This project mainly describes how a data can be send securely via a network without getting being hacked by any intruder.here we use various different kind of cryptographic principal and secure mechanism where in which it complete protection to our data
This document includes fundamental of software project management and StepWise project planning. Definition of software project management. It also includes TOPIC WISE syllabus of spm.(Deenbandhu Chotu Ram University of Science & Technology)
This document includes fundamental of software project management and StepWise project planning. Definition of software project management. It also includes TOPIC WISE syllabus of spm.(Deenbandhu Chotu Ram University of Science & Technology)
Both mobile operators and cybercriminals make heavy use of the SS7 protocol on previous-generation networks.
SS7 is old and vulnerable to attacks, yet will underpin the advanced networks of tomorrow. Learning more about SS7 is mission-critical for securing increasingly complex environments.
Watch the webinar to learn all about the ins and outs of SS7 for a smooth transition to 5G!
Our premium SS7 Security Analysis Report serves as a valuable knowledge base for cybersecurity specialists and network experts as they prepare for the security challenges of 2020. To access the report, go to: https://positive-tech.com/research/ss7-network-security-analysis-2020/
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, media access control (MAC) data communication protocol is a sublayer of the data link layer (layer 2). The MAC sublayer provides addressing and channel access control mechanisms that make it possible for several terminals or network nodes to communicate within a multiple access network that incorporates a shared medium, e.g. an Ethernet network. The hardware that implements the MAC is referred to as a media access controller.
The MAC sublayer acts as an interface between the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the network's physical layer. The MAC layer emulates a full-duplex logical communication channel in a multi-point network. This channel may provide unicast, multicast or broadcast communication service.
Worldwide attacks on SS7/SIGTRAN networkP1Security
Publication performed by Alexandre De Oliveira and Pierre-Olivier Vauboin during Hackito Ergo Sum 2014
Mobile telecommunication networks are complex and provide a wide range of services, making them a tempting target for fraudsters and for intelligence agencies. Moreover, the architecture, equipment and protocols used on these networks were never designed with security in mind, availability being the first concern. Today, even though some telecom operators are investing money into securing their network, events confirm that for most of them maturity in term of security is yet to come, as recently shown with the example of massive traffic interception on compromised SCCP and GRX providers like Belgacom’s BICS. Here we present the most typical and legitimate telecom callflows from making a mobile phone call to sending a SMS. Then we describe the protocol layers involved and how to abuse them, which fields can be manipulated in order to attack both the operator infrastructure and its subscribers. Finally, we show a real life example of scan performed from an international SS7 interconnection and practical attacks on subscribers such as spam, spoofed SMS and user location tracking.
Both mobile operators and cybercriminals make heavy use of the SS7 protocol on previous-generation networks.
SS7 is old and vulnerable to attacks, yet will underpin the advanced networks of tomorrow. Learning more about SS7 is mission-critical for securing increasingly complex environments.
Watch the webinar to learn all about the ins and outs of SS7 for a smooth transition to 5G!
Our premium SS7 Security Analysis Report serves as a valuable knowledge base for cybersecurity specialists and network experts as they prepare for the security challenges of 2020. To access the report, go to: https://positive-tech.com/research/ss7-network-security-analysis-2020/
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, media access control (MAC) data communication protocol is a sublayer of the data link layer (layer 2). The MAC sublayer provides addressing and channel access control mechanisms that make it possible for several terminals or network nodes to communicate within a multiple access network that incorporates a shared medium, e.g. an Ethernet network. The hardware that implements the MAC is referred to as a media access controller.
The MAC sublayer acts as an interface between the logical link control (LLC) sublayer and the network's physical layer. The MAC layer emulates a full-duplex logical communication channel in a multi-point network. This channel may provide unicast, multicast or broadcast communication service.
Worldwide attacks on SS7/SIGTRAN networkP1Security
Publication performed by Alexandre De Oliveira and Pierre-Olivier Vauboin during Hackito Ergo Sum 2014
Mobile telecommunication networks are complex and provide a wide range of services, making them a tempting target for fraudsters and for intelligence agencies. Moreover, the architecture, equipment and protocols used on these networks were never designed with security in mind, availability being the first concern. Today, even though some telecom operators are investing money into securing their network, events confirm that for most of them maturity in term of security is yet to come, as recently shown with the example of massive traffic interception on compromised SCCP and GRX providers like Belgacom’s BICS. Here we present the most typical and legitimate telecom callflows from making a mobile phone call to sending a SMS. Then we describe the protocol layers involved and how to abuse them, which fields can be manipulated in order to attack both the operator infrastructure and its subscribers. Finally, we show a real life example of scan performed from an international SS7 interconnection and practical attacks on subscribers such as spam, spoofed SMS and user location tracking.
