Oportunitati de utilizare a energiei solare pentru prepararea apei calde mena...Alianta INFONET
În cadrul proiectului "Eco-tehnologii şi tehnici inovatoare pentru dezvoltarea agriculturii durabile în Moldova", implementat cu suportul Programului polonez de cooperare pentru dezvoltare 2012 al Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Republicii Polonia.
Falesti, 27-28 iunie 2012
This document describes a 5-day training event called "LinKommunity" that brings together short-term joint staff from partner organizations. The training aims to allow partners to better structure their implementation of a community welfare project called "Community Lab" by sharing methodologies and tools for participation in family, education, and community relationships. Over the course of the training, participants will gain awareness of cooperative networks and knowledge of communities of practice, community cooperatives, mutual aid groups, and time banks, as well as home and street education services through analysis of good practices and study visits.
This document outlines the timeline and activities for the MY CODE SIBLING project over a 25 month period. Key project milestones include signing an agreement with the national agency, preparatory meetings for student mobility exchanges to Turkey, Italy, Spain, Romania and Greece, panels on the benefits of coding, evaluating progress, and a final evaluation meeting. The timeline also shows management of the website, branding, and evaluation of the project.
The strategic partnership addressed teaching STEM subjects, entrepreneurship skills, and using ICT for methodological innovation. It involved four schools implementing activities like teacher trainings, student competitions, and developing online resources. The goals were to use innovative education practices using technology, make learning more student-centered, and enhance teacher professional development. Multiple teacher trainings and student activities were held in each participating country over the two years to achieve these goals and increase STEM engagement.
This document provides information about the Linkommunity2018-1-IT02-KA201-048387 project which aims to promote processes and models of participation in educational and social spheres. It lists the consortium members which include organizations from Italy, Romania, North Macedonia, and Turkey who are collaborating on this initiative.
The document summarizes activities carried out between March and May 2019 as part of the Linkommunity Erasmus+ project in Romania. In March, the project was disseminated to several schools and organizations. In April and May, three workshops were held involving teachers, parents, and students to discuss school violence prevention. The workshops presented concepts like systems theory applied to schools and peer mediation. Assessment tests were given to evaluate understanding of peer counseling principles and mediation. Overall, the activities aimed to promote non-violent approaches and cooperation between members of the school community.
The document contains 5 short stories:
1. A boastful fir tree is cut down by a woodcutter after a bramble bush warns it of impending danger.
2. A dog brags about chasing a rabbit for fun while the rabbit was running for its life.
3. Multiple characters like a king, rich man, princess, dog, cat, and rat each wish for something different after seeing something they want. A fairy grants their wishes but they soon desire even more.
4. A duck named Sam overcomes his fear of water by jumping in to save his friends from drowning.
5. A Chinese girl named Zhu disguises herself as a boy to attend school, where
Report on the monitoring of student safety and security in schoolGeorgeta Manafu
The document reports on measures taken to monitor student safety and security at a school during the 2018-2019 school year. Various committees were established to enhance security, including committees for timetables, attendance monitoring, health and safety, and discipline. The committees drew reports, organized prevention activities, maintained student records, and ensured compliance with regulations. Specifically, the Tudor Arghezi Theoretical Highschool implemented measures like requiring ID badges, recording all absences, replacing teachers as needed, and enhancing security with guards, on-duty teachers, and security cameras. Regulations on fire prevention were also displayed and reviewed regularly with students.
Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy through a series of steps. Wind turns the turbine blades, which spin a shaft connected to a generator to produce electricity. The generator uses electromagnetic induction to transform the mechanical energy into electrical current. Other major components include the tower for support and access, foundation to anchor it, and nacelle to house the generator and other parts. While still a relatively small source of energy globally, wind power production has grown significantly in recent decades and provides a substantial portion of electricity in some European countries like Denmark and Germany.
The document summarizes the discovery and properties of X-rays. It discusses how X-rays were accidentally discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen during an experiment with vacuum tubes. It describes that X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with penetration power proportional to wavelength. The document also distinguishes between soft and hard X-rays based on photon energy and discusses some common medical and security uses of X-rays today.
Radiation comes in two forms: ionizing and non-ionizing. Ionizing radiation is emitted from radioactive atoms and can damage body tissues. It includes alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays. Alpha particles have a strong charge but short range, beta particles can penetrate farther, and gamma rays are electromagnetic waves that require dense materials to stop them. Exposure to high levels of radiation can cause both deterministic effects like burns and radiation sickness above a threshold dose, as well as stochastic effects like increased cancer risk related to cumulative exposure levels over time. Detection instruments like Geiger counters use ionization of gas to detect radiation.
