Routing adalah protokol yang digunakan oleh router untuk menentukan rute terbaik dalam pengiriman paket antar jaringan. Terdapat dua jenis routing, yaitu routing statis yang dikonfigurasi secara manual oleh administrator, dan routing dinamis yang mempelajari rute secara otomatis dari router lain. Protokol routing membantu router bertukar informasi tentang topologi jaringan untuk membangun tabel routing.
Mikrotik Hotspot With Queue Tree BW Managementgopartheredbuff
The document discusses how to configure bandwidth management using queue trees on a Mikrotik router for a hotspot network. It provides steps to set up interfaces and IP addresses, enable masquerading and DNS, create hotspot user profiles with packet markings, configure firewall mangle rules for packet marking, and build a queue tree with bandwidth limits for different user groups and traffic directions. Screenshots are included to illustrate the hotspot user profile, mangle rules, and queue tree configurations.
Firewall merupakan sistem yang dirancang untuk mencegah akses tak diinginkan ke dan dari jaringan internet dengan mengontrol, memfilter, dan memutuskan lalu lintas data berdasarkan aturan. Ada beberapa metode dan teknik yang digunakan firewall seperti packet filtering, stateful inspection, kontrol pengguna, kontrol layanan, dan arah kontrol. Jenis-jenis firewall meliputi packet filtering, NAT, circuit level gateway, virtual, application level gateway, transparent, dan hybrid firewall.
Integration of OVS in OpenWrt wireless network and investigation of SDWMNNazmul Hossain Rakib
OpenFlow managed Software Defined Network (SDN) and Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) are being an emerging technology for their autonomous functionality and economic feasibility. SDN is somehow defined as next generation technology which let the network configure, optimize and heal centrally using artificial intelligence. WMN has been adopted by several applications because of its promising functionality. In this research, applicability of SDN on WMN has been studied as well as the decentralized controller mechanism over SDWMN (Software Defined Wireless Mesh Network). First of all, two types of Wireless connectivity (AD Hoc and WDS) has been researched using OpenWrt configured SDN. Then probability and availability of WMN using SDN has been investigated. Finally, some solutions has been tried to figure out for the further future implementation of SDWMN.
In this webinar, we are talking about BGP implementation on mikrotik router. the presentation starts with the fundamental of BGP and then discuss about Basic BGP setting on RouterOS
Windows server 2008 digunakan untuk menginstal DHCP, DNS, dan web server (IIS). DHCP digunakan untuk mengalokasikan IP secara otomatis ke klien. DNS digunakan untuk menerjemahkan nama domain menjadi IP. Web server diinstal dan dikonfigurasi untuk menyajikan konten website. FTP server juga diinstal untuk berbagi berkas secara online. Semua server diuji coba pada klien dan berhasil berjalan.
Routing adalah protokol yang digunakan oleh router untuk menentukan rute terbaik dalam pengiriman paket antar jaringan. Terdapat dua jenis routing, yaitu routing statis yang dikonfigurasi secara manual oleh administrator, dan routing dinamis yang mempelajari rute secara otomatis dari router lain. Protokol routing membantu router bertukar informasi tentang topologi jaringan untuk membangun tabel routing.
Mikrotik Hotspot With Queue Tree BW Managementgopartheredbuff
The document discusses how to configure bandwidth management using queue trees on a Mikrotik router for a hotspot network. It provides steps to set up interfaces and IP addresses, enable masquerading and DNS, create hotspot user profiles with packet markings, configure firewall mangle rules for packet marking, and build a queue tree with bandwidth limits for different user groups and traffic directions. Screenshots are included to illustrate the hotspot user profile, mangle rules, and queue tree configurations.
Firewall merupakan sistem yang dirancang untuk mencegah akses tak diinginkan ke dan dari jaringan internet dengan mengontrol, memfilter, dan memutuskan lalu lintas data berdasarkan aturan. Ada beberapa metode dan teknik yang digunakan firewall seperti packet filtering, stateful inspection, kontrol pengguna, kontrol layanan, dan arah kontrol. Jenis-jenis firewall meliputi packet filtering, NAT, circuit level gateway, virtual, application level gateway, transparent, dan hybrid firewall.
