This document discusses Pakistan's participation in United Nations peacekeeping missions and whether it has been a success story. It outlines how peacekeeping aligns with Pakistan's foreign policy goals of promoting international peace and security. Pakistan has been one of the top troop contributors to UN peacekeeping, with over 150,000 Pakistani peacekeepers serving in 41 missions. While some missions like Somalia and Rwanda were ultimately unsuccessful, Somalia was considered a success for Pakistan as it broke diplomatic isolation and enhanced Pakistan's image through the exemplary performance of its peacekeepers. The document evaluates metrics for success including fulfilling mandates and national objectives without controversy.
Foreign Policy
Aims of foreign policy of Pakistan
China and Pakistan’s Relations
Relationship’s History of Pakistan and America
India-Pakistan Relations
Kashmir Conflict
Pak-Afghan Relations
Foreign Policy
Aims of foreign policy of Pakistan
China and Pakistan’s Relations
Relationship’s History of Pakistan and America
India-Pakistan Relations
Kashmir Conflict
Pak-Afghan Relations
Foreign Policy of pakistan
Pakistan has a fiercely independent foreign policy, especially when it comes to issues such as development of nuclear weapons, construction of nuclear reactors, foreign military purchases and other issues that are vital to its national interests. Pakistan has a strategic geo-political location at the corridor of world major maritime oil supply lines, and has close proximity to the resource and oil rich central Asian countries. Pakistan is an important member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), is ranked by the US as a major non-NATO ally in the war against terrorism, and has a highly disciplined and professional military.
The foreign policy of Pakistan sets out in the way it interacts with foreign nations and to determine its standard of interactions for its organizations, corporations and individual citizens.Backed by the semi-agricultural and semi-industrialized economy, Pakistan is the 42th largest (nominal GDP) and 25th largest (purchasing power) economic power in the world, with a defence budget of $6.98 billion, which accounts for approximately ~0.37% of global military spending. The Foreign Minister of Pakistan is the official charged with state-to-state diplomacy, although the Prime minister maintains an ultimate authority over foreign policy. The state foreign policy includes defining the national interest, as well as the economic interest and strategies chosen both to safeguard that and to achieve its policy goals.Following the general election held on May 2013, Tariq Fatimi and NSA Sartaj Aziz are designated as advisers to the Prime Minister on foreign and strategic policies
The prime objective of a state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens-security of life & property, the standard of living, political empowerment
For this, the state formulates a comprehensive set of interdependent policies. Foreign policy is one such policy formulated to achieve the above objectives by utilizing the foreign relations of a country
This presentation is an attempt to explain how the foreign policy of Pakistan is shaped, history, successes & failures, as well as challenges
Before going further, you are advised to read Part 1 of this series for acquainting yourself with theoretical aspects of foreign policy
This document discusses the Foreign policy of Pakistan in detail along with its constituents. Attention is given to the challenges faced by policy makers and the prospects of our policy.
OUTLINE:
GEO-STRAREGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN.
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN.
GEOGRAPHICALLY LOCATION OF PAKISTAN WITH RESPECT TO NEIGHBORS.
GEO-POLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN.
Foreign Policy of pakistan
Pakistan has a fiercely independent foreign policy, especially when it comes to issues such as development of nuclear weapons, construction of nuclear reactors, foreign military purchases and other issues that are vital to its national interests. Pakistan has a strategic geo-political location at the corridor of world major maritime oil supply lines, and has close proximity to the resource and oil rich central Asian countries. Pakistan is an important member of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), is ranked by the US as a major non-NATO ally in the war against terrorism, and has a highly disciplined and professional military.