Photovoltaic panels convert photons from sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic cells. When photons are absorbed by solar cells, they release electrons which create a current to produce electricity. Photovoltaic panels can be mounted on roofs, terraces, or the ground and come in monocrystalline, polycrystalline, or amorphous forms. Solar collectors capture solar energy in solar rays and convert it to thermal energy to heat water or antifreeze for storage or use. Thermal solar panel systems use heat from the sun to heat domestic hot water by circulating water or antifreeze through collectors and a storage tank.
This document discusses the use of thermoluminescent dosimeters for monitoring radiation exposure. It notes that thermoluminescent dosimeters are the modern technology used in most EU countries. They have tissue-equivalent materials that improve dose measurement accuracy. Thermoluminescent dosimeters are easy to use as self-contained units and have a very low minimum detection limit, allowing measurement of small doses as low as 0.03 mSv. They provide increased accuracy over film dosimeters.
Românismul de la Mihai Eminescu la Grigore Vieruinachirilov
Proiect “Educație online fără hotare” 2023 - 2024,
implementat de Direcția Generală Educație, Tineret și Sport a municipiului Chișinău în cadrul Proiectului “Educație online”
2. Panourile fotovoltaice reprezintă generatorul de energie în
cadrul unui sistem fotovoltaic. Panourile au rolul de conversie a
energiei fotonilor în energie electrică realizată cu ajutorul a mai
multor celule fotovoltaice.
3. Celula solară absoarbe o parte din
particulele de lumină ce cad pe
aceasta, numite și fotoni. Fiecare foton
conține o cantitate mică de energie.
Atunci când un foton este absorbit,
acesta eliberează un electron din
materialul celulei solare. Deoarece
fiecare parte a celulei solare este
conectata la un cablu, un curent va
trece prin acesta. Celula va produce
electricitate ce poate fi folosită
instantaneu sau înmagazinată în
acumulatori.
4. 1. Lumină (fotoni)
2. Suprafață frontală
3. Strat negativ
4. Strat izolator
5. Strat pozitiv
6. Suprafață
posterioară
5. Panourile fotovoltaice sunt de tip monocristalin, policristalin și amorf și
se pot monta în funcție de caracteristicile proiectului pe acoperiș, terase
sau direct pe sol. Pentru fiecare din aceste cazuri sistemele de fixare sunt
diferite.
6. Spre deosebire de panourile solare fotovoltaice,
un colector solar (captator solar, panou solar
termic)este o instalație ce captează energia
solară conținută în razele solare și o transformă
în energie termică.
7. • Din punct de vedere funcțional, componenta principală a
colectorului solar este elementul absorbant care transformă
energia razelor solare în energie termică și o cedează unui
agent termic (apă, antigel). Cu ajutorul acestui agent termic,
energia este preluată de la colector și este fie stocată, fie
utilizată direct (ex. apă caldă de consum).
8. Pentru a reduce pierderile termice inevitabile, este nevoie de o
izolare termică a elementului absorbant de mediul înconjurător.
În funcție de tehnica utilizată în acest scop se deosebesc:
colectoare ce utilizează materiale izolatoare obișnuite;
colectoare în care izolarea termică se realizează cu ajutorul vidului
dar au o tehnologie de fabricație costisitoare;
colectoare ce se bazează pe tehnici simple și care se utilizează la
încălzirea bazinelor de înot.
9. Funcționare panourilor termice
Sistemele de panouri solare
termice folosesc căldura de la
soare pentru a încălzi apa
menajeră. Apa caldă se obține
prin încălzirea agentului termic
(apă, antigel) din interiorul
instalației cu ajutorul radiației
solare.
10. În funcție de tipul sistemului de
circulare al apei, putem vorbi despre:
Panourile solare cu
sistem de circulare
direct. Apa circulă și
este încălzită de soare
în colector. Apa
încălzită este apoi fie
depozitată într-un
bazin, trimisă către un
boiler electric sau
consumată direct.
11. Panourile solare cu sistem
de circulare indirect sau cu
circuit închis. Acest tip de
sistem folosește un lichid anti-
îngheț (antigel) pentru a
transfera căldura de la soare
în cilindrul de colectare.
Energia solară încălzește
lichidul din colectoarele
solare. Apoi, acest lichid trece
printr-un schimbător de
căldură din bazin, transferând
căldura către apă. Antigelul
se întoarce către colectoarele
solare. Acest tip de sistem
este folosit în climatele reci.
12. Panourile solare cu sistem de circulare
activ. Sistemul acesta folosește pompe
electrice, valve și controlere care mută apă
din colectoare în bazin.
