This document discusses optimizing fire suppression systems using fire dynamics simulation. It focuses on using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) to optimize smoke control systems in buildings and water mist fire suppression systems. The researchers developed an optimum design method for these systems using FDS that proved useful for fire prevention system design. They aim to apply this optimization approach coupling FDS and optimization methods to other urban safety designs.
Advanced Modeling Techniques for Permit Modeling - Turning challenges into o...Sergio A. Guerra
Advance modeling techniques can be used in AERMOD to refine the inputs that are entered in the model to get more accurate results. This presentation covers:
-AERMOD’s Temporal Mismatch Limitation
-Building Downwash Limitations in BPIP/PRIME
-Advanced Modeling Techniques to Overcome these Limitations
Solutions include:
Equivalent Building Dimensions (EBD)
Emission Variability Processor (EMVAP)
Updated ambient ratio method (ARM2)
Pairing AERMOD values with the 50th % background concentrations in cumulative analyses.
Use of Probabilistic Statistical Techniques in AERMOD Modeling EvaluationsSergio A. Guerra
The advent of the short term National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) prompted modelers to reassess the common practices in dispersion modeling analyses. The probabilistic nature of the new short term standards also opens the door to alternative modeling techniques that are based on probability. One of these is the Monte Carlo technique that can be used to account for emission variability in permit modeling.
Currently, it is assumed that a given emission unit is in operation at its maximum capacity every hour of the year. This assumption may be appropriate for facilities that operate at full capacity most of the time. However, in most cases, emission units operate at variable loads that produce variable emissions. Thus, assuming constant maximum emissions is overly conservative for facilities such as power plants that are not in operation all the time and which exhibit high concentrations during very short periods of time.
Another element of conservatism in NAAQS demonstrations relates to combining predicted concentrations from the AMS/EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD) with observed (monitored) background concentrations. Normally, some of the highest monitored observations are added to the AERMOD results yielding a very conservative combined concentration.
A case study is presented to evaluate the use of alternative probabilistic methods to complement the shortcomings of current dispersion modeling practices. This case study includes the use of the Monte Carlo technique and the use of a reasonable background concentration to combine with the AERMOD predicted concentrations. The use of these methods is in harmony with the probabilistic nature of the NAAQS and can help demonstrate compliance through dispersion modeling analyses, while still being protective of the NAAQS.
Pairing aermod concentrations with the 50th percentile monitored valueSergio A. Guerra
Presentation delivered to the Background Concentrations Workgroup for Air Dispersion Modeling organized by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. delivered on March 25, 2014. Three topics covered include 1) Screening monitoring data, 2) AERMOD’s time-space mismatch, and
3) Proposed 50th % Bkg Method
ALTERNATE METHOD TO COMBINE MONITORED AND PREDICTED CONCENTRATIONS IN DISPERS...Sergio A. Guerra
The advent of the short term NAAQS has prompted us to reassess the level of conservatism commonly used in dispersion modeling analyses. An area of conservatism in NAAQS demonstrations relates to the combining of predicted (modeled) concentrations from AERMOD with observed (monitored) concentrations. Normally, some of the highest monitored observations are combined with AERMOD results yielding a very conservative total concentration. For example, in the case of the 1-hour NO2 NAAQS, the chances of the 98th percentile monitored concentration occurring at the same time as the meteorology to generate the 98th percentile ambient concentration is extremely low. Therefore, assuming that both of these happen at the same time is overly conservative.
This presentation includes justification for the use of a reasonable background concentration to combine with the AERMOD predicted concentration. The use of this method, if accepted by regulatory agencies, can help facilities demonstrate compliance in dispersion modeling analyses by assuming a more reasonable background concentration while, at the same time being protective of the NAAQS.
dispersion modeling requirements are more common in air permitting projects and in many cases become the bottleneck in permitting. Unlike any other consulting firm, CPP promotes cutting edge techniques which can alleviate excessive conservatism in permit modeling to a reasonable level that still protects public health. At CPP we start with the standard modeling techniques and apply the following advanced analysis tools, as needed, to optimize your permitting strategy:
• Analysis of BPIP output to verify if AERMOD is overpredicting,
• Screening tool to assess the benefit of refining the BPIP building dimensions inputs,
• Use of Equivalent Building Dimension (EBD) studies to correct building wake effects in AERMOD,
• Evaluation of background concentrations to determine a reasonable value to combine with predicted concentrations,
• Use of the Monte Carlo approach (i.e., EMVAP) to address sources with variable emissions,
• Use of the adjusted friction velocity (u-star) option in AERMET to address AERMOD’s overestimation during low wind stable hours,
• Site analysis to determine whether stacks taller than formula GEP stack heights are justified,
• Site specific wind tunnel modeling to determine GEP stack heights and Equivalent Building Dimensions,
• Site-specific wind erosion inputs, and
• Area and volume source enhancements.