The foreign policy of Pakistan sets out in the way it interacts with foreign nations and to determine its standard of interactions for its organizations, corporations and individual citizens.Backed by the semi-agricultural and semi-industrialized economy, Pakistan is the 42th largest (nominal GDP) and 25th largest (purchasing power) economic power in the world, with a defence budget of $6.98 billion, which accounts for approximately ~0.37% of global military spending. The Foreign Minister of Pakistan is the official charged with state-to-state diplomacy, although the Prime minister maintains an ultimate authority over foreign policy. The state foreign policy includes defining the national interest, as well as the economic interest and strategies chosen both to safeguard that and to achieve its policy goals.Following the general election held on May 2013, Tariq Fatimi and NSA Sartaj Aziz are designated as advisers to the Prime Minister on foreign and strategic policies
The prime objective of a state is to improve the quality of life of its citizens-security of life & property, the standard of living, political empowerment
For this, the state formulates a comprehensive set of interdependent policies. Foreign policy is one such policy formulated to achieve the above objectives by utilizing the foreign relations of a country
This presentation is an attempt to explain how the foreign policy of Pakistan is shaped, history, successes & failures, as well as challenges
Before going further, you are advised to read Part 1 of this series for acquainting yourself with theoretical aspects of foreign policy
This document discusses the Foreign policy of Pakistan in detail along with its constituents. Attention is given to the challenges faced by policy makers and the prospects of our policy.
OUTLINE:
GEO-STRAREGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN.
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN.
GEOGRAPHICALLY LOCATION OF PAKISTAN WITH RESPECT TO NEIGHBORS.
GEO-POLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN.
World NGO Day 2014-Pakistan (Event Report)ZAFAR IQBAL
Goodwill ambassador for the initiative World NGO Day in Pakistan Mr. Zafar Iqbal who is also founder of The NGO World took this opportunity and celebrated the event for the first time ever in Pakistan on 27th February 2014 on platform of The NGO World with theme “Networking and sharing for Greater Good”.
The final report about the event is being presented.
Nigeria was a product of British Colonial empire-building and the emergence of Nation-States.
Plateau State is a product of Nigeria’s nation-building, a sub-set of the former.
The success of Plateau State as a people will translate into the success of Nigeria as a nation.
Elements are abstract parts of any entity depicting its group dynamics. Group or Community elements are what we see in the nature of the people as they relate to their environment .
The Plateau Elements are the qualities that make ‘Plateau the Beautiful’.
Ican uk seminar - “Chartered Accountants’ fortified Engagement on Anti-Corrup...Abdul Mohammed
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS (CA) ENABLE BUSINESSES, ORGANISATIONS, AND GOVERNMENT TO ACHIEVE THEIR FINANCIAL AND STRATEGIC GOALS.
– SADLY DUE TO BAD GOVERNANCE, THE CA’S RIGOUR AND INTEGRITY HAS BECOME QUESTIONABLE IN AFRICA.
Dissecting the US Integrated Country Strategy for Pakistan in the Regional Co...Amir Jahangir
In this insightful presentation by Amir Jahangir. He presents a comprehensive analysis of the US Country Strategy document for Pakistan.
The presentation points out towards the US desire to limit Pakistan’s military capabilities.
The presentation highlights the document's significant departure from traditional security priorities, emphasizing non-traditional issues like climate change, global health, and economic stability. The presentation underscores the document's focus on democracy, human rights, gender diversity, and the re-engagement of Pakistan with India. Notably, the presentation pointed out the strategic shift in considering Pakistan as part of the Middle East and Near Asia (MENA) region, as reflected in both US policy documents and international institutions.
This analytical presentation provides valuable insights into the evolving dynamics of US-Pakistan relations and the recalibration of priorities in the MENAP context.
2. AIM OF THIS PRESENTATION
TO FIND OUT :
• WHY PAKISTAN PARTICIPATES IN UN
PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS DESPITE THE
HAZARD INVOLVED?
• WHY HAS THIS BEEN A SUCCESS STORY SO
FAR?
4. AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF PAK FOREIGN
POLICY
PAKISTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY SEEKS TO PROTECT,
PROMOTE AND ADVANCE PAKISTAN’S NATIONAL
INTERESTS IN THE EXTERNAL DOMAIN.
