The document summarizes the fuel oil and drainage systems at APML. It describes the two types of fuel oil used - light diesel oil (LDO) and heavy fuel oil (HFO) - and provides details on their properties, storage, transfer, and boiler systems. It also outlines the drainage system for collecting and separating oil and water from the fuel systems.
This thermal power plant is about The Thermal Power Plant which is situated in 'Manigram' in "West Bengal". It will do quite a presentation as thermal power plant and workings of it.
This document discusses different types of power plants. It provides detailed information about the components and working of thermal power plants. Key components of a thermal power plant include a boiler, turbine, generator and condenser. Coal or natural gas is used as fuel in the boiler to produce high pressure steam. This steam powers the turbine, which spins the generator to produce electricity. The condenser then cools and condenses the steam back into water to be reused. The document also briefly discusses hydroelectric power plants, which use the kinetic energy of moving water to drive turbines connected to generators.
The document provides an overview of the Rankine cycle, which is a thermodynamic cycle that uses heat to convert water into steam to power turbines and generate electricity. It describes the key components and processes of the Rankine cycle, including: (1) pumping water to high pressure, (2) heating the pressurized water into steam in a boiler, (3) expanding the steam through turbines to produce work, and (4) condensing the steam back into water in a condenser. The document also includes schematic diagrams of the ideal Rankine cycle and the thermodynamic processes involved.
This document is a maintenance report for a condensate extraction pump from January 19-24, 2012. It details the disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of the pump. Key activities included replacing worn bearing bushes and sleeves, measuring clearances, and commissioning the pump after reassembly. The report provides technical specifications and ensures proper documentation of the maintenance work.
Thermal power plants operate using the Rankine cycle. Water is heated into steam in a boiler using heat from burning fuel. The high-pressure steam drives turbines which are coupled to generators, producing electricity. The low-pressure exhaust steam from the turbines is condensed into water in a condenser, where it is pumped back into the boiler to repeat the cycle. Thermal power plants contribute the majority of electricity generation in India due to their ability to efficiently convert fuel into power on a large scale.
Heat Exchanger (Shell and tubes) by sujan kharel..ansaluniversity3
Hey! This is the best presentation about Heat exchanger device of shell and tubes type and there is also mentioned their defects and overcome method...
The document summarizes the fuel oil and drainage systems at APML. It describes the two types of fuel oil used - light diesel oil (LDO) and heavy fuel oil (HFO) - and provides details on their properties, storage, transfer, and boiler systems. It also outlines the drainage system for collecting and separating oil and water from the fuel systems.
This thermal power plant is about The Thermal Power Plant which is situated in 'Manigram' in "West Bengal". It will do quite a presentation as thermal power plant and workings of it.
This document discusses different types of power plants. It provides detailed information about the components and working of thermal power plants. Key components of a thermal power plant include a boiler, turbine, generator and condenser. Coal or natural gas is used as fuel in the boiler to produce high pressure steam. This steam powers the turbine, which spins the generator to produce electricity. The condenser then cools and condenses the steam back into water to be reused. The document also briefly discusses hydroelectric power plants, which use the kinetic energy of moving water to drive turbines connected to generators.
The document provides an overview of the Rankine cycle, which is a thermodynamic cycle that uses heat to convert water into steam to power turbines and generate electricity. It describes the key components and processes of the Rankine cycle, including: (1) pumping water to high pressure, (2) heating the pressurized water into steam in a boiler, (3) expanding the steam through turbines to produce work, and (4) condensing the steam back into water in a condenser. The document also includes schematic diagrams of the ideal Rankine cycle and the thermodynamic processes involved.
This document is a maintenance report for a condensate extraction pump from January 19-24, 2012. It details the disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of the pump. Key activities included replacing worn bearing bushes and sleeves, measuring clearances, and commissioning the pump after reassembly. The report provides technical specifications and ensures proper documentation of the maintenance work.
Thermal power plants operate using the Rankine cycle. Water is heated into steam in a boiler using heat from burning fuel. The high-pressure steam drives turbines which are coupled to generators, producing electricity. The low-pressure exhaust steam from the turbines is condensed into water in a condenser, where it is pumped back into the boiler to repeat the cycle. Thermal power plants contribute the majority of electricity generation in India due to their ability to efficiently convert fuel into power on a large scale.
Heat Exchanger (Shell and tubes) by sujan kharel..ansaluniversity3
Hey! This is the best presentation about Heat exchanger device of shell and tubes type and there is also mentioned their defects and overcome method...