Effects of Wind Direction on VOC Concentrations in Southeast KansasSergio A. Guerra
Twenty-four-hour whole-air samples were collected in evacuated stainless steel canisters and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOC) at selected sites in southeast Kansas from March 1999 to October 2000. The purpose was to assess the influence on air quality of four industrial facilities that burn hazardous waste located in the communities of Coffeyville, Chanute, Independence and Fredonia. Fifteen of the VOC analytes were found at concentrations above the detection limit and above levels observed in the blanks. Data were analyzed to investigate whether sampling site and date had a significant effect on VOC concentration. Results indicate that site and/or date were significant factors for many of the VOCs. To further investigate the temporal factor, sampling days were divided into four classifications based on wind direction: predominantly north winds, predominantly south winds, calm/variable winds and
other winds. Results from statistical analyses show that wind direction was a significant factor for benzene, toluene, o-xylene, naphthalene, and carbon tetrachloride. Data from upwind and downwind samples were analyzed for the four cities of interest in the study area, to investigate the effect of the four targeted sources on VOC concentrations. Results from Fredonia showed higher concentrations of toluene, ethyl benzene, styrene, methyl chloride, and trichloroethylene in the upwind samples, although none of the results were statistically significant. Chanute also showed higher concentrations of the same compounds and m,p-xylene in the upwind samples; results were significant at the 0.05 level for toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene. These results indicate that sources other than those targeted in the sampling network may be contributing to
the VOC levels. Results from Independence showed higher concentrations of ethylebenzene and styrene in the downwind samples; results were statistically significant. These results indicate that the source targeted in the sampling network may be contributing to the VOC levels at those sampling sites.
Advanced Modeling Techniques for Permit Modeling - Turning challenges into o...Sergio A. Guerra
Advance modeling techniques can be used in AERMOD to refine the inputs that are entered in the model to get more accurate results. This presentation covers:
-AERMOD’s Temporal Mismatch Limitation
-Building Downwash Limitations in BPIP/PRIME
-Advanced Modeling Techniques to Overcome these Limitations
Solutions include:
Equivalent Building Dimensions (EBD)
Emission Variability Processor (EMVAP)
Updated ambient ratio method (ARM2)
Pairing AERMOD values with the 50th % background concentrations in cumulative analyses.
Use of Probabilistic Statistical Techniques in AERMOD Modeling EvaluationsSergio A. Guerra
The advent of the short term National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) prompted modelers to reassess the common practices in dispersion modeling analyses. The probabilistic nature of the new short term standards also opens the door to alternative modeling techniques that are based on probability. One of these is the Monte Carlo technique that can be used to account for emission variability in permit modeling.
Currently, it is assumed that a given emission unit is in operation at its maximum capacity every hour of the year. This assumption may be appropriate for facilities that operate at full capacity most of the time. However, in most cases, emission units operate at variable loads that produce variable emissions. Thus, assuming constant maximum emissions is overly conservative for facilities such as power plants that are not in operation all the time and which exhibit high concentrations during very short periods of time.
Another element of conservatism in NAAQS demonstrations relates to combining predicted concentrations from the AMS/EPA Regulatory Model (AERMOD) with observed (monitored) background concentrations. Normally, some of the highest monitored observations are added to the AERMOD results yielding a very conservative combined concentration.
A case study is presented to evaluate the use of alternative probabilistic methods to complement the shortcomings of current dispersion modeling practices. This case study includes the use of the Monte Carlo technique and the use of a reasonable background concentration to combine with the AERMOD predicted concentrations. The use of these methods is in harmony with the probabilistic nature of the NAAQS and can help demonstrate compliance through dispersion modeling analyses, while still being protective of the NAAQS.