Integration of OVS in OpenWrt wireless network and investigation of SDWMNNazmul Hossain Rakib
OpenFlow managed Software Defined Network (SDN) and Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) are being an emerging technology for their autonomous functionality and economic feasibility. SDN is somehow defined as next generation technology which let the network configure, optimize and heal centrally using artificial intelligence. WMN has been adopted by several applications because of its promising functionality. In this research, applicability of SDN on WMN has been studied as well as the decentralized controller mechanism over SDWMN (Software Defined Wireless Mesh Network). First of all, two types of Wireless connectivity (AD Hoc and WDS) has been researched using OpenWrt configured SDN. Then probability and availability of WMN using SDN has been investigated. Finally, some solutions has been tried to figure out for the further future implementation of SDWMN.
In this webinar, we are talking about BGP implementation on mikrotik router. the presentation starts with the fundamental of BGP and then discuss about Basic BGP setting on RouterOS
Windows server 2008 digunakan untuk menginstal DHCP, DNS, dan web server (IIS). DHCP digunakan untuk mengalokasikan IP secara otomatis ke klien. DNS digunakan untuk menerjemahkan nama domain menjadi IP. Web server diinstal dan dikonfigurasi untuk menyajikan konten website. FTP server juga diinstal untuk berbagi berkas secara online. Semua server diuji coba pada klien dan berhasil berjalan.
In this webinar, we discuss a feature from mikrotik routerOS that is called fastpath. This feature will improve routerboard performance by increasing number of packet per second and lowering CPU usage. Fastpath requires several conditions to be active, and the webinar is talking about them.
the recording is available on youtube (GLC Networks Channel): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCI611_IIkQC0rsLWIFIx_yg
The document discusses the benefits of a multi-layer control plane for packet-optical transport networks. A multi-layer control plane can automate functions like path setup and restoration across multiple network layers like MPLS-TP, ODU, and OCh. GMPLS is a common control plane protocol that can be used across layers. When implementing a multi-layer control plane, considerations must be made for inter-area communication and using a client-server model.
This document provides an overview of OpenStack APIs and the WSGI (Web Server Gateway Interface) that powers them. It begins with an introduction to WSGI and how OpenStack services are implemented as WSGI applications. It then demonstrates how the OpenStack APIs can be accessed via libraries like novaclient or directly with HTTP requests. Code examples are provided showing how to authenticate against Keystone and retrieve images using urllib2. The document concludes with explanations of how WSGI, WebOb, and Paste are used to implement the OpenStack "web stack".
OVN provides virtual networking capabilities for Open vSwitch including logical switches, routers, security groups, and ACLs. It uses OVSDB to configure OVN components and provides native integration with OpenStack Neutron. OVN's architecture includes a northbound database for logical network definitions, a southbound database for physical mappings, and daemons like ovn-northd and ovn-controller that translate between the databases.
SDP is a format for describing multimedia sessions to allow participants to join. It describes session name and purpose, times active, media types, formats and addresses. SDP specifies the protocol version, origin, session name, connection data, timing, media descriptions and attributes. It is used to establish multimedia sessions across different transport protocols and applications like SIP, SAP, RTSP and HTTP.
OSPFv3 is a link-state routing protocol that uses link-state advertisements (LSAs) to exchange routing information. Routers running OSPFv3 generate different types of LSAs to advertise IPv6 address prefixes, network links, and routing information between areas. OSPFv3 supports multi-area configurations with a backbone area and regular areas connected via area border routers that generate summary LSAs.
IPv6 Transition & Deployment, including IPv6-only in cellular and broadbandAPNIC
IPv6 transition and coexistence techniques allow IPv6 and IPv4 to operate simultaneously on networks. There are three main categories: dual stack allows support for both IPv4 and IPv6; tunnels encapsulate IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets to pass through IPv4-only networks; and translation allows communication between IPv4-only and IPv6-only hosts. Common techniques include dual stack, 6in4 and 6to4 tunnels, and Teredo for hosts behind NATs. Softwires and 6RD aim to provide universal IPv6 connectivity over IPv4 networks.
