pre-processing software ANSYS 14.0. The temperature and velocity distribution of coolant and air are analyzed by using Computational fluid dynamics environment software CFX. Results have shown that the rate of heat transfer is better when nano fluid (Si C + water) is used as coolant, than the conventional coolant.
The hydrogen economy has been under rapid growth and development in recent years. Metal hydride based hydrogen storage systems deserve attention as they offer higher storage densities compared to high-pressure gas storage. It is the most compatible and economic method to store hydrogen. In these metal hydride storage devices, low heat transfer has been a key issue. The heat transfer rate can be enhanced by using various techniques.
A two-dimensional numerical analysis of coupled heat and mass transfer processes in a cylindrical metal hydride reactor containing MmNi4·6Al0·4 is presented. Performance studies on MmNi4·6Al0·4 based hydrogen storage device are carried out by varying the hydrogen supply pressure, absorption (cooling fluid) temperature and hydride bed thickness.
Review Paper on Experimental Analysis of Vortex TubeIRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on the experimental analysis of vortex tubes. It discusses several studies that examined how the geometric parameters and operating conditions of vortex tubes, such as nozzle diameter, tube length, inlet pressure, and cold fraction, influence the temperature separation and energy separation efficiency. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are used to study the internal flow phenomena and energy separation mechanisms. The studies found that there is an optimal tube length and nozzle diameter that maximize energy separation. Increasing the inlet pressure or decreasing the cold fraction also increases the temperature difference between the cold and hot outlets.
IRJET- Analysis of the Heat Transfer During Energy Storage in a Triplex Conce...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes heat transfer during energy storage in a triplex concentric tube using a phase change material (PCM). It discusses modeling the triplex concentric tube in Creo 2.0 and simulating heat transfer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in ANSYS. The study examines the impact of water temperature and heat transfer fluid flow on thermal energy storage. It analyzes heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer rate, and skin friction coefficient under different conditions. The main objective is to evaluate heat transfer during the charging and discharging processes of the PCM thermal energy storage unit.
Thermal and Metrological Studies on YTTRIA Stabilized Zirconia Thermal Barrie...msejjournal
Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs), routinely prepared from Ceramic based compositions (typically 8%Y2O3-ZrO2or 8YSZ) are being engineered to protect the metallic components from degradation in applications like gas turbines, jet and automotive engines. With a goal of finding improved TBC materials a wide variety of ceramics are being researched worldwide. Before physically preparing the TBCs of uncommon compositions in the laboratory, their suitability to perform can be predicted. Limited accessibility to detailed and realistic information on the influence of newer compositions (other than 8YSZ) on TBCs warrants methods to obtain this information.
In this paper, 8YSZ TBCs coated onto aluminium substratesare studied for thermal fatigue, thermal barrier and materials characteristics to determine the reliability of the coating configuration to withstand the harshness of test conditions under the framework of experiments. Thereafter, the results have been used to corroboratethe developed simulation model. Results obtained via thermal tests confirm the suitability of the model and we can predict the thermal barrier effects of TBCs when prepared from materials other than YSZ.
Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis for Optimization of Helical Coil Heat Ex...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes computational fluid dynamic (CFD) optimization of a helical coil heat exchanger. It compares CFD analysis results to experimental results and finds that decreasing the pitch length of the helical coil and relative velocity of fluids increases heat transfer rate. The document also describes an experimental setup used to study a helical coil heat exchanger and discusses previous research analyzing factors that affect heat transfer in helical coil exchangers, such as pitch length, tube diameter, and fluid velocity.
Comparative Study of Transient Conditions for Continuous Operation and Interm...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to compare the transient conditions of an Earth Air Tunnel Heat Exchanger (EATHE) system operated continuously versus intermittently in winter. Simulations were conducted for a 60m long pipe buried at 3.7m depth using three soil thermal conductivities. Results show intermittent operation provides a greater rise in air temperature compared to continuous operation, with more significant improvements seen for soil with lower thermal conductivity.
Comparative studies on heat transfer and fluid flow in cored brick and pebble...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The article reports on comparison of transient heat transfer and fluid flow in two different sensible heat storage devices using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The candidate heat storage devices considered were cored brick and pebble bed and air was taken to be the working fluid. Same geometrical, material, porosity and boundary conditions, have been used for both the cored brick and pebble bed heaters, to compare the axial temperature history and pressure drop. The heat storage system comprises alumina, either in form of pebbles of diameter 6.5 mm, packed to a length of 0.455m in a 43mm diameter pipe, or cored brick of 43mm diameter and same length with through holes to have the same porosity (0.48) as that of the former. The conditions at inlet, outlet and lateral surface too have been taken to be same for both the systems. The fluid flow was considered to be incompressible with k-epsilon model to predict turbulence, and the thermo-physical properties of fluid and solid were assumed to remain constant. Simulations carried out for an inlet temperature of 465 K for velocities ranging from 2m/s to 5 m/s revealed that pressure drop in pebble bed to be considerably higher than those in cored brick, while the temperature history exhibited mixed trends.