Mechanical seals provide a running seal between rotating and stationary parts in pumps. They have advantages over conventional packing such as reduced leakage to meet environmental standards, lower maintenance costs, and ability to seal higher pressures. The basic components of a mechanical seal are the primary seal faces (one stationary, one rotating), secondary seals, and hardware. Seals work by creating a tight sealing contact between flat faces, and can be classified by type (pusher, unbalanced, etc.) and arrangement (single, double, cartridge). Proper seal selection requires considering the liquid, pressure, temperature, liquid characteristics, and reliability/emission needs.
The document discusses steam power plants and their components. It begins with classifying power plants based on the energy source used to generate electricity. It then describes the basic working of a steam power plant using the Rankine cycle to convert heat from fuel combustion into mechanical energy via steam turbines. The major components of a modern steam power plant are identified including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and generator. The document further discusses the layout and circuits involved in steam power plants, with a focus on coal handling and combustion systems. Different types of stokers and their working mechanisms are explained.
Gland condensers are small heat exchangers that condense steam from turbine shaft seals to prevent water accumulation in lubrication systems. Sealing steam injected into shaft seals and steam leakage from high pressure ends can leak out toward bearing housings. Gland condensers apply a slight vacuum using cooling water to condense this steam to water to reduce this leakage and draw water away from lubrication systems.
Pump and cooling tower energy performancemaulik610
This document provides an overview of pumps and cooling towers used in industrial applications. It discusses the main components, types, and operating characteristics of pumps, including centrifugal pumps which account for 75% of installed pumps. The document also examines how to assess pump performance by calculating parameters like pump shaft power and hydraulic power. For cooling towers, it outlines the components and types, and explains how to evaluate cooling tower performance using metrics such as range, approach, effectiveness, cooling capacity, and evaporation loss. The document concludes by identifying opportunities to improve the energy efficiency of pumps and cooling towers through equipment selection and optimization.
The document discusses evaporator performance and factors that affect it. It explains that the boiling point of solutions is higher than water alone, known as boiling point elevation. It also discusses how capacity, economy, and steam consumption are measures of evaporator performance. Capacity is the amount of water vaporized per hour, economy is the amount vaporized per unit of steam, and steam consumption can be estimated from capacity and economy. Duhring's rule and boiling point elevation must be considered for heat transfer calculations in evaporators dealing with solutions.
This document provides information about power plant cooling water systems. It discusses the types of cooling water systems, including once-through and recirculating systems. It describes the components of cooling water systems, such as cooling towers and how they function using evaporation to cool water. It also discusses problems that can occur in cooling water systems, such as scale formation and corrosion, and methods to control these issues. The document is written by Umar Farooq, a chemist, and provides technical details on cooling water chemistry.
Raw Water Intake & Pre Treatment of Raw Water in a Thermal Power PlantSUDHEER KUMAR KALYANAM
The document discusses the treatment process for raw water from rivers and lakes. It describes how raw water contains physical, biological, and chemical impurities. The treatment process involves intake, screening, pre-chlorination, storage, aeration, coagulation, flocculation, clarification, filtration through sand and activated carbon, and storage of filtered water. This multi-stage process removes suspended solids, bacteria, algae and other contaminants to produce portable water suitable for drinking and industrial use.
Best ppt on thermal power station workingRonak Thakare
The document provides an overview of thermal power generation and the key components involved. It discusses how chemical energy from fuel is converted through various processes into electrical energy. The main components that enable this conversion are the boiler, turbine, and generator. Steam generated in the boiler powers the turbine, which spins the generator's rotor to produce electricity via electromagnetic induction. The turbine has high, intermediate, and low pressure sections to efficiently extract energy from the steam.
Pumps are mechanical devices that use kinetic energy to move fluids by decreasing pressure in the pump's suction and increasing pressure in the discharge. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps which move a fixed volume of fluid with each cycle, and centrifugal pumps which use an impeller to accelerate fluid and increase pressure. Common industrial pumps include centrifugal pumps like axial flow, mixed flow, and vertical turbine pumps as well as positive displacement pumps like reciprocating, screw, and gear pumps. Pumps have components like a casing, impeller, shaft, and seals and are classified according to their method of moving fluid.
This presentation summarizes various hydraulic-based components:
1. Hydraulic cranes use pressurized water to lift heavy loads up to 2500 kN through fixed cylinders and sliding rams connected to pulley blocks.