Pairing aermod concentrations with the 50th percentile monitored valueSergio A. Guerra
Presentation delivered to the Background Concentrations Workgroup for Air Dispersion Modeling organized by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. delivered on March 25, 2014. Three topics covered include 1) Screening monitoring data, 2) AERMOD’s time-space mismatch, and
3) Proposed 50th % Bkg Method
ALTERNATE METHOD TO COMBINE MONITORED AND PREDICTED CONCENTRATIONS IN DISPERS...Sergio A. Guerra
The advent of the short term NAAQS has prompted us to reassess the level of conservatism commonly used in dispersion modeling analyses. An area of conservatism in NAAQS demonstrations relates to the combining of predicted (modeled) concentrations from AERMOD with observed (monitored) concentrations. Normally, some of the highest monitored observations are combined with AERMOD results yielding a very conservative total concentration. For example, in the case of the 1-hour NO2 NAAQS, the chances of the 98th percentile monitored concentration occurring at the same time as the meteorology to generate the 98th percentile ambient concentration is extremely low. Therefore, assuming that both of these happen at the same time is overly conservative.
This presentation includes justification for the use of a reasonable background concentration to combine with the AERMOD predicted concentration. The use of this method, if accepted by regulatory agencies, can help facilities demonstrate compliance in dispersion modeling analyses by assuming a more reasonable background concentration while, at the same time being protective of the NAAQS.
dispersion modeling requirements are more common in air permitting projects and in many cases become the bottleneck in permitting. Unlike any other consulting firm, CPP promotes cutting edge techniques which can alleviate excessive conservatism in permit modeling to a reasonable level that still protects public health. At CPP we start with the standard modeling techniques and apply the following advanced analysis tools, as needed, to optimize your permitting strategy:
• Analysis of BPIP output to verify if AERMOD is overpredicting,
• Screening tool to assess the benefit of refining the BPIP building dimensions inputs,
• Use of Equivalent Building Dimension (EBD) studies to correct building wake effects in AERMOD,
• Evaluation of background concentrations to determine a reasonable value to combine with predicted concentrations,
• Use of the Monte Carlo approach (i.e., EMVAP) to address sources with variable emissions,
• Use of the adjusted friction velocity (u-star) option in AERMET to address AERMOD’s overestimation during low wind stable hours,
• Site analysis to determine whether stacks taller than formula GEP stack heights are justified,
• Site specific wind tunnel modeling to determine GEP stack heights and Equivalent Building Dimensions,
• Site-specific wind erosion inputs, and
• Area and volume source enhancements.
Effects of Wind Direction on VOC Concentrations in Southeast KansasSergio A. Guerra
Twenty-four-hour whole-air samples were collected in evacuated stainless steel canisters and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOC) at selected sites in southeast Kansas from March 1999 to October 2000. The purpose was to assess the influence on air quality of four industrial facilities that burn hazardous waste located in the communities of Coffeyville, Chanute, Independence and Fredonia. Fifteen of the VOC analytes were found at concentrations above the detection limit and above levels observed in the blanks. Data were analyzed to investigate whether sampling site and date had a significant effect on VOC concentration. Results indicate that site and/or date were significant factors for many of the VOCs. To further investigate the temporal factor, sampling days were divided into four classifications based on wind direction: predominantly north winds, predominantly south winds, calm/variable winds and
other winds. Results from statistical analyses show that wind direction was a significant factor for benzene, toluene, o-xylene, naphthalene, and carbon tetrachloride. Data from upwind and downwind samples were analyzed for the four cities of interest in the study area, to investigate the effect of the four targeted sources on VOC concentrations. Results from Fredonia showed higher concentrations of toluene, ethyl benzene, styrene, methyl chloride, and trichloroethylene in the upwind samples, although none of the results were statistically significant. Chanute also showed higher concentrations of the same compounds and m,p-xylene in the upwind samples; results were significant at the 0.05 level for toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene. These results indicate that sources other than those targeted in the sampling network may be contributing to
the VOC levels. Results from Independence showed higher concentrations of ethylebenzene and styrene in the downwind samples; results were statistically significant. These results indicate that the source targeted in the sampling network may be contributing to the VOC levels at those sampling sites.