Telco Cloud - 01. introduction to Telco cloudVikas Shokeen
Introduction to Telco Cloud Basics – NFV , SDN . Architecture & Benefits of Cloud Network for Telecom Operators
http://telecomtutorial.info
Covering Introduction & Tutorial for Telco Cloud Network , Virtualization , SDN / NFV , or Cloud Native Networks .. I am going to discuss all of these along with real life examples . In this Video , We will understand Why Cloud Native Networks have become necessity for Telecom Operators . What values & Benefits cloud networks are going to bring it to Operators
Basics & Introduction of Telco Cloud
Why Cloud Network are required in Telecom ?
How cloud solve problem of Telecom Operators & Carriers
How SDN & NFV works in telecom
How Cloud and Virtualization helps for better Capacity Management ?
The Cloud Solution
Linkedin : www.linkedin.com/in/vikas-shokeen
Soal Semester Genap - Rancang Bangun Jaringan - SMK TKJ 2018/2019Walid Umar
Dokumen tersebut berisi penjelasan dan soal-soal mengenai konfigurasi jaringan nirkabel dan jaringan switch yang mencakup topik:
- Jenis jaringan nirkabel seperti access point, repeater, bridge, router, dan WISP
- Konfigurasi hotspot, proxy, VLAN, VTP, port security, etherchannel pada perangkat jaringan
- Penjelasan mengenai wajan bolic sebagai antena nirkabel rumahan
Here are the steps to disable MAC-WinBox and MAC-Telnet on all interfaces except the local interface:
/ip service disable mac-telnet
/ip service disable mac-winbox interface=all
/ip service enable mac-winbox interface=local
This will disable MAC-Telnet on all interfaces and disable MAC-WinBox on all interfaces except the local interface, improving security as recommended.
This document provides a command reference for network management functions on the ZXR10 8900 Series 10G Routing Switch. It describes SNMP, RMON, LLDP, web network management, and cluster management commands. The reference contains descriptions of each command's function and usage, as well as examples. It is intended to help users configure and manage the network management capabilities of the ZXR10 8900 Series switch.
The document provides housekeeping notes for a Cisco Connect Toronto 2015 session. It reminds attendees to silence electronic devices, provides information on how to provide feedback and enter a prize drawing, and advertises the Cisco dCloud platform and Cisco Spark collaboration app. It also includes an agenda for the session on access network evolution, next generation EPN architecture, network services evolution, and SDN evolution.
The State of Ceph, Manila, and Containers in OpenStackSage Weil
OpenStack users deploying Ceph for block (Cinder) and object (S3/Swift) are unsurprisingly looking at Manila and CephFS to round out a unified storage solution. Ceph is based on a low-level object storage layer call RADOS that serves as the foundation for its object, block, and file services. Manila's file as a service in OpenStack enables a range of container-based use-cases with Docker and Kubernetes, but a variety of deployment architectures are possible.
This talk will cover the current state of CephFS support in Manila, including upstream Manila support, Manila works in progress, a progress update on CephFS itself, including new multi-tenancy support to facilitate cloud deployments, and a discussion of how this impact container deployment scenarios in an OpenStack cloud.
Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) are used for streaming real-time multimedia such as video calls and audio/video streaming. RTP handles the transfer of data and sequencing while RTCP monitors transmission quality and allows endpoints to synchronize. Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) provides the control channel for multimedia streaming using RTP, allowing clients to connect, control delivery, and terminate sessions.
In this webinar, we discuss a feature from mikrotik routerOS that is called fastpath. This feature will improve routerboard performance by increasing number of packet per second and lowering CPU usage. Fastpath requires several conditions to be active, and the webinar is talking about them.
the recording is available on youtube (GLC Networks Channel): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCI611_IIkQC0rsLWIFIx_yg
The document discusses the benefits of a multi-layer control plane for packet-optical transport networks. A multi-layer control plane can automate functions like path setup and restoration across multiple network layers like MPLS-TP, ODU, and OCh. GMPLS is a common control plane protocol that can be used across layers. When implementing a multi-layer control plane, considerations must be made for inter-area communication and using a client-server model.
This document provides an overview of OpenStack APIs and the WSGI (Web Server Gateway Interface) that powers them. It begins with an introduction to WSGI and how OpenStack services are implemented as WSGI applications. It then demonstrates how the OpenStack APIs can be accessed via libraries like novaclient or directly with HTTP requests. Code examples are provided showing how to authenticate against Keystone and retrieve images using urllib2. The document concludes with explanations of how WSGI, WebOb, and Paste are used to implement the OpenStack "web stack".