2. Hydraulic lifts use pressurized fluid and Pascal's law to transport passengers and goods between floors in buildings. They are used in wheelchairs, trucks, material handling, and industrial applications.
3. Hydraulic accumulators store pressurized hydraulic fluid supplied by external sources like springs, weights, or compressed gas, in order to smooth out fluctuations in demand for pumps and hydraulic systems.
This document provides an overview of boiler energy audits. It discusses the importance of auditing boilers to evaluate performance and efficiency over time. The direct and indirect methods for evaluating boiler efficiency are described. Key factors that affect boiler operating efficiency are outlined, such as fuel quality, air supply, and boiler maintenance. Typical losses in boilers like dry flue gas and moisture are also summarized. Finally, the document lists some energy conservation opportunities for boilers like reducing excess air and stack temperatures.
Thermal power plants generate electricity through the combustion of fuel to produce steam that drives a steam turbine which spins an electrical generator. The document discusses several key components and considerations for thermal power plants, including their need for large quantities of fuel (typically coal), water, and land for ash storage. It also outlines the basic energy conversion process from fuel to electricity and highlights some common components like boilers, turbines, condensers, and coal and ash handling systems. Locating thermal plants requires consideration of factors like fuel availability, water sources, and ash disposal.
High pressure steam leakage from the high pressure to intermediate pressure turbine causes several issues:
- It increases calculated heat rate and intermediate pressure efficiency while decreasing low pressure efficiency.
- It decreases the mass flow rate through the downstream high pressure turbine.
- It can lead to load curtailment to avoid overheating reheat tubes or issues with thrust balance and control of reheat temperature.
Seal damage from misalignment, poor start-ups, or water induction incidents can cause the high pressure steam leakage. Replacements or repairs of damaged components like seals, snout rings, and shell joints may be needed to address the leakage.
Two methods to estimate the leakage are the temperature variance method and blow down method which uses
This document provides information about the boiler drum and its functions:
1. The boiler drum separates steam and water mixtures, stores water, and reduces dissolved solids in steam through blowdown. It contains internals like turbo separators and screen dryers for separation.
2. The drum connects to downcomers, risers, feed lines, and superheater lines. Auxiliary lines include blowdown, chemical dosing, and instrumentation.
3. Proper fitting and alignment of internals is important for efficient steam separation and prevention of impurity carryover into steam.
This document provides an overview of the water treatment process at a power plant in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India. The process begins with raw water from the Mahanadi River which undergoes clarification, filtration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and mixed bed demineralization to produce high purity demineralized water. Key steps include solid contact clarification, pressure sand filtration, ultrafiltration to remove particles down to 0.01 microns, and reverse osmosis to remove dissolved minerals before final polishing with mixed bed demineralization. The treated water is then stored in various tanks before use in the plant.
Condensate is the liquid formed when steam condenses and loses its latent heat. A pressurized condensate recovery module (PCRM) collects condensate from a process under pressure and returns it directly to the boiler, retaining more heat than conventional atmospheric discharge systems. The PCRM automatically pumps condensate back to the boiler while venting excess pressure, improving efficiency by reducing make-up water and fuel consumption versus other condensate handling methods.
Centrifugal pumps are machines which use centrifugal force to move liquids. In this program, you will learn the principles, parts, and general operation of these pumps, what pump efficiency is, and how head and pressure are calculated.
5 Whys: Originally developed by Sakichi Toyoda and used within the Toyota Motor Corporation during the evolution of its manufacturing methodologies, 5 Whys is a basic component of problem-solving. By asking ‘Why’ 5 times it encourages the problem solver to avoid assumptions and logic traps and trace the chain of causality from the effect seen through to a root cause. The real root cause should point toward a process that is not working well or does not exist.
Mechanical seals provide a running seal between rotating and stationary parts in pumps. They have advantages over conventional packing such as reduced leakage to meet environmental standards, lower maintenance costs, and ability to seal higher pressures. The basic components of a mechanical seal are the primary seal faces (one stationary, one rotating), secondary seals, and hardware. Seals work by creating a tight sealing contact between flat faces, and can be classified by type (pusher, unbalanced, etc.) and arrangement (single, double, cartridge). Proper seal selection requires considering the liquid, pressure, temperature, liquid characteristics, and reliability/emission needs.