THE FOREIGN MINISTRY CONTRIBUTES TOWARDS
SAFEGUARDING PAKISTAN’S SECURITY AND
ADVANCING PAKISTAN’S DEVELOPMENT AGENDA FOR
PROGRESS AND PROSPERITY FOLLOWING THE GUIDING
PRINCIPLES LAID OUT BY OUR FOUNDING FATHERS.
SOURCE: http://www.mofa.gov.pk/content.php?page
ID=Foreign%20Policy
5. GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF PAKISTAN’S
FOREIGN POLICY
QUAID-E-AZAM’S VISION
OUR FOREIGN POLICY IS ONE OF
FRIENDLINESS AND GOODWILL
TOWARDS ALL THE NATIONS OF THE
WORLD. WE DO NOT CHERISH
AGGRESSIVE DESIGNS AGAINST ANY
COUNTRY OR NATION. WE BELIEVE IN
THE PRINCIPLE OF HONESTY AND FAIR
PLAY IN NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL
DEALINGS AND ARE PREPARED TO MAKE
OUR UTMOST CONTRIBUTION TO THE
PROMOTION OF PEACE AND PROSPERITY
AMONG THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD.
PAKISTAN WILL NEVER BE FOUND
LACKING IN EXTENDING ITS MATERIAL
AND MORAL SUPPORT TO THE
OPPRESSED AND SUPPRESSED PEOPLES
OF THE WORLD, AND IN UPHOLDING THE
PRINCIPLES OF THE UN CHARTER.
ARTICLE 40 OF THE
CONSTITUTION
THE STATE SHALL ENDEAVOUR TO
PRESERVE AND STRENGTHEN
FRATERNAL RELATIONS AMONG
MUSLIM COUNTRIES BASED ON
ISLAMIC UNITY, SUPPORT THE
COMMON INTERESTS OF THE
PEOPLES OF ASIA, AFRICA AND
LATIN AMERICA, PROMOTE
INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND
SECURITY, FOSTER GOODWILL
AND FRIENDLY RELATIONS
AMONG ALL NATIONS AND
ENCOURAGE THE SETTLEMENT
OF INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES BY
PEACEFUL MEANS.”
SOURCE: http://www.mofa.gov.pk
/content. php?pageID=Foreign%20Policy
6. PAKISTAN’S UN PEACEKEEPING
OBLIGATIONS
• PAKISTAN JOINED THE UN ON SEPTEMBER 30, 1947, JUST OVER A
MONTH AFTER ITS INDEPENDENCE.
• PAKISTAN IS COMMITTED TO A WORLD IN WHICH UPHOLDING
HUMAN DIGNITY IS THE HIGHEST VALUE AND MAINTAINING
GLOBAL PEACE A SACRED DUTY. PAKISTAN ENVISAGES A WORLD
WHICH IS FREE OF WANT, HUNGER AND DEPRIVATION. A WORLD
WHERE JUSTICE AND FAIR PLAY GOVERN THE AFFAIRS OF HUMAN
BEINGS AND INEQUALITY, OPPRESSION AND WAR ARE ABHORRED.
• OVER THE LAST 66 YEARS, PAKISTAN HAS PUT THIS VISION INTO
PRACTICE BY MAKING SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE
PRINCIPLES AND PURPOSES OF THE UN CHARTER, IN PARTICULAR
THE PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE
AND SECURITY, AS A MEMBER OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL AND
THROUGH ITS CONTRIBUTION TO UN PEACEKEEPING. IT HAS BEEN
AN ARDENT ADVOCATE OF MULTILATERALISM AND THE PRIMACY
OF THE UNITED NATIONS IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS.
SOURCE: OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE PAK MISSION TO THE UN
http://www.pakun.org/Pakistan%20at%20the%20UN/
7. PEACEKEEPING AS A PILLAR OF
FOREIGN POLICY
• PAKISTAN'S CONTRIBUTION TO UN PEACEKEEPING IS A KEY PILLAR OF OUR FOREIGN
POLICY.