Professor Dr. Sudip Misra gave a lecture on "Jamming in Wireless Sensor Networks" in the Distinguished Lecturer Series - Leon The Mathematician.
More Information available at:
http://goo.gl/sM0jy
GNSS Jamming Detection, Localization and MitigationMarco Lisi
Presentation on "GNSS Jamming Detection, Localization and
Mitigation" at the Navigation, Surveillance and Signal Intelligence Roudtable, Warsaw, 11-12 March, 2015
Intel IT recently conducted a 10-day crowdsourcing activity to gather ideas on how to increase organizational innnovation. We asked our participants 4 easy questions and learned a wealth of information from the responses.
Hiding message from hacker using novel network techniquesPriyangaRajaram
we address the trouble of selective jamming attacks in wireless networks. In these assaults, the adversary is energetic best for a brief period of time, selectively concentrated on messages of excessive significance. We illustrate the benefits of selective jamming in phrases of network performance degradation and adversary effort with the aid of offering case research. A selective assault on TCP and one on routing. We show that selective jamming attacks can be launched with the aid of performing actual-time packet classification at the physical layer. To mitigate these attacks, we develop 3 schemes that prevent actual-time packet class via combining cryptographic primitives with physical-layer attributes. We analyze the security of our strategies and examine their computational and communication overhead.
Prevention of Selective Jamming Attacks by Using Packet Hiding MethodsIOSR Journals
Abstract: The open nature of the wireless medium leaves it too weak to intentional interference attacks,
typically defined as jamming. This intentional interference with wireless transmissions can be used as a launch
pad for mounting Denial-of-Service attacks on wireless networks. Typically, jamming has been introduced
under an external threat model. However, intruders with internal knowledge of protocol specifications and
network secrets can launch low-effort jamming attacks that are difficult to detect and counter. In this work, we
address the problem of selective jamming attacks in wireless networks. In these attacks, the hacker is active only
for a short period of time, selectively targeting messages of high importance. We demonstrate the advantages of
selective jamming in terms of network performance degradation and hacker effort by presenting two case
studies; a selective attack on TCP and one on routing. We show that selective jamming attacks can be
forwarded by performing real-time packet classification at the physical layer. To reduce these attacks, we
develop three schemes that prevent real-time packet classification by combining cryptographic primitives with
physical-layer attributes. We analyze the security of the proposed methods and evaluate their computational and
communication overhead.
Prevention of Packet Hiding Methods In Selective Jamming AttackIJCERT
The sharing nature of wireless medium provides various challenging features among various set of users. It is very important in real world and it provides better transfer rate but authentication is ignored. The limitations of existing wired network are overcome by wireless network. These networks act as source for various types of jamming attacks. In analysis and detection of jamming attack various methods are available but sometime they fail. In case of external threat the analysis and reporting of jamming attack is very easy model but it is quite difficult in terms of internal threat model, these internal term uses the knowledge about network secrets and network protocols to launch various attacks with very low effort. Various cryptographic techniques are implemented to prevent these attacks. The main goal of this project is to prevent the information at the wireless physical layer and allowed the safe transmission among communicated nodes although the attacker is present.
SELECTIVE JAMMING ATTACK PREVENTION BASED ON PACKET HIDING METHODS AND WORMHOLESIJNSA Journal
The wireless networks are more sensitive to the Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. The existing system is based on Spread Spectrum (SS). This technique mainly focuses on an external threat model. In wireless network the communications between nodes take place through broadcast communication. That is why, if an attacker present within the network can easily eavesdrop the message sent by any node. The main attack present in the wireless network is the selective jamming attack. This type of attack mainly focuses a single node termed as target node. Attacker always tries to block the message sent by the target node. This leads to the Denial-of-Service attack. We are proposing a new method to prevent the selective jamming attack in an internal threat model.