OVN provides virtual networking capabilities for Open vSwitch including logical switches, routers, security groups, and ACLs. It uses OVSDB to configure OVN components and provides native integration with OpenStack Neutron. OVN's architecture includes a northbound database for logical network definitions, a southbound database for physical mappings, and daemons like ovn-northd and ovn-controller that translate between the databases.
SDP is a format for describing multimedia sessions to allow participants to join. It describes session name and purpose, times active, media types, formats and addresses. SDP specifies the protocol version, origin, session name, connection data, timing, media descriptions and attributes. It is used to establish multimedia sessions across different transport protocols and applications like SIP, SAP, RTSP and HTTP.
OSPFv3 is a link-state routing protocol that uses link-state advertisements (LSAs) to exchange routing information. Routers running OSPFv3 generate different types of LSAs to advertise IPv6 address prefixes, network links, and routing information between areas. OSPFv3 supports multi-area configurations with a backbone area and regular areas connected via area border routers that generate summary LSAs.
IPv6 Transition & Deployment, including IPv6-only in cellular and broadbandAPNIC
IPv6 transition and coexistence techniques allow IPv6 and IPv4 to operate simultaneously on networks. There are three main categories: dual stack allows support for both IPv4 and IPv6; tunnels encapsulate IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets to pass through IPv4-only networks; and translation allows communication between IPv4-only and IPv6-only hosts. Common techniques include dual stack, 6in4 and 6to4 tunnels, and Teredo for hosts behind NATs. Softwires and 6RD aim to provide universal IPv6 connectivity over IPv4 networks.
Telco Cloud - 01. introduction to Telco cloudVikas Shokeen
Introduction to Telco Cloud Basics – NFV , SDN . Architecture & Benefits of Cloud Network for Telecom Operators
http://telecomtutorial.info
Covering Introduction & Tutorial for Telco Cloud Network , Virtualization , SDN / NFV , or Cloud Native Networks .. I am going to discuss all of these along with real life examples . In this Video , We will understand Why Cloud Native Networks have become necessity for Telecom Operators . What values & Benefits cloud networks are going to bring it to Operators
Basics & Introduction of Telco Cloud
Why Cloud Network are required in Telecom ?
How cloud solve problem of Telecom Operators & Carriers
How SDN & NFV works in telecom
How Cloud and Virtualization helps for better Capacity Management ?
The Cloud Solution
Linkedin : www.linkedin.com/in/vikas-shokeen
Soal Semester Genap - Rancang Bangun Jaringan - SMK TKJ 2018/2019Walid Umar
Dokumen tersebut berisi penjelasan dan soal-soal mengenai konfigurasi jaringan nirkabel dan jaringan switch yang mencakup topik:
- Jenis jaringan nirkabel seperti access point, repeater, bridge, router, dan WISP
- Konfigurasi hotspot, proxy, VLAN, VTP, port security, etherchannel pada perangkat jaringan
- Penjelasan mengenai wajan bolic sebagai antena nirkabel rumahan
Here are the steps to disable MAC-WinBox and MAC-Telnet on all interfaces except the local interface:
/ip service disable mac-telnet
/ip service disable mac-winbox interface=all
/ip service enable mac-winbox interface=local
This will disable MAC-Telnet on all interfaces and disable MAC-WinBox on all interfaces except the local interface, improving security as recommended.
This document provides a command reference for network management functions on the ZXR10 8900 Series 10G Routing Switch. It describes SNMP, RMON, LLDP, web network management, and cluster management commands. The reference contains descriptions of each command's function and usage, as well as examples. It is intended to help users configure and manage the network management capabilities of the ZXR10 8900 Series switch.
The document provides housekeeping notes for a Cisco Connect Toronto 2015 session. It reminds attendees to silence electronic devices, provides information on how to provide feedback and enter a prize drawing, and advertises the Cisco dCloud platform and Cisco Spark collaboration app. It also includes an agenda for the session on access network evolution, next generation EPN architecture, network services evolution, and SDN evolution.