The document discusses steam power plants and their components. It begins with classifying power plants based on the energy source used to generate electricity. It then describes the basic working of a steam power plant using the Rankine cycle to convert heat from fuel combustion into mechanical energy via steam turbines. The major components of a modern steam power plant are identified including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and generator. The document further discusses the layout and circuits involved in steam power plants, with a focus on coal handling and combustion systems. Different types of stokers and their working mechanisms are explained.
Gland condensers are small heat exchangers that condense steam from turbine shaft seals to prevent water accumulation in lubrication systems. Sealing steam injected into shaft seals and steam leakage from high pressure ends can leak out toward bearing housings. Gland condensers apply a slight vacuum using cooling water to condense this steam to water to reduce this leakage and draw water away from lubrication systems.
Pump and cooling tower energy performancemaulik610
This document provides an overview of pumps and cooling towers used in industrial applications. It discusses the main components, types, and operating characteristics of pumps, including centrifugal pumps which account for 75% of installed pumps. The document also examines how to assess pump performance by calculating parameters like pump shaft power and hydraulic power. For cooling towers, it outlines the components and types, and explains how to evaluate cooling tower performance using metrics such as range, approach, effectiveness, cooling capacity, and evaporation loss. The document concludes by identifying opportunities to improve the energy efficiency of pumps and cooling towers through equipment selection and optimization.
The document discusses evaporator performance and factors that affect it. It explains that the boiling point of solutions is higher than water alone, known as boiling point elevation. It also discusses how capacity, economy, and steam consumption are measures of evaporator performance. Capacity is the amount of water vaporized per hour, economy is the amount vaporized per unit of steam, and steam consumption can be estimated from capacity and economy. Duhring's rule and boiling point elevation must be considered for heat transfer calculations in evaporators dealing with solutions.
This document provides information about power plant cooling water systems. It discusses the types of cooling water systems, including once-through and recirculating systems. It describes the components of cooling water systems, such as cooling towers and how they function using evaporation to cool water. It also discusses problems that can occur in cooling water systems, such as scale formation and corrosion, and methods to control these issues. The document is written by Umar Farooq, a chemist, and provides technical details on cooling water chemistry.
Raw Water Intake & Pre Treatment of Raw Water in a Thermal Power PlantSUDHEER KUMAR KALYANAM
The document discusses the treatment process for raw water from rivers and lakes. It describes how raw water contains physical, biological, and chemical impurities. The treatment process involves intake, screening, pre-chlorination, storage, aeration, coagulation, flocculation, clarification, filtration through sand and activated carbon, and storage of filtered water. This multi-stage process removes suspended solids, bacteria, algae and other contaminants to produce portable water suitable for drinking and industrial use.
Best ppt on thermal power station workingRonak Thakare
The document provides an overview of thermal power generation and the key components involved. It discusses how chemical energy from fuel is converted through various processes into electrical energy. The main components that enable this conversion are the boiler, turbine, and generator. Steam generated in the boiler powers the turbine, which spins the generator's rotor to produce electricity via electromagnetic induction. The turbine has high, intermediate, and low pressure sections to efficiently extract energy from the steam.
Pumps are mechanical devices that use kinetic energy to move fluids by decreasing pressure in the pump's suction and increasing pressure in the discharge. There are two main types of pumps: positive displacement pumps which move a fixed volume of fluid with each cycle, and centrifugal pumps which use an impeller to accelerate fluid and increase pressure. Common industrial pumps include centrifugal pumps like axial flow, mixed flow, and vertical turbine pumps as well as positive displacement pumps like reciprocating, screw, and gear pumps. Pumps have components like a casing, impeller, shaft, and seals and are classified according to their method of moving fluid.
This presentation summarizes various hydraulic-based components:
1. Hydraulic cranes use pressurized water to lift heavy loads up to 2500 kN through fixed cylinders and sliding rams connected to pulley blocks.
2. Hydraulic lifts use pressurized fluid and Pascal's law to transport passengers and goods between floors in buildings. They are used in wheelchairs, trucks, material handling, and industrial applications.
3. Hydraulic accumulators store pressurized hydraulic fluid supplied by external sources like springs, weights, or compressed gas, in order to smooth out fluctuations in demand for pumps and hydraulic systems.
This document provides an overview of boiler energy audits. It discusses the importance of auditing boilers to evaluate performance and efficiency over time. The direct and indirect methods for evaluating boiler efficiency are described. Key factors that affect boiler operating efficiency are outlined, such as fuel quality, air supply, and boiler maintenance. Typical losses in boilers like dry flue gas and moisture are also summarized. Finally, the document lists some energy conservation opportunities for boilers like reducing excess air and stack temperatures.
Thermal power plants generate electricity through the combustion of fuel to produce steam that drives a steam turbine which spins an electrical generator. The document discusses several key components and considerations for thermal power plants, including their need for large quantities of fuel (typically coal), water, and land for ash storage. It also outlines the basic energy conversion process from fuel to electricity and highlights some common components like boilers, turbines, condensers, and coal and ash handling systems. Locating thermal plants requires consideration of factors like fuel availability, water sources, and ash disposal.
High pressure steam leakage from the high pressure to intermediate pressure turbine causes several issues:
- It increases calculated heat rate and intermediate pressure efficiency while decreasing low pressure efficiency.
- It decreases the mass flow rate through the downstream high pressure turbine.
- It can lead to load curtailment to avoid overheating reheat tubes or issues with thrust balance and control of reheat temperature.
Seal damage from misalignment, poor start-ups, or water induction incidents can cause the high pressure steam leakage. Replacements or repairs of damaged components like seals, snout rings, and shell joints may be needed to address the leakage.
Two methods to estimate the leakage are the temperature variance method and blow down method which uses
This document provides information about the boiler drum and its functions:
1. The boiler drum separates steam and water mixtures, stores water, and reduces dissolved solids in steam through blowdown. It contains internals like turbo separators and screen dryers for separation.
2. The drum connects to downcomers, risers, feed lines, and superheater lines. Auxiliary lines include blowdown, chemical dosing, and instrumentation.
3. Proper fitting and alignment of internals is important for efficient steam separation and prevention of impurity carryover into steam.
This document provides an overview of the water treatment process at a power plant in Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India. The process begins with raw water from the Mahanadi River which undergoes clarification, filtration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and mixed bed demineralization to produce high purity demineralized water. Key steps include solid contact clarification, pressure sand filtration, ultrafiltration to remove particles down to 0.01 microns, and reverse osmosis to remove dissolved minerals before final polishing with mixed bed demineralization. The treated water is then stored in various tanks before use in the plant.
Condensate is the liquid formed when steam condenses and loses its latent heat. A pressurized condensate recovery module (PCRM) collects condensate from a process under pressure and returns it directly to the boiler, retaining more heat than conventional atmospheric discharge systems. The PCRM automatically pumps condensate back to the boiler while venting excess pressure, improving efficiency by reducing make-up water and fuel consumption versus other condensate handling methods.
Centrifugal pumps are machines which use centrifugal force to move liquids. In this program, you will learn the principles, parts, and general operation of these pumps, what pump efficiency is, and how head and pressure are calculated.
5 Whys: Originally developed by Sakichi Toyoda and used within the Toyota Motor Corporation during the evolution of its manufacturing methodologies, 5 Whys is a basic component of problem-solving. By asking ‘Why’ 5 times it encourages the problem solver to avoid assumptions and logic traps and trace the chain of causality from the effect seen through to a root cause. The real root cause should point toward a process that is not working well or does not exist.
The document discusses Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), a maintenance program concept that aims for zero breakdowns and defects. TPM resembles Total Quality Management in requiring commitment from upper management, empowering employees, and having a long-term outlook. The document outlines the history and background of TPM, what it aims to achieve, and the eight pillars that are key to its implementation: 5S, Autonomous Maintenance, Planned Maintenance, Quality Maintenance, Education and Training, Safety and Health, and Development Management.
This is an excerpt from an upcoming book The Lean Engagement Team. It portrays multiple A3s for Sales EDCA/PDCA/SDCA and a sample of Standard Work for a Lean Sales and Marketing Team.
Gemba kaizen focuses on continuous incremental improvement through small changes. It involves identifying issues or opportunities for improvement at the source of operations ("gemba"), determining the root cause, developing and testing countermeasures, and standardizing successful changes. The goal is to continuously improve processes by reducing waste and non-value-added activities to better meet customer needs in terms of quality, cost and delivery.
1. The document discusses concepts from psychology and psychotherapy including Transactional Analysis.
2. Key concepts discussed include ego states, life positions, strokes, and game analysis. Transactional Analysis focuses on understanding communication and relationships between people.
3. Various diagrams are presented to illustrate the different ego states of parent, adult, and child, as well as the roles in games of persecutor, rescuer, and victim.