A wormhole is used, which will generate an alarm to indicate the presence of jammer and sent IP address of jammer node to all other nodes in the network. Using a method called packet hiding, we can send message through the network even though a jammer is present. This method is based on the technique called Strong Hiding Commitment Scheme (SHCS). Here, the access point in a network region becomes the wormhole whenever it finds out any node that violates the rules in a particular network region. That node is then considered as a jammer node. The wormhole sends IP address of jammer to all other nodes. Wormhole then prevents the jamming activity of the jammer by encrypting the source ID of message along with the message packet.So that the jammer is unable to identify its target node and the source can forward its message safely through jammer node itself.
Selective jamming attack prevention based on packet hiding methods and wormholesIJNSA Journal
Because of the widespread use of wireless sensor ne
tworks in many applications, and due to the nature
of
the specifications of these networks (WSN) in terms
of wireless communication, the network contract
specifications, and published it in difficult envir
onments. All this leads to the network exposure to
many
types of external attacks. Therefore, the protectio
n of these networks from external attacks is consid
ered the
one of the most important researches at this time.
In this paper we investigated the security in wirel
ess
sensor networks, Limitations of WSN, Characteristic
Values for some types of attacks, and have been
providing protection mechanism capable of detecting
and protecting wireless sensor networks from a wid
e
range of attacks
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A Novel Method for Preventing Selective Jamming Attacks in Wireless NetworksIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES FOR PREVENTING SELECTIVE JAMMING ATTACKS USING PACKET-HID...ijiert bestjournal
The wireless networks are more vulnerable to jammin g. This jamming can be used as a launch pad for mounting Denial-Of-Service attack on wireless networks. Typically,jamming has been address under an external threat model. Ho wever,adversaries with internal knowledge of protocol specification and network sec rets can launch low-effort jamming attacks that are difficult to detect and counter. I n this work we address the problem of jamming attacks as internal threat model,where the attacker is aware of all network secrets and details of implementation. These types of attac kers are difficult to identify. In this work we address the problem of selective jamming attacks . In these attacks the attacker is active for only short period of time,selectively targetin g the messages. The selective jamming attacks can be launched by performing real-time pac ket classification at the physical layer. To mitigate these attacks,we illustrate different sch emes that prevent real-time packet classification by combining cryptographic primitive s with physical-layer attributes.
The peer-reviewed International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) is started with a mission to encourage contribution to research in Science and Technology. Encourage and motivate researchers in challenging areas of Sciences and Technology.
DSSS with ISAKMP Key Management Protocol to Secure Physical Layer for Mobile ...IJNSA Journal
The wireless and dynamic nature of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) leaves them more vulnerable to security attacks than their wired counterparts. The nodes act both as routers and as communication end points. This makes the physical layer more prone to security attacks. The MANET physical layer is challenging to DoS attack and also some passive attacks. The physical layer protocol in MANETs is responsible for bit-level transmission between network nodes. The proposed model combines spread spectrum technology Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) with key management technique ISAKMP to defend against signal jamming denial-of-service attacks in physical layer of MANET.DSSS with ISAKMP is found to be a good security solution even with its known security problems. The simulation is done using network simulator qualnet 5.0 for different number of mobile nodes. The proposed model has shown improved results in terms of Average throughput, Average end to end delay, Average packet delivery ratio, and Average jitter.
Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) assure to expand high-speed wireless connectivity beyond what is possible with the current Wi-Fi based infrastructure. Due to their unique architectural features leave them particularly vulnerable to security threats. In this paper, various forms of sophisticated attacks launched from adversaries with internal access to the WMN are described. We also identify possible detection and mitigation mechanisms
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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Packet hiding methods for preventing selective jamming attacks
1.
2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
AIM
EXISTING SYSTEM
PROPOSED SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
MODULES
SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
3. INTRODUCTION
The open nature of the wireless medium leaves it vulnerable to interference
attacks, typically referred to as jamming.
This interference attacks can be used for performing Eavesdropping &
Denial-of-Service attacks on wireless network
While eavesdropping can be prevented using cryptographic methods,
jamming attacks are much harder to counter. They have been shown to
actualize Denial-of-Service (DOS) attacks against wireless networks.