• PAKISTAN'S PARTNERSHIP WITH UN PEACEKEEPING IS UNIQUE IN THE SENSE THAT WE
HAVE BEEN AMONG THE TOP TROOP CONTRIBUTORS TO THE UN, AND ALSO HOST
ONE OF THE FIRST UN PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS, I.E. THE UN MILITARY OBSERVER
GROUP IN INDIA AND PAKISTAN (UNMOGIP), THAT CONTINUES TO MONITOR
CEASEFIRE ALONG THE LINE OF CONTROL IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR.
• EVER SINCE OUR FIRST DEPLOYMENT IN THE UN MISSION IN CONGO IN 1960, OVER
150,000 PAKISTANI PEACEKEEPERS HAVE SERVED WITH DISTINCTION IN 41
PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD. PAKISTAN IS PROUD OF
ITS ROLE IN SOME OF THE NOTABLE SUCCESSES OF PEACEKEEPING INCLUDING SIERRA
LEONE, BURUNDI, TIMOR-LESTE AND LIBERIA. 142 PAKISTANI PEACEKEEPERS HAVE
MADE THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE IN THE CAUSE OF WORLD PEACE. PAKISTANI
PEACEKEEPERS HAVE EARNED RESPECT AND REPUTE FOR THEIR PROFESSIONALISM
AND DEVOTION TO DUTY. OUR WOMEN HAVE ALSO BEEN OUTSTANDING IN THE FIELD.
SHAHZADI GULFAM OF PAKISTAN POLICE WAS THE FIRST EVER RECIPIENT OF
INTERNATIONAL FEMALE POLICE PEACEKEEPER AWARD IN 2011.
STATEMENT OF ADVISER TO THE PM ON NATIONAL SECURITY & FOREIGN AFFAIRS
IN UN SEMINAR ON PEACEKEEPING & TRAINING IN NDU, ISLAMABAD 2015
http://www.mofa.gov.pk/pr-details.php?mm=MzIxNQ
8. SUCCESS IN PEACEKEEPING?
UN PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS OPERATE IN
THE MOST DANGEROUS AND DIFFICULT
ENVIRONMENTS IN THE WORLD, DEALING
WITH CONFLICTS – OR THEIR AFTERMATH –
WHICH OTHERS CANNOT OR WILL NOT
ADDRESS. WE CAN ACHIEVE WHAT OTHERS
CAN’T, BUT SUCCESS IS NEVER GUARANTEED.
SOURCE: OFFICIAL UN WEBSITE
http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/operat
ions/success.shtml
9. HOW DOES THE UN RATE A
MISSION AS A SUCCESS?
LEGITIMACY
CREDIBILITY/
ACCEPTABILITY
CAPABILITY
FULFILMENT OF
MISSION FACILITATING
CONFLICT
RESOLUTION
PLANNING
11. SOME UNSUCCESSFUL UN MISSIONS
• SOMALIA (1993). IN THE ANNALS OF THE UN, THE
PEACEKEEPING MISSION IN SOMALIA IS CONSIDERED A
FAILURE BECAUSE OF
– FIRST THE TRAGIC DEATHS OF 25 PAKISTANI SOLDIERS (PLUS 54
INJURED)
– FOLLOWED BY 18 US SOLDIERS, SOME OF WHOM WERE
DISMEMBERED AND DRAGGED THROUGH THE STREETS IN
MOGADISHU (PLUS 75 INJURED)
• RWANDA (1994). UN PEACEKEEPERS IN RWANDA STOOD BY
AS HUTU SLAUGHTERED SOME 800,000 TUTSI.
• BOSNIA (1995). NOTHING WAS DONE TO SECURE THE UN
DECLARED SAFE AREAS, LETTING THE SERBS BRUTALLY
SLAUGHTER UPTO 20,000 MUSLIM MEN AND TEEN AGED
BOYS, AND WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN SREBRENICA.