Keywords: Cored Brick, Pebble Bed and Porosity
The document describes an experimental and numerical study to enhance heat transfer on a heat exchanger using an air flow with water droplets and Al2O3/water nanofluid. The study used a test rig with an instrumented air duct to inject water droplets via nozzles toward a finned tube heat exchanger. Experiments tested different nozzle types, droplet locations, air/water flow rates and temperatures. Numerical analysis using ANSYS FLUENT modeled the governing equations to study parameter effects. Results showed maximum heat transfer enhancement of 45% occurred at a 2% nanofluid concentration with sprayed air, agreeing within 11% of experimental data.
This document summarizes a study on controlling aldehyde emissions from a 4-stroke spark ignition engine using methanol-blended gasoline with an improved catalytic converter design. The engine was tested with a conventional combustion chamber and one with a copper coating. Different catalysts including sponge iron and manganese ore were tested in the catalytic converter. Results showed that the copper coated chamber and catalytic converter with air injection reduced aldehyde emissions more effectively than other configurations tested.
Comparative Study of ECONOMISER Using the CFD Analysis IJMER
This paper presents a simulation of the economizer zone, which allowsstudying the flow
patterns developed in the fluid, while it flows along the length of the economizer. The past failure
details revelsthat erosion is more in U-bend areas of Economizer Unit because of increase in flue gas
velocity near these bends. But it isobserved that the velocity of flue gases surprisingly increases near
the lower bends as compared to upper ones. The model issolved using conventional CFD techniques by
FLUENT software. In which the individual tubes are treated as sub-gridfeatures. A geometrical model
is used to describe the multiplicity of heat-exchanging structures and the interconnectionsamong them.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a three-dimensional
modelof the economizer coil of single column tube. With equilibrium assumption applied for
description of the system chemistry. The flue gastemperature, pressure and velocity field of fluid flow
within an economizer tube using the actual bounda
Computational Analysis of CuO Nano Coolant in a Car RadiatorIOSRJMCE
Nanofluids are basically nanoparticles in base fluids. Nanofluids have unique features different from conventional solid-liquid mixtures in which nano sized particles of metals and nonmetals are dispersed. Due to improvement of mechanical properties, nanofluids are widely used in heat transfer industries. The coolant is used water-based, with the addition of glycols to prevent freezing and other additives to limit corrosion, erosion and cavitations. In this study 50-50 mixture of Ethylene Glycol with water (EGW) is tested and compared with another mixture by adding 2 percent Copper oxide (CuO). The geometric model of radiator is uploaded in Autodesk CFD software for its computational analysis. It is analyzed up to 100 iterations. Both the results are compared to find the improved heat transfer rate due to the addition of 2% CuO with Ethylene Glycol and water
Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in ...YogeshIJTSRD
The current presents looks at exhaust gases potential to recover low grade waste heat energy from internal combustion engines ICEs . A Prolonged Fin Counter Flow Heat Exchange PFCHE double tube was planned, analyzed, and supplied with water as working fluids to achieve this objective. The structure of a double pipe, Protracted Fin Heat Exchanger PFCHE , which performs a simulation study, is derived with exact measurements from one by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 research scholar, and then different shapes of the fin profiles were introduced in the designs suggested. The Fluent 17.0 is used for numerical analysis. The CFD results showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin, and previous studies by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin. When compared to the PFCHE with circular fin, the PFCHE net heat transfer rate is 1.76 percent higher and 2.82 percent higher than Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 report. Prof. Ranjeet Arya | Rahul Ade "Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in Diesel Engine Exhaust using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39939.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/39939/thermal-characteristics-of-different-shaped-fin-protracted-heat-exchanger-in-diesel-engine-exhaust-using-cfd/prof-ranjeet-arya
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way.
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way
CFD Investigation of Compact Heat Exchanger Having Different Fins with Nanofl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate heat transfer in a compact heat exchanger with different fin types and titanium dioxide nanofluid. It discusses past research on various techniques for enhancing heat transfer and reducing pressure losses in heat exchangers. The document then outlines the objectives, methodology, and potential implications of research using CFD and limited experimental data to develop new heat transfer and pressure drop correlations for plain, offset strip, and wavy fins, which are common in applications like cryogenics and aerospace. These new correlations could provide more accurate and broadly applicable insights for heat exchanger design compared to existing correlations.
A REVIEW PAPER ON ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOBILE RADIATORijsrd.com
An Automotive engine cooling system takes out of excess heat produced during engine operation. An automobile cooling system regulates engine surface temperature for engine optimum efficiency. Recent advancement and development in engine for power forced engine cooling system to develop new strategies to improve its performance efficiency. Also to reduce fuel consumption along with controlling engine emission to mitigate environmental pollution norms. This paper throws light on parameters which influence radiator performance along with reviews some of the conventional and modern approaches to enhance radiator performance. This review paper Focus on the various research papers regarding experimental, CFD and Numerical analysis to improving automobile radiator efficiency.