If an attacker truly wanted to compromise your LAN and wireless security
the most efficient approach would be to send random unauthenticated
packets to every wireless station in a network
4. We illustrate the advantages of selective jamming in terms of network
performance degradation and adversary effort by presenting two case studies.
Typically, jamming has been addressed under an external threat model. in
which the jammer is not part of the network. Under this model, the adversary
interferes with the reception of messages by transmitting a continuous jamming
signal.
In this Work, we address the problem of jamming under an internal threat
model. We consider a sophisticated adversary who is aware of network secrets and
the implementation details of network & exploits his knowledge for launching
selective jamming attacks in which specific messages of “high importance” are
targeted
5. AIM
To Show that Selective Jamming Attacks can be Launched By
Performing Real-Time Packet Classification at Physical layer.
To Prevent these attacks develop schemes that prevent Real-Time
packet classification by combining Cryptographic Primitives with
Physical layers attributes.
6. EXISTING SYSTEM
Jamming attacks are much harder to counter and has more
security problems.
In the simplest form of jamming, the adversary interferes with the
reception of messages by transmitting a continuous jamming signal , or
several short jamming pulses.
Conventional anti-jamming techniques rely extensively on spread-spectrum
(SS) communications or some form of jamming evasion (e.g.,
slow frequency hopping, or spatial retreats). SS techniques provide bit-level
protection by spreading bits according to a secret pseudo-noise
(PN) code, known only to the communicating parties. These methods
can only protect wireless transmissions under the external threat
model.
7. DISADVATAGES –EXISTING SYSTEM
Broadcast communications are particularly vulnerable under an internal threat
model because all intended receivers must be aware of the secrets used to protect
transmissions.
The open nature of the wireless medium leaves it vulnerable to intentional
interference attacks, typically referred to as jamming.
Anyone with a transceiver can eavesdrop on wireless transmissions, inject
spurious messages, or jam legitimate ones.
Hence, the compromise of a single receiver is sufficient to reveal relevant
cryptographic information
8. PROPOSED SYSTEM
In the proposed system, we address the problem of jamming under
an internal threat model
We consider a sophisticated adversary who is aware of network secrets
and the implementation details of network protocols.
The adversary exploits his internal knowledge for launching selective
jamming attacks in which specific messages of “high importance” are targeted
For example, a jammer can target route-request/route- reply messages at
the routing layer to prevent route discovery, or target TCP acknowledgments in
a TCP session to severely degrade the throughput
9. ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
Relatively Easy to Actualize by Exploiting Knowledge of the Network Protocol
and Cryptographic Primitives , extracted from Compromised nodes
Achieving strong security and prevention of Network performance
Degradation
Jamming Attacks can be more easily Encountered and treated.
12. MODULES DESCRIPTION:
Network module
We address the problem of preventing the jamming node from classifying m in real
time, thus mitigating J’s ability to perform selective jamming.
The network consists of a collection of nodes connected via wireless links. Nodes may
communicate directly if they are within communication range, or indirectly via multiple
hops. Nodes communicate both in unicast mode and broadcast mode. Communications
can be either unencrypted or encrypted. For encrypted broadcast communications,
symmetric keys are shared among all intended receivers. These keys are established
using preshared pair wise keys or asymmetric cryptography.
REALTIME PACKET CLASSIFICATION
At the PHY layer, a packet m is encoded, interleaved, and modulated before it is
transmitted over the wireless channel. At the receiver, the signal is demodulated, de
interleaved, and decoded, to recover the original packet m. Moreover, even if the
encryption key of a hiding scheme were to remain secret, the static portions of a
transmitted packet could potentially lead to packet classification. This is because for
computationally-efficient encryption methods such as block encryption, the encryption
of a prefix plaintext with the same key yields a static cipher text prefix. Hence, an
adversary who is aware of the underlying protocol specifics (structure of the frame) can
use the static cipher text portions of a transmitted packet to classify it.
13. A STRONG HIDING COMMITMENT SCHEME
We propose a strong hiding commitment scheme (SHCS), which is based
on symmetric cryptography. Our main motivation is to satisfy the strong
hiding property while keeping the computation and communication
overhead to a minimum.
in the vicinity of a sender must receive the entire packet and decrypt it,
before the packet type and destination can be determined. However, in
wireless protocols such as 802.11, the complete packet is received at the MAC
layer before it is decided if the packet must be discarded or be further
processed . If some parts of the MAC header are deemed not to be useful
information to the jammer, they can remain unencrypted in the header of
the packet, thus avoiding the decryption operation at the receiver.