Thomas W. Jacobson, U.N. Peacekeeping: Few Successes,
Many Failures, Inherent Flaws, 2015
12. AMERICAN RETREAT FROM SOMALIA
• IMAGES OF AMERICAN
SOLDIERS BEING DRAGGED
THROUGH THE STREETS OF
MOGADISHU LED PRESIDENT
CLINTON TO PULL OUT THE US
OUT OF SOMALIA BY 1994
• UN MISSION PULLED OUT IN
1995
• SOMALIA FELL BACK INTO
ANARCHY & CIVIL WAR
13. PAKISTAN DID NOT WITHDRAW
UNILATERALLY
• PAKISTAN DECIDED NOT TO WITHDRAW FROM
SOMALIA EVEN AFTER THE JUNE 5 INCIDENT
• THIS SIGNALLED TO THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY THAT
– IT TAKES ITS INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS
SERIOUSLY
– DOES NOT LEAVE THE CONFLICT AREA WITHOUT
THE COMPLETION OF ITS MANDATE
14. WHY SOMALIA A SUCCESS STORY FOR
PAKISTAN?
• BROKE DIPLOMATIC ISOLATION
– WHEN THE OPERATION FOR SOMALIA WAS BEING
PLANNED, PAKISTAN WAS FACING INCREASING ISOLATION
BECAUSE OF ITS NUCLEAR PROGRAM & WAS ON THE
VERGE OF BEING DECLARED A SPONSOR OF TERROR
– PARTICIPATION IN UNOSOM I & II SIGNALLED
REINTEGRATION INTO THE COMITY OF NATIONS
• ENHANCED PAKISTAN’S IMAGE: PERFORMANCE OF
PAKISTANI SOLDIERS WAS EXAMPLARY & WAS
APPRECIATED BY ALL & SUNDRY
• OPENED UP PAKISTAN’S PROSPECTS FOR
PEACEKEEPING: IT BECAME THE STEPPING STONE FOR
PAKISTAN TO PARTICIPATE IN MORE UNPKOs
15. MANDATE OF UNOSOM
UNOSOM I
• UNSCR 751 OF 24 APRIL 1992
– TO MONITOR THE CEASEFIRE IN
MOGADISHU, THE CAPITAL OF
SOMALIA; AND
– TO PROVIDE PROTECTION AND
SECURITY FOR UN PERSONNEL,
EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES AT THE
SEAPORTS AND AIRPORTS IN
MOGADISHU AND
– ESCORT DELIVERIES OF
HUMANITARIAN SUPPLIES FROM
THERE TO DISTRIBUTION CENTRES IN
THE CITY AND ITS IMMEDIATE
ENVIRONS.
• UNSCR 775 OF 28 AUGUST OF 1992,
EXPANDED THE STRENGTH TO ENABLE IT
TO PROTECT HUMANITARIAN CONVOYS
AND DISTRIBUTION CENTRES
THROUGHOUT SOMALIA.
UNITAF
• ON 3 DECEMBER 1992, AFTER
THE SITUATION IN SOMALIA HAD
FURTHER DETERIORATED, UNSCR
794 (1992), AUTHORIZED
MEMBER STATES TO FORM THE
UNIFIED TASK FORCE (UNITAF) TO
ESTABLISH A SAFE ENVIRONMENT
FOR THE DELIVERY OF
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE.
• UNITAF WORKED IN
COORDINATION WITH UNOSOM I
TO SECURE MAJOR POPULATION
CENTRES AND ENSURE THAT
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE WAS
DELIVERED AND DISTRIBUTED.
16. SOMALIA: SUCCESS MATRIX
SERIAL BENCHMARKS STAR RATING
1 FULFILMENT OF NATIONAL
FOREIGN POLICY OBJECTIVES
2 FULFILMENT OF THE UN MANDATE
3 ENHANCEMENT OF THE
COUNTRY’S IMAGE
4 COMPLETION OF MISSION
WITHOUT CONTROVERSY,
SCANDAL & CASUALTIES
17. UN CHIEF LAUDS PAKISTANI
PEACEKEEPERS CONTRIBUTION TO
WORLD PEACE, 3 JUNE 2016