IRJET- Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics for the Flow of Air over a Heat...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze heat transfer from circular and diamond-shaped tubes. The study found that the diamond shape performed better than the circular shape. Specifically:
1) Temperature distribution results showed higher surface temperatures on the circular tube compared to the diamond tube. Higher Reynolds numbers also reduced surface temperatures for both shapes.
2) Nusselt number, a measure of heat transfer, increased with Reynolds number for both shapes. However, the diamond shape had higher Nusselt numbers, indicating better heat transfer performance compared to the circular shape.
3) Tube shape was found to significantly impact heat transfer characteristics, with the diamond shape offering better heat
A Survey On Heat Transfer Of Air Cooled Internal Combustion Engine Various Fi...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses heat transfer in air-cooled internal combustion engines. It focuses on improving heat transfer rates through the cooling fins on cylinder blocks.
2) Various fin geometries and materials have been studied through experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations. Triangular, elliptical, and perforated fins have shown improvements over traditional rectangular fins.
3) Key factors that affect heat transfer include fin geometry, number of fins, fin pitch, material properties, ambient conditions, and airflow velocity. Optimizing these parameters can enhance an engine's cooling ability while reducing overall weight.
A OVERVIEW OF THE RANKIN CYCLE-BASED HEAT EXCHANGER USED IN INTERNAL COMBUSTI...IAEME Publication
The majority of the heat produced by automobiles, primarily by diesel engines, is squandered in various ways. If this waste heat is collected, it can be applied in a variety of other ways. Recently, increased emphasis has been placed on the global issue of rapid economic growth, a relative energy scarcity, internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat, and environmental degradation. The remaining heat is released into the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems, leading to an increase in entropy and significant environmental pollution, so it is necessary to convert waste heat into useful work. Of the total heat supplied to the engine in the form of fuel, approximately 30 to 40% is converted into useful mechanical work. At 4000 RPM, the exhaust gas temperature is at its highest. So a recovery system is created for a constant RPM of 4000. A shell and tube heat exchanger and a uniflow steam engine connected to the main engine make up the recovery system. By reducing the frictional power at the main engine's power stroke and idle stroke, the linked steam engine increases the efficiency of the main engine. Due to the additional recovery system, the system's initial cost is significant. But over time, the system turns out to be profitable.
Suspended nanoparticles in conventional fluids,
called nanofluids, have been the subject of intensive study
worldwide since pioneering researchers recently discovered the
anomalous thermal behavior of these fluids. The heat transfer from
smaller area is achieved through microchannels. The heat transfer
principle states that maximum heat transfer is achieved in
microchannels with maximum pressure drop across it. In this
research work the experimental and numerical investigation for
the improved heat transfer characteristics of serpentine shaped
microchannel heat sink using Al2O3/water nanofluid is done. The
fluid flow characteristics is also analyzed for the serpentine
shaped micrchannel. The experimental results of the heat
transfer using Al2O3 nanofluid is compared with the numerical
values. The calculations in this work suggest that the best heat
transfer enhancement can be obtained by using a system with an
Al2O3–water nanofluid-cooled micro channel with serpentine
shaped fluid flow
This document reviews adsorption cooling systems. It introduces adsorption cooling and discusses traditional working pairs like silica gel/water as well as newer metal organic framework (MOF) materials like phthalic acid/water. The document outlines the basic process of an adsorption cooling system using a schematic and descriptions. It then reviews relevant literature on improving adsorption cooling system performance through better working pairs and adsorbent materials like MOFs. The conclusions discuss benefits of adsorption cooling like not requiring moving parts but also challenges like heat losses during the adsorption and desorption processes. Future work opportunities include enhancing heat transfer rates during these processes and optimizing adsorbent/adsorbate proportions and designs.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
1) The document describes a CFD study analyzing heat transfer enhancement in multi-lead rifled (MLR) boiler tubes compared to plain wall tubes.
2) The study varied geometric parameters of MLR tubes like number of riflings, rifling height, and pitch length to optimize heat transfer.
3) Simulation results at the operating conditions of an actual boiler showed increased heat transfer and temperatures with MLR tubes versus plain tubes.
Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Characteristics by Cooling Heat Pipe usin...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study that investigates using nanofluids to improve heat transfer in heat pipes. Specifically, it tests flowing aluminum oxide-water nanofluid through the condenser side of a sintered copper heat pipe, while hot water passes through the evaporator side. It finds that the nanofluid provides better heat transfer enhancement than plain water, as seen through lower logarithmic mean temperature differences and capacity ratios with increasing flow rates for the nanofluid case compared to water. The aim of the study is to explore nanofluids as an alternative coolant for improving heat transfer characteristics in compact electronic equipment.
IRJET- Design and Computational Analysis of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Con...IRJET Journal
This document describes a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of a shell and tube heat exchanger considering various parameters. The analysis models and simulates the geometry of a shell and tube heat exchanger using ANSYS to study the temperature and pressure fields inside the shell. Variables analyzed include mass flow rate, baffle inclination angle, outlet temperature, and pressure drop. The results show increased heat exchanger performance with a helical baffle design compared to a conventional segmental baffle design.
Design and Thermal Analysis of an Automotive Radiator for enhancing Flow Unif...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study to improve flow uniformity in an automotive radiator through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and design optimization. The researchers first modeled a single-pass radiator in CAD software and performed CFD analysis, finding non-uniform flow. They then redesigned the radiator as a three-pass system by lowering tube size. CFD analysis of the new design showed improved flow uniformity, lower pressure drops, and more uniform streamlines. Thermal analysis found the three-pass radiator achieved a lower coolant outlet temperature and higher heat rejection rate than the single-pass version. In summary, modifying a single-pass radiator to a three-pass design through reduced tube sizing was
Fvm Analysis for Thermal and Hydraulic Behaviour of Circular Finned Mpfhs by ...IJERA Editor
In this exploration the influence of using two types of Nano fluids (Ag-water and Al203-water) as a coolant at volumetric concentration is taken (c= 4%) in micro pin fin heat sink with circular fins in addition to the un-finned micro-channel heat sink is deliberated with the help of commercially available computational fluid dynamics software Fluent 14. The evaluation of flow and heat transfer characteristics of MPFHS and cooling fluids has been made under the similar boundary condition; at the range of Reynolds number used is (100-500). The gotten outcomes is exemplified that, Ag-water Nano fluid is gives the minimum pressure drop and slightly maximum heat transfer rate compared to Al203-water Nano fluid. And circular finned heat sink is dissipating more amount of heat compared to un-finned micro-channel heat sink. But it is also gives the maximum pressure drop due to finned area.
IRJET- Performance Analysis of Automobile RadiatorIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the performance of an automobile radiator at different air velocities. It begins with background on radiator design and operation. Assumptions are made to simplify the heat transfer analysis. Calculations are shown to determine the Nusselt number, heat transfer coefficient, fin efficiency, and overall heat transfer coefficient at varying air velocities and Reynolds numbers. Graphs illustrate trends such as Nusselt number and heat transfer coefficient increasing with Reynolds number. The analysis concludes that the radiator dimensions are suitable and cooling remains effective even at higher vehicle speeds, though fin efficiency decreases slightly with increasing Reynolds number.
Numerical Investigation of Air Cooled Condensers using Different Refrigerantsijtsrd
Condensers are an integral part of refrigeration system. The current research reviews existing work conducted on improving the design and performance of condenser by varying design and operating conditions. The comparative studies between different types of condensers on the basis of COP coefficient of performance , energy consumption, refrigeration capacity are also presented. The effect of operational parameters and other factors along with development of empirical correlation on performance is also presented. Raghvendra Thakur | Ashwini Bhoi "Numerical Investigation of Air Cooled Condensers using Different Refrigerants" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49161.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/49161/numerical-investigation-of-air-cooled-condensers-using-different-refrigerants/raghvendra-thakur
Similar to PERFORMANCE STUDY OF A PSEUDO SINGLE ROW RADIATOR OPERATED WITH DIFFERENT NANOFLUIDS (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
2. Performance Study of a Pseudo Single Row Radiator Operated with Different Nanofluids
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 305 editor@iaeme.com
Cite this Article: Ahmed Mohmad Aliywy, Ahmed Shany Khusheef, Ashham m and
Raad Farhood Chisab, Performance Study of a Pseudo Single Row Radiator Operated
with Different Nanofluids, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and
Technology, 10(5), 2019, pp. 304-313.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/issues.asp?JType=IJMET&VType=10&IType=5
1. INTRODUCTION
In modern automotive industries, the demand for high-efficiency engines has been increased.
Those engines are not only evaluated based on their performances but also on their fuel
economy and on their emissions [2]. Those requirements are strongly dependent on the engine's
heat transfer system [3]. There is also a need for reducing the weight and dimensions of the
radiator that represents the heat transfer system. There are different types of radiator's tube
supplements that use various fin types and micro-channels show the amount of the efforts that
has been made to increase the cooling rate of radiators [2, 4]. Recently, some researchers have
found another way to increase the radiator's performance by changing the radiator's working
fluid. The typical heat transfer fluids (e.g. water and engine oil) have relatively poor heat
performances [5]. Therefore, there is a requirement to attain the required heat transfer [6]. One
way to improve the "heat transfer performances of radiator's fluids" is by adding solid particles,
which are metallic or metallic oxide and they are very small in the range of Nano and always
having cylindrical or spherical shapes, to the base fluid [7]. Nanoparticles change the thermal
transport properties and characteristics of base fluids because the Nanoparticles' heat
conductivity is higher than ordinary fluids [8]. These types of fluids are called Nanofluids.
Many researchers have investigated of using Nanofluids [5]. For instance, Zeinali Heris et
al. [9] investigated the use of Al2O3-water and CuO-water Nanofluids' performance
characteristics and the pressure drop under constant heat flux. The mentioned study confirmed
that in the triangular duct the Al2O3-water Nanofluid within volume fractions of 1.5% and 2%
is not helpful. It also approved that adding the same Nanoparticles' volume fraction of the CuO
is less beneficial than Al2O3 Nanoparticles based on the performance index. Another study was
performed by Hojjat et al. [10] who investigated experimentally the non-Newtonian
Nanofluids' frictional pressure drop through a horizontal circular tube. The authors stated that
"dimensionless pressure drop for Nanofluids" in both the turbulent and the laminar flow rules
as a function of the "Reynolds number" follows the same trend of the "pressure drop" observed
with the base fluid. Sharma et al. [1] presented a new design of radiators that can be used in
place of the current design. The "multi row radiator tubes" were separated by spaces to provide
adequate ligament to connect the tubes with the head. The ligament's average size in the
commercial application was between (5 and 10) mm. However, these radiators involved some
limitations since there was no contact surface among the tube rows; therefore, the heat
transmission was delayed. Consequently, the heat transfer rate to the fins and through the tube
rows declined. Bhogare et al. [3] executed the experiments on automobile radiator to study the
effects of adding Al2O3 to the base fluid. The authors claimed that improving the engine's
thermal transmission leads to raise the performance of engine, drop the pollution emissions and
decrease the fuel consumption. The experimental results proved that Nusselt number and heat
transfer coefficient grew when Nanoparticle volume fraction, air Reynolds number and mass
flow rate of coolant flowing through radiator were increasing. Godley et al. [11] executed an
experimental study on an automobile radiator to find the thermal behavior of the single phase
flow. The author in that research tried to examine the thermal transfer characteristics of the
radiator using Nanofluid as coolant that consists of water and CuO. Then the thermal
performance of the radiator that was operated with Nanofluid was compared with the radiator
that used conventional coolants.
3. Ahmed Mohmad Aliywy, Ahmed Shany Khusheef, Ashham m and Raad Farhood Chisab
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 306 editor@iaeme.com
The main objectives of this paper are to design a pseudo–single row radiator. Then, the
performance of the designed radiator is analyzed using different Nanofluids that include Al2O3,
SiO2, CuO, and Ethylene Glycol with three volume fraction values (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4). The
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in ANSYS is used to calculate the pressure drop, inlet
velocity, coefficient of heat transfer and heat transfer rate of Nanofluids. The paper firstly gives
the fundamental information about the designed radiator. Then, the design of the 2D and 3D
models of the pseudo single row radiator will be presented. The Nanofluid properties will be
then theoretically calculated and explained. This is followed by analyses and discussions of the
CFD analysis results; and finally, the conclusion of this work is demonstrated.
2. RADIATOR DESIGN
In this section, two types of radiators will be discussed. The first is the standard radiator that
comprises two header tanks that are located on top and bottom. Those tanks are linked by a
passage of flattened tubes that form the main part of heat exchange [1]. This type of system,
which is typically made of aluminum, copper or brass soldered the metallic headers, is usually
named a multi row radiator core (see Figure 1). One of the main drawbacks of this design is
that it has no contact surfaces between the tube rows and therefore the heat conduction rate
through the tube rows and to the fins is hindered [1].
Figure 1 Multi row radiator
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a new design will be considered and it is
called a Pseudo–single row radiator in which the space between the tubes is filled up with some
material that has "light weight and good heat conduction" [1]. The filled material will increase
the surface area of the heat radiation and the heat flow through the tubes and to the fins;
therefore, the structure would be more efficient. Figure 2 shows the Pseudo–single row radiator
design.
Figure 2 The “Pseudo-single row” radiator design
3. MODIFIED MODEL
Figures 3(A and B) show the 2D and 3D models of the pseudo single row radiator that was
designed.
4. Performance Study of a Pseudo Single Row Radiator Operated with Different Nanofluids
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 307 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 3 The pseudo single row radiator A) 2D drawing (mm) and B) 3D Model
4. NANOFLUID PROPERTIES
The Nanofluid properties need to be precisely identified before studying the thermal transfer
performance. This is achieved by assuming that the nanoparticles are well dispersed in the fluid
and also their concentration is considered uniform throughout the tube. This assumption is a
useful tool in order to estimate the Nanofluids' physical properties [12]. The density of the
Nanofluid is determined by "the mixing theory"
𝜌 𝑛𝑓 = 𝜙 ∗ 𝜌𝑠 + (1 − 𝜙) 𝜌 𝑤 (1)
in which 𝜌 𝑛𝑓, 𝜌𝑠, 𝜌 𝑤, 𝜙 are the "density of Nanofluid" (kg/m3
), the density of solid material
(kg/m3
), the "density of base fluid" material (water) (kg/m3
), and the volume fraction,
respectively. The Nanofluids' specific heat capacity (Cpnf) will be found using the thermal
equilibrium model as following
Cpnf =
ϕ∗ρs∗Cps+(1−ϕ)ρw∗Cpw
𝜌 𝑛𝑓
(2)
where Cpw and Cpsthe specific heat of the base fluid material (water) (j/kg-k) and the
specific heat of solid material (j/kg-k), respectively. The Nanofluid's effective dynamic
viscosity will be also determined based on Einstein's equation [13] for a viscous fluid having a
dilute suspension (𝜑 ≤ 2%) of small, rigid, spherical particles [14].
µ 𝑛𝑓 = µ 𝑤 (1 + 2.5 𝜙) (3)
in which µ 𝑤 and µ 𝑛𝑓 are the viscosity of base fluid (water) (kg/m-s) and the viscosity of
Nanofluid (kg/m-s), respectively. In order to determine the Nanofluids' effective thermal
conductivity, Yu and Choi's [15] equation is used.
𝐾 𝑛𝑓 = [
𝐾𝑠+2𝐾 𝑤+2(𝐾𝑠−𝐾 𝑤)(1+𝛽)³∗𝜙
𝐾𝑠+2𝐾 𝑤−(𝐾𝑠−𝐾 𝑤)(1+𝛽)3∗𝜙
] 𝑘 𝑤 (4)
where 𝛽 is the Nano-layer thickness's ratio to the radius of the "original particle" and it was
set to at 0.1 as in [15]. Kw and Ks are the thermal conductivity of base fluid material (water)
(W/m-k) and the thermal conductivity of solid material (W/m-k), respectively. Note that the
"transport properties" are functions of temperature and therefore the properties were measured
by using "the mean fluid temperature between the inlet and outlet" as in [12]. Table 1 shows
(A) (B)
5. Ahmed Mohmad Aliywy, Ahmed Shany Khusheef, Ashham m and Raad Farhood Chisab
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 308 editor@iaeme.com
the thermo physical properties of base fluid and Nanoparticles while Table 2 presents the
physical properties of Nanofluids used in this study.
Table 1 Thermo physical properties of base fluid and Nanoparticles
Material
Thermal
conductivity (W/m-
k)
Specific heat
(j/kg-k)
Density (kg/m3
) Viscosity (kg/m-s)
Water [16] 0.605 4195 997.1 0.001003
Al2O3[10] 31.922 873.336 3950 ----------
Silicon Dioxide [17] 1.300 680 2650 ----------
Copper Oxide [16] 400 385 8933 ----------
Ethylene Glycol 0.2580 837 1110 ----------
Table 2 The physical properties of Nanofluids
Fluid
Volume
Fraction 𝝓
Thermal conductivity
𝑲 𝒏𝒇 (W/m-k)
Specific heat
𝐂 𝐩𝐧𝐟 (j/kg-k)
Density 𝝆 𝒏𝒇
(kg/m3
)
Viscosity µ 𝒏𝒇
(kg/m-s)
Aluminum
Oxide
0.2 1.031229 2542.202 1587.68 0.001505
0.3 1.37354 2104.594 1882.97 0.001755
0.4 1.889237 1785.632 2178.26 0.002006
Silicon
Dioxide
0.2 0.705878 2791.838 1327.68 0.001505
0.3 0.762587 2323.278 1492.97 0.001755
0.4 0.824199 1948.127 1658.26 0.002006
Copper
Oxide
0.2 1.062062 1561.018 2584.28 0.001505
0.3 1.441362 1172.261 3377.87 0.001755
0.4 2.034516 931.4203 4171.46 0.002006
Ethylene
Glycol
0.2 0.529953 3463.912 1019.68 0.001505
0.3 0.495665 3110.377 1030.97 0.001755
0.4 0.463294 2764.501 1042.26 0.002006
5. HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
The techniques in [12] are used to determine heat transfer coefficient. According to Newton’s
law of cooling
𝑄 = ℎ𝐴𝛥𝑇 = ℎ𝐴(𝑇𝑏 − 𝑇 𝑤) (5)
where 𝑄, ℎ, 𝐴, 𝑇𝑏 and 𝑇 𝑤 are the "thermal energy" in joules, the heat transfer
coefficient (assumed independent of T) (W/(m2
K)), the peripheral area of radiator tubes(m2
),
the bulk temperature "assumed to be the average values of inlet and outlet temperature of the
fluid moving through the radiator", and the tube wall temperature (the mean value by two
surfaces of the thermocouples), respectively. The "heat transfer rate" can be determined as
follows:
𝑄 = 𝑚𝐶 𝑝 𝛥𝑇 = 𝑚𝐶 𝑝(𝑇𝑖𝑛 − 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡) (6)
in which m, 𝐶 𝑝, 𝑇𝑖𝑛 and 𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡 are the mass flow rate (the product of density and volume flow
rate of fluid), the fluid specific heat capacity, inlet, and outlet temperatures, respectively.
Regarding the equality of Q in the above equations:
𝑁𝑢 =
ℎ𝑑ℎ𝑦
𝑘
=
𝑚𝐶 𝑝(𝑇𝑖𝑛−𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑡)
𝐴(𝑇 𝑏−𝑇 𝑤)
(7)
6. Performance Study of a Pseudo Single Row Radiator Operated with Different Nanofluids
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 309 editor@iaeme.com
where Nu, 𝑘, ℎ 𝑒𝑥𝑝, and 𝑑ℎ𝑦 are the average Nusselt number for the entire radiator, the fluid
thermal conductivity and the hydraulic diameter of the tube, respectively. Note that all the
physical properties were determined at fluid bulk temperature.
6. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) ANALYSIS
As mentioned above, four types of Nanofluids were used at three volume fractions as shown in
Tables 1 and Table 2. In order to study the thermal performance of the radiator, the mass rate
flow was 2Kg/s and the inlet temperature was 353K. For each Nanofluid, experiments were
conducted for three volume fractions. As an example in this paper, Figures 4 to 7 show the
computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the radiator by using Al2O3 Nanofluid at
volume fraction 0.3. Table (4) demonstrates the CFD analysis results for all Nanofluids at three
volume fractions (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4). Figure 8 shows the plot of the pressure against Nanofluid
types at different volume fractions. As can be seen in Figure 8, the value of pressure increased
dramatically when CuO was used at volume fraction 0.3 in comparisons with other Nanofluids.
The lowest pressure was recorded when Ethylene Glycol was used at volume fraction 0.4.
In order to test the effect of Nanofluid types on the outlet velocity of the radiator, the figure
of radiator outlet velocity as a function of Nanofluid types is given in Figure 9. As can be seen,
the highest value was recorded within Ethylene Glycol at volume fraction 0.2 while the smallest
value was documented within CuO fluid at volume fraction 0.4. This might be because the
density of the Ethylene Glycol Nanofluid has the smallest value at 0.2 volume fraction while
the density of CuO Nanofluid has the greatest value (see Tables 1 and 2 for comparison). This
will affect of the movements of the fluids inside the radiator. Figure 10 presents the heat transfer
coefficient as a function of Nanofluids at different volume fractions. The highest value was
recorded when Al2O3 was used at volume fraction 0.2 while the smallest value was
documented when SiO2 was used at volume fraction 0.3.
The effect of Nano fluids types on the heat transfer rate of the radiator was also studied as
shown in Figure 11. As can be seen, adding CuO nanoparticles to the base fluid increased
radiator heat transfer rate in comparison with other nanoparticles. It may be because the CuO
Nanofluid has greatest thermal conductivity compared to other Nanofluid types (see Tables 1
and 2). It may be also because the CuO Nanofluid had the lowest values of outlet velocity;
therefor, the fluid had sufficient time for contacting with air so the heat transfer rate increased.
It should be confirmed that increasing the heat transfer rate for any cooling system will indicate
to better thermal performance of the cooling system. Overall, it can be said that CuO Nanofluid
showed the best performance and Al2O3 Nanofluid was the second best in comparison with
other Nanofluids.
Figure 4 static pressure
7. Ahmed Mohmad Aliywy, Ahmed Shany Khusheef, Ashham m and Raad Farhood Chisab
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 310 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 5 static temperature
Figure 6 velocity magnitude
Figure 7 heat transfer coefficient
Table 4 CFD analysis results at volume fraction 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4, the highest and lowest values are shown
in red and blue fonts, respectively.
Name of
fluid
Volume
Fraction
Pressure
(Pa)
Inlet
Temperature
(k)
Velocity
(m/s)
Heat Transfer
Coefficient
(W/m2
-k)
Mass Flow
Rate (Kg/s)
Heat
Transfer
Rate (W)
Aluminum
Oxide
0.2 0.0195 353 0.003230 84.024 0.0033913 236.8281
0.3 0.0161 353 0.002640 67.100 0.0038900 300.345
0.4 0.0141 353 0.002288 77.900 0.0028200 192.3620
Silicon
Dioxide
0.2 0.0224 353 0.003700 43.0295 0.0033913 217.4531
0.3 0.0201 353 0.003292 36.824 0.0038900 179.9843
0.4 0.0183 353 0.002967 51.600 0.0028200 248.4290
0.2 0.0115 353 0.001900 78.3442 0.0034658 310.0293
8. Performance Study of a Pseudo Single Row Radiator Operated with Different Nanofluids
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 311 editor@iaeme.com
Name of
fluid
Volume
Fraction
Pressure
(Pa)
Inlet
Temperature
(k)
Velocity
(m/s)
Heat Transfer
Coefficient
(W/m2
-k)
Mass Flow
Rate (Kg/s)
Heat
Transfer
Rate (W)
Copper
Oxide
0.3 0.0910 353 0.001770 66.800 0.0038900 551.2265
0.4 0.0294 353 0.001619 77.300 0.0028200 439.9370
Ethylene
Glycol
0.2 0.0290 353 0.004790 66.669 0.0034657 93.9687
0.3 0.0089 353 0.0044555 61.853 0.0038900 121.1960
0.4 0.0073 353 0.0041790 55.00 0.0028200 137.5460
Figure 8 Pressure vs. Nanofluids at different volume fractions
Figure 9 Velocity against Nanofluids at different volume fractions
Figure 10 Heat Transfer Coefficient vs. Nanofluids at different volume fractions
9. Ahmed Mohmad Aliywy, Ahmed Shany Khusheef, Ashham m and Raad Farhood Chisab
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 312 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 11 Heat Transfer Rate against Nanofluids at different volume fractions
7. CONCLUSION
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis was done on the pseudo single row radiator for
four types of Nanofluids (Al2O3, SiO2, CuO and Ethylene Glycol) at three volume fractions
(0.2, 0.3 and 0.4). It can be concluded that
• The value of pressure is more when CuO was used at volume fraction 0.3 in comparisons
with other Nano fluids.
• The highest value of the radiator outlet velocity was recorded within Ethylene Glycol at
volume fraction 0.2.
• The highest values of the heat transfer coefficient was recorded when Al2O3 and CuO
were used.
• The heat transfer rate was more when CuO nanoparticles were added to the base fluid
in comparison with other nanoparticles.
• The high value of heat transfer rate for any cooling system indicated to better thermal
performance of the cooling system.
Overall, it can be said that CuO Nanofluid shows the best performance in comparison with
other Nanofluids.
REFERENCES
[1] Sharma A. M., Kumar D. and Tamizharasan A., “The Pseudo Single Row Radiator Design,”
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), Vol. 7(1), pp.
146-153, 2016.
[2] Leong, K.Y., Saidur, R., Kazi, S.N., and Mamun, A.H., "Performance investigation of an
automotive car radiator operated with Nanofluid-based coolants (Nanofluid as a coolant in
a radiator)," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 30(17-18), pp. 2685–2692, 2010.
[3] Bhogare R. A. and Kothawale B. S., "Performance investigation of Automobile Radiator
operated with Al2O3 based Nanofluid," Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering
(IOSR-JMCE), Vol. 11(3), PP 23-30, 2014.
[4] Kulkarni, D. P., Vajjha, R.S., Das, D.K., and Oliva, D., "Application of aluminum oxide
Nanofluids in diesel electric generator as jacket water coolant," Applied Thermal
Engineering, Vol. 28 (14-15), pp. 1774-1781, 2008.
10. Performance Study of a Pseudo Single Row Radiator Operated with Different Nanofluids
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 313 editor@iaeme.com
[5] Zeinali Heris S., Shokrgozar M., Poorpharhang S., Shanbedi M., and Noie S. H.,
"Experimental Study of Heat Transfer of a Car Radiator with CuO/Ethylene Glycol-Water
as a Coolant," Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 35:677–684, 2014.
[6] Peyghambarzadeh, S.M., Hashemabadi, S. H., Jamnani, M.S., and Hoseini, S.M. (2011),
"Improving the cooling performance of automobile radiator with Al2O3/water Nanofluid,"
Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 31(10), pp. 1833–1838, 2011.
[7] Yu, W., France, D.M., Routbort, J.L., and Choi, S.U.S., "Review and Comparison of
Nanofluid Thermal Conductivity and Heat Transfer Enhancements," Heat Transfer
Engineering, Vol. 29, pp. 432–460, 2008.
[8] Kahani, M., Zeinali Heris, S., and Mousavi, S.M., "Effects of Curvature Ratio and Coil
Pitch Spacing on Heat Transfer Performance of Al2O3/Water Nanofluid Laminar Flow
through Helical Coils," Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, Vol. 34(12), pp.
1704–1712, 2013.
[9] Zeinali Heris S., Etemad S.G., and Nasr Esfahany M., "Experimental investigation of oxide
Nanofluids laminar flow convective heat transfer," International Communications in Heat
and Mass Transfer, Vol. 33(4), pp. 529-535, 2006.
[10] Hojjat M,. Etemad S. Gh, Bagheri R., and Thibault J., "Pressure Drop of Non-Newtonian
Nanofluids Flowing Through a Horizontal Circular Tube," Journal of Dispersion Science
and Technology, Vol. 33(7), pp. 1066–1070, 2012.
[11] Godley M., Tomar B. P. S., and Tripathi A., "Investigation of Automobile Radiator Using
Nanofluid-CuO/Water Mixture as Coolant," International Journal of Advanced Research
in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2(12), December 2015.
[12] Machhar P.and Adroja F., "Heat Transfer Enhancement of Automobile Radiator with
TiO2/Water Nanofluid," International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT), Vol. 2 Issue 5, pp. 229-233, 2013.
[13] Einstein A., “Investigation on Theory of Brownian Motion”, first ed. Dover, New York,
1956.
[14] Drew D. A. and Passman S. L., “Theory of Multicomponent Fluids,” Springer, Berlin, 1999.
[15] Yu W. and Choi S. U. S., “The role of interfacial layers in the enhanced thermal conductivity
of Nanofluids: a renovated Maxwell model,” Journal of Nanoparticle Research, Vol. 5,
2003.
[16] Parashurama M. S., Dhananjaya D. A., and Naveena Kumar R. R., "Experimental Study of
Heat Transfer in a Radiator using Nanofluid," International Journal of Engineering
Development and Research, Vol. 3(2), pp. 307-311, 2015.
[17] AZO Material, Silica - Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), (last visited in February, 2018), Available:
https://www.azom.com/properties.aspx?ArticleID=1114