This document discusses organizing and outlining speeches. It recommends writing a speech outline to lower speaker anxiety, keep the audience engaged, and prevent the speaker from getting lost. There are three types of outlines: preliminary, comprehensive, and speaking. The comprehensive outline is the most detailed and includes full sentences, an introduction with thesis and main points, body with evidence, and conclusion. The speaking outline is brief and used during the presentation with notes. Effective outlines use visual frameworks like indentation and numbering systems to structure ideas. Connectives like internal previews, transitions, and signposts help tie the speech ideas together.