14. 5. Cryptographic Puzzle Hiding Scheme (CPHS)
we present a packet hiding scheme based on cryptographic puzzles. The main
idea behind such puzzles is to force the recipient of a puzzle execute a pre-defined
set of computations before he is able to extract a secret of interest. The
time required for obtaining the solution of a puzzle depends on its hardness
and the computational ability of the solver. The advantage of the puzzle based
scheme is that its security does not rely on the PHY layer parameters. However,
it has higher computation and communication overhead
HIDING BASED ON ALL-OR-NOTHING TRANSFORMATIONS
The packets are pre-processed by an AONT before transmission but remain
unencrypted. The jammer cannot perform packet classification until all
pseudo-messages corresponding to the original packet have been received and
the inverse transformation has been applied. Packet m is partitioned to a set of
x input blocks
m = {m1, m2, m3….}, which serve as an input to an The set of pseudo-messages
m = {m1, m2, m3,…..} is transmitted over the wireless medium.
15. UML DIAGRAMS
Start
WSN jamming attacks
Connection Established
source Deatination
De-interleaving
channel Encoding
Connect
interleaving
Channel Decoding
jamming attack analysis
End
Packet send
Show Result
Packet Hiding
Data Flow Diagram
23. Packet hiding queue
Packet hiding Queue is responsible for sending the packets in a queue
format i.e., first come first served the packets which come first will be sent first
in a sequential order.
The packet hiding acts as a server which is used for identifying the
destination. It also checks the size of the data when we are transmitting .
Each packet will be storing its corresponding information in the binary
format.
The packet hiding queue is responsible for sending the data to the destination
28. CONCLUSION
We addressed the problem of selective jamming attacks in wireless networks. We
considered an internal adversary model in which the jammer is part of the network
under attack, thus being aware of the protocol specifications and shared network
secrets. We showed that the jammer can classify transmitted packets in real time
by decoding the first few symbols of an ongoing transmission. We evaluated the
impact of selective jamming attacks on network protocols such as TCP and
routing. Our findings show that a selective jammer can significantly impact
performance with very low effort. We developed three schemes that transform a
selective jammer to a random one by preventing real-time packet classification.
Our schemes combine cryptographic primitives such as commitment schemes,
cryptographic puzzles, and all-or-nothing transformations (AONTs) with physical
layer characteristics. We analyzed the security of our schemes and quantified their
computational and communication overhead.
29. REFERENCES
[1] T. X. Brown, J. E. James, and A. Sethi. Jamming and sensing of
encrypted wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of MobiHoc, pages
120–130, 2006.
[2] M. Cagalj, S. Capkun, and J.-P. Hubaux. Wormhole-based
antijamming
techniques in sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile
Computing, 6(1):100–114, 2007.
[3] A. Chan, X. Liu, G. Noubir, and B. Thapa. Control channel jamming:
Resilience and identification of traitors. In Proceedings of ISIT, 2007.
[4] T. Dempsey, G. Sahin, Y. Morton, and C. Hopper. Intelligent sensing
and classification in ad hoc networks: a case study. Aerospace and
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[6] K. Gaj and P. Chodowiec. FPGA and ASIC implementations of AES.
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30. [7] O. Goldreich. Foundations of cryptography: Basic applications. Cambridge
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[8] B. Greenstein, D. Mccoy, J. Pang, T. Kohno, S. Seshan, and D. Wetherall.
Improving wireless privacy with an identifier-free link layer
protocol. In Proceedings of MobiSys, 2008.
IEEE. IEEE 802.11 standard. http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/
download/802.11-2007.pdf, 2007. [10] A. Juels and J. Brainard. Client puzzles: A
cryptographic countermeasure
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[11] Y. W. Law, M. Palaniswami, L. V. Hoesel, J. Doumen, P. Hartel, and
P. Havinga. Energy-efficient link-layer jamming attacks against WSN
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[12] L. Lazos, S. Liu, and M. Krunz. Mitigating control-channel jamming
attacks in multi-channel ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 2nd
ACM conference on wireless network security, pages 169–180, 2009.