The State of Ceph, Manila, and Containers in OpenStackSage Weil
OpenStack users deploying Ceph for block (Cinder) and object (S3/Swift) are unsurprisingly looking at Manila and CephFS to round out a unified storage solution. Ceph is based on a low-level object storage layer call RADOS that serves as the foundation for its object, block, and file services. Manila's file as a service in OpenStack enables a range of container-based use-cases with Docker and Kubernetes, but a variety of deployment architectures are possible.
This talk will cover the current state of CephFS support in Manila, including upstream Manila support, Manila works in progress, a progress update on CephFS itself, including new multi-tenancy support to facilitate cloud deployments, and a discussion of how this impact container deployment scenarios in an OpenStack cloud.
Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) are used for streaming real-time multimedia such as video calls and audio/video streaming. RTP handles the transfer of data and sequencing while RTCP monitors transmission quality and allows endpoints to synchronize. Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) provides the control channel for multimedia streaming using RTP, allowing clients to connect, control delivery, and terminate sessions.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang static routing dan dynamic routing. Static routing menggunakan konfigurasi manual sedangkan dynamic routing dapat menyesuaikan secara otomatis terhadap perubahan topologi jaringan. Terdapat beberapa protokol routing utama seperti RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, dan BGP yang masing-masing memiliki karakteristik berbeda seperti penggunaan metric dan frekuensi update.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang beberapa konsep dasar jaringan komputer seperti NAT, routing statis dan dinamis, cara kerja router dan switch, serta utilitas ping, traceroute, dan protokol ICMP.
TCP/IP adalah protokol yang mengatur komunikasi antar komputer di internet. Protokol ini terdiri atas 4 layer yaitu application layer, transport layer, internet layer, dan network access layer. Internet layer menggunakan protokol IP untuk mengirim paket data secara tidak terhubung dan tidak pasti, sedangkan transport layer menggunakan protokol TCP atau UDP.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang lapisan jaringan OSI (Network Layer), protokol TCP dan UDP. TCP dan UDP beroperasi pada lapisan transport OSI dan memberikan layanan terkoneksi maupun tak terkoneksi untuk aplikasi-aplikasi di atasnya. TCP bersifat andal sedangkan UDP bersifat tidak andal.
Routing menggunakan router untuk memilih jalur terbaik untuk mengirimkan data melalui jaringan. Terdapat dua cara membangun tabel routing yaitu static dan dynamic, dimana dynamic secara otomatis membangun tabel berdasarkan pertukaran informasi antar router menggunakan protokol seperti RIP, OSPF, dan EIGRP.
Setup MikroTIk Sebagai Firewall filter Adhie Lesmana
Dokumen ini memberikan informasi tentang pengaturan firewall MikroTik untuk melakukan access filter dan content filter. Dokumen menjelaskan fitur firewall MikroTik, jenis filter berdasarkan fungsinya (input, output, forward), dan contoh praktik pengaturan access filter dan content filter dengan memblokir akses berdasarkan alamat IP, port, dan kata kunci situs web.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang protokol TCP/IP yang merupakan standar komunikasi data internet. TCP/IP terdiri dari beberapa protokol yang memungkinkan pertukaran data antar komputer di internet. Dokumen ini menjelaskan sejarah, komponen, layer, dan istilah penting TCP/IP serta bagaimana protokol ini memungkinkan terhubungnya berbagai jenis jaringan komputer.
PPP adalah protokol enkapsulasi paket yang banyak digunakan pada jaringan WAN. PPP menyediakan metode untuk transmisi datagram lebih link point-to-point serial dan terdiri dari komponen untuk enkapsulasi datagram, pembangunan koneksi data link, dan pengaturan protokol jaringan. PPP mendukung berbagai protokol jaringan dan fitur seperti autentikasi dan kompresi.
Pengertian Firewall, NAT, dan Proxy Serverfajaarfds
Proxy server, firewall, dan NAT berfungsi sebagai perantara lalu lintas jaringan. Firewall menyaring lalu lintas berdasarkan keamanan, NAT menyembunyikan alamat IP lokal, dan proxy server bertindak sebagai perantara antara pengguna dan sumber daya jaringan.
Algoritma adalah langkah-langkah untuk menyelesaikan masalah dalam matematika, ilmu komputer, dan kehidupan sehari-hari. Flowchart digunakan untuk menggambarkan algoritma dengan menampilkan arus langkah-langkah secara visual menggunakan simbol-simbol standar. Tujuannya adalah untuk menjelaskan proses penyelesaian masalah secara sederhana, terperinci, dan jelas.
RIP adalah protokol routing otomatis yang menggunakan algoritma distance-vector untuk membagikan informasi routing antar router. Router akan mengirimkan update routing secara berkala ke seluruh jaringan yang terhubung untuk memperbarui tabel routing masing-masing router. Konfigurasi RIP pada Mikrotik melibatkan pengaturan interface jaringan dan jaringan yang akan diikutsertakan dalam routing RIP.
OSPF adalah protokol routing dinamis yang menyebarkan informasi routing antar area jaringan secara otomatis berdasarkan perubahan topologi jaringan. Area 0 bertindak sebagai backbone yang menghubungkan area lain dan menyebarkan informasi routing antar area. Konfigurasi OSPF pada Mikrotik meliputi penambahan jaringan ke area backbone untuk menghubungkan dua router.
Dokumen menjelaskan tentang Power Over Ethernet (POE) yang memungkinkan penyaluran listrik melalui kabel jaringan untuk menyalakan perangkat jaringan seperti wireless. Ada dua jenis POE, yaitu POE-in yang memungkinkan perangkat menerima listrik dari kabel jaringan tanpa colokan listrik, dan POE-out yang menyalurkan listrik ke perangkat lain lewat kabel jaringan.
Mikrotik LHG adalah router yang memiliki dua interface yaitu Ethernet dan WLAN serta dapat berfungsi sebagai AP atau station untuk koneksi nirkabel point to point jarak jauh hingga 10 km melalui konfigurasi di Winbox.
Dokumen ini memberikan instruksi konfigurasi bridge pada Mikrotik untuk menggabungkan beberapa interface jaringan menjadi satu segmen IP address sehingga router Mikrotik berfungsi sebagai switch hub, dengan menambahkan interface 2, 3, dan 4 ke bridge1, memberi alamat IP pada interface bridge1, dan mengatur DHCP server untuk interface tersebut.
3. CHAIN INPUT
• Chain input : Digunakan untuk memproses
trafik paket data yang masuk ke dalam router
melalui interface yang ada di router dan
memiliki tujuan IP Address berupa ip yang
terdapat pada router. Jenis trafik ini bisa
berasal dari jaringan public maupun dari
jaringan lokal dengan tujuan router itu sendiri.
Contoh: Mengakses router menggunakan
winbox, webfig, telnet baik dari Public
maupun Local.
5. CHAIN OUTPUT
• Chain Output : Digunakan untuk memproses
trafik paket data yang keluar dari router.
Dengan kata lain merupakan kebalikan dari
'Input'. Jadi trafik yang berasal dari dalam
router itu sendiri dengan tujuan jaringan
Public maupun jaringan Local.Misal dari new
terminal winbox, kita ping ke ip google. Maka
trafik ini bisa ditangkap dichain output.
7. CHAIN FORWARD
• Chain Forward : Digunakan untuk memproses
trafik paket data yang hanya melewati router.
Misalnya trafik dari jaringan public ke local
atau sebaliknya dari jaringan local ke public,
contoh kasus seperti pada saat kita melakukan
browsing. Trafik laptop browsing ke internet
dapat dimanage oleh firewall dengan
menggunakan chain forward.
9. TCP dan UDP Protocol
TCP
UDP
Melakukan Paket pada sebuah Router, kita harus memahami konsep protokol
dalam sebuah jaringan
10. Action Pada Filter Rule
• Action dan Keterangan :
• Accept : paket diterima dan tidak melanjutkan ke baris
selanjutnya.
• Drop : Menolak paket
• Reject : Menolak paket tapi mengirimkan pesan penolakan
• Jump : Melewatkan paket ke rule yang lain
• Tarpit : Menolak tapi tetap menjaga tcp connection
• passthrough : mengabaikan rule ini dan menuju ke rule
berikutnya
• Log : memasukan ke data log atau mencatat ke log
• Return : Mengembalikan ke rule sebelumnya
• Add Src/Dst Address List : menambahkan ke daftar alamat.