Abstract: The development of spherical multi nozzle fire extinguisher technology has made substantial progress over the last decade. Water mist based techniques are becoming popular but the fire extinguishment products call for high initial investment. There exists a need to develop cost effective water mist generation techniques appropriate for fire suppression. A standard portable water-CO2 _re extinguisher nozzle is selected for study with an application density of 1.0 l/min/m2.A multi-jet nozzle with opposed jet configuration is developed to get improved spray characteristics. Droplet Stouter Mean Diameters (SMD) were empirically calculated using correlations available in the literature. The spray developed has resulted in droplets with SMD in the range of Water is the most cost effective reagent for fire extinguishment. Water in the form of jets/sprays is used for _re suppression. Water dispensation at an optimal rate is essential to improve effectiveness of utilization and also protect the fire affected regions from the ill effects of water inundation in the post _re scenario. Several studies exist in the literature aimed at improving the utilization efficiency of water during _re suppression. Breaking up water jets into particles improves surface area available for heat absorption but smaller particle mass reduces penetration of water into fire. Mist based extinguishers are available in the market which claim lower water consumption but they are prohibitively expensive and therefore their availability for use is restricted. Even to this day, the own rates employed in Class-A _re extinguishers available in the market utilize large application densities to ensure effectiveness in extinguishment.
Dr Callum Rae - A New Approach to Energy Centre Design
http://www.ktpscotland.org.uk/ViewArticle/tabid/4421/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/10338/Callum-Rae--Hurley-Palmer-Flatt.aspx
Building Simulation, Its Role, Softwares & Their LimitationsPrasad Thanthratey
A presentation on Building Simulation, Its Role, Softwares & Their Limitations for the course of Energy Efficient Architecture from students of 5th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (Aug-December 2015)
The increasing demands on the usage of data centers especially in provisioning cloud
applications (i.e. data-intensive applications) have drastically increased the energy consumption and
becoming a critical issue. Failing to handle the increasing in energy consumption leads to the negative
impact on the environment, and also negatively affecting the cloud providers' profits due to increasing
costs. Various surveys have been carried out to address and classify energy-aware approaches and
solutions. As an active research area with increasing number of proposals, more surveys are needed to
support researchers in the research area. Thus, in this paper, we intend to provide the current state of
existing related surveys that serve as a guideline for the researchers as well as the potential reviewers to
embark into a new concern and dimension to compliment existing related surveys. Our review highlights
four main topics and concludes to some recommendations for the future survey.
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way.
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way
Research Associate Dr Callum Rae discusses
the challenges presented by the growth in the
Energy Centre market, and outlines our alternative
approach to Energy Centre design, which has
successfully been applied to the AECC Energy
Centre project.
As the highly prestigious London Wall Place
project approaches completion of the shell
and core, Director, James O’Byrne reviews the
project and the application of BIM, and discusses
the various benefits on the overall design and
coordination process.
Diesel fuel is now a Category 3 flammable liquid.
Technical Board Director Wyn Turnbull reports
on the impact to diesel storage and use, as the
result of the recent Classification, Labelling and
Packaging of Chemical (CLP) Regulations 2015
which have replaced the now revoked CHIP
Regulations.
Associate Director Paul Scriven provides a brief
overview of the WELL Building Standard and
discusses why and how its popularity is growing.
Finally, Group Director Robert Thorogood discusses
how far standardisation of controls and automation
have developed using the IEC 61850 integration
standard, and what the benefits may bring to the
control of power distribution.
Paul Flatt, Group Chairman and CEO,
Hurley Palmer Flatt.
Abstract: The development of spherical multi nozzle fire extinguisher technology has made substantial progress over the last decade. Water mist based techniques are becoming popular but the fire extinguishment products call for high initial investment. There exists a need to develop cost effective water mist generation techniques appropriate for fire suppression. A standard portable water-CO2 _re extinguisher nozzle is selected for study with an application density of 1.0 l/min/m2.A multi-jet nozzle with opposed jet configuration is developed to get improved spray characteristics. Droplet Stouter Mean Diameters (SMD) were empirically calculated using correlations available in the literature. The spray developed has resulted in droplets with SMD in the range of Water is the most cost effective reagent for fire extinguishment. Water in the form of jets/sprays is used for _re suppression. Water dispensation at an optimal rate is essential to improve effectiveness of utilization and also protect the fire affected regions from the ill effects of water inundation in the post _re scenario. Several studies exist in the literature aimed at improving the utilization efficiency of water during _re suppression. Breaking up water jets into particles improves surface area available for heat absorption but smaller particle mass reduces penetration of water into fire. Mist based extinguishers are available in the market which claim lower water consumption but they are prohibitively expensive and therefore their availability for use is restricted. Even to this day, the own rates employed in Class-A _re extinguishers available in the market utilize large application densities to ensure effectiveness in extinguishment.
