This document describes the optimization of the Cost 231 model for 3G wireless communication signals in a suburban area of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Field measurements were taken using drive testing equipment. The least squares algorithm was used to optimize parameters in the Cost 231 model based on the measured data. This reduced the mean absolute deviation from 1.196 to 1.179 and the mean squared deviation from 2.01 to 1.94, showing better prediction accuracy of the optimized model compared to the original Cost 231 model for the environment.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Comparitive analysis of doa and beamforming algorithms for smart antenna systemseSAT Journals
Abstract This paper revolves around the implementation of Direction of arrival and Adaptive beam-forming algorithms for Smart Antenna Systems. This paper also investigates the implementation of algorithms on various planner array geometries viz. circular and rectangular. Music algorithm is primarily finds the possible location of desired user and adaptive beam-forming algorithms such as LMS, RLS and CMA algorithms adapts the weights of the array. DOA estimation gives the maximum peak of spectrum with respect to angle of arrival where the desired user is supposed to exist. After DOA estimation weights of array antenna are changed with the changing received signal. This methodology is called as Spectral estimation, which allows the antenna pattern to steer in desired direction estimated by DOA and simultaneously null out the interfering signals. Rate of convergence is the major criterion for comparison for adaptive beam-forming algorithms. Keywords: DOA, MUSIC, LMS, RLS, CMA, SAS.
A Comparison Between Hybrid Method Technique and Transfer Matrix Method for D...Barhm Mohamad
Hybrid mufflers are now commonly equipped to decrease vehicle noise and are a crucial tool for regulation of the acoustic system. In order to ensure optimum engine efficiency, the system is intended to dump the strength of the acoustic pulses generated from the engine, and the back pressure created by these systems must be held to a minimum. Typically, modern mufflers have a complex structure of chambers and flow paths. There are a number of mechanisms for sound dampening that operate to silence the sound flowing through a muffler and piping device. This research introduces an important approach to optimize the transmission loss of hybrid muffler Formula student race car (FS) by using both experimental and analytical methods. For this analysis, two methods of calculation were chosen. The muffler has a complex partition located within the muffler chamber, which is a perforated pipe. For the creation of the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model in AVL BOOST solver and another commercial advanced design software, the muffler CAD file was developed. Experi-mental measurements using a two-load method validated the FEA model. Reliable tests were conducted to verify the design parameters and optimize the muffler's transmission loss (TL) after the model was checked. The findings of experimental and machine analysis are included in the paper. For different measurement methods, recommendations are made for achieving optimum transmission loss curves.
Design and Optimization of a High Gain Multiband Patch Antenna for Millimeter...IJECEIAES
This paper presents an enhanced Quadri-band microstrip patch antenna, using defective slots in the ground plane, designed to operate in the millimeter wave band, formulated using cavity model and simulated by an EM-simulator, based on finite element method: HFSSv15 (High Frequency Structure Simulator). The proposed antenna incorporates two symmetric patterns of “U” shaped slots with an “I” shaped slot engraved in the middle of the ground plane. The resulting antenna has four frequency bands; the first resonant frequency is located in the Ka band, at about 27Ghz, the second at nearly 35Ghz, the third at 41Ghz and the last one at 51GHz. Those resonant frequencies could be shifted by tuning the slots dimensions introduced if the ground plane of the proposed antenna
Investigation of Perforated Tube Configuration Effect on the Performance of E...Barhm Mohamad
Using perforated tube in exhaust mufflers is known to improve transmission loss (TL) by improving their sound pressure level (SPL) at the orifice. The perforated tube should affect the muffler performance analogous to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. To the authors’ knowledge, there are few previous assessments reported in literature of the effects that the perforated tube configuration has on acoustic response and pressure drop predicted. The effects of (i) the perforated tube length, (ii) the diameter of tube holes, and (iii) flow through perforated tube were investigated. To assess the perforated tube effect on flow, the SOLIDWORKS 2017 based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool was utilized using real walls approach model with a surface roughness of 0.5 micrometres (AISI 316 cold rolled stainless steel sheet (ss) Ra = 0:5 μm). Perforated tube was found to cause back pressure which may increase SPL about 10%.
An efficient hardware logarithm generator with modified quasi-symmetrical app...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a low-error, low-area FPGA-based hardware logarithm generator for digital signal processing systems which require high-speed, real time logarithm operations. The proposed logarithm generator employs the modified quasi-symmetrical approach for an efficient hardware implementation. The error analysis and implementation results are also presented and discussed. The achieved results show that the proposed approach can reduce the approximation error and hardware area compared with traditional methods.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Comparitive analysis of doa and beamforming algorithms for smart antenna systemseSAT Journals
Abstract This paper revolves around the implementation of Direction of arrival and Adaptive beam-forming algorithms for Smart Antenna Systems. This paper also investigates the implementation of algorithms on various planner array geometries viz. circular and rectangular. Music