Dr Callum Rae - A New Approach to Energy Centre Design
http://www.ktpscotland.org.uk/ViewArticle/tabid/4421/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/10338/Callum-Rae--Hurley-Palmer-Flatt.aspx
Building Simulation, Its Role, Softwares & Their LimitationsPrasad Thanthratey
A presentation on Building Simulation, Its Role, Softwares & Their Limitations for the course of Energy Efficient Architecture from students of 5th Semester Architecture at VNIT, Nagpur (Aug-December 2015)
The increasing demands on the usage of data centers especially in provisioning cloud
applications (i.e. data-intensive applications) have drastically increased the energy consumption and
becoming a critical issue. Failing to handle the increasing in energy consumption leads to the negative
impact on the environment, and also negatively affecting the cloud providers' profits due to increasing
costs. Various surveys have been carried out to address and classify energy-aware approaches and
solutions. As an active research area with increasing number of proposals, more surveys are needed to
support researchers in the research area. Thus, in this paper, we intend to provide the current state of
existing related surveys that serve as a guideline for the researchers as well as the potential reviewers to
embark into a new concern and dimension to compliment existing related surveys. Our review highlights
four main topics and concludes to some recommendations for the future survey.
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way.
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
Many heat transfer applications such as steam generators in a boiler or air cooling coil of an air conditioner, can
be modelled in a bank of tubes containing a fluid flowing at one temperature that is immersed in a second fluid
in a cross flow at different temperature. CFD simulations are a useful tool for understanding flow and heat
transfer principles as well as for modelling these types of geometries. Both the fluids considered in the present
study are CUO Nano fluids, and flow is classified as laminar and steady with Reynolds number between 100-
600.The mass flow rate of the cross flow and diameter has been varied (such as 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30
kg/sec and 0.8, 1.0.1.2 &1.4cm) and the models are used to predict the flow and temperature fields that result
from convective heat transfer. Due to symmetry of the tube bank and the periodicity of the flow inherent in the
tube bank geometry, only a portion of the geometry will be modelled and with symmetry applied to the outer
boundaries. The inflow boundary will be redefined as a periodic zone and the outflow boundary is defined as the
shadow. The various static pressures, velocities, and temperatures obtained are reported.
In this present project tubes of different diameters and different mass flow rates are considered to examine the
optimal flow distribution. Further the problem has been subjected to effect of materials used for tubes
manufacturing on heat transfer rate. Materials considered are copper and Nickle Chromium alloys. Results
emphasize the utilization of alloys in place of copper as tube material serves better heat transfer with most
economical way
Research Associate Dr Callum Rae discusses
the challenges presented by the growth in the
Energy Centre market, and outlines our alternative
approach to Energy Centre design, which has
successfully been applied to the AECC Energy
Centre project.
As the highly prestigious London Wall Place
project approaches completion of the shell
and core, Director, James O’Byrne reviews the
project and the application of BIM, and discusses
the various benefits on the overall design and
coordination process.
Diesel fuel is now a Category 3 flammable liquid.
Technical Board Director Wyn Turnbull reports
on the impact to diesel storage and use, as the
result of the recent Classification, Labelling and
Packaging of Chemical (CLP) Regulations 2015
which have replaced the now revoked CHIP
Regulations.
Associate Director Paul Scriven provides a brief
overview of the WELL Building Standard and
discusses why and how its popularity is growing.
Finally, Group Director Robert Thorogood discusses
how far standardisation of controls and automation
have developed using the IEC 61850 integration
standard, and what the benefits may bring to the
control of power distribution.
Paul Flatt, Group Chairman and CEO,
Hurley Palmer Flatt.
Similar to Optimization of Fire Suppression using Fire Dynamics Simulator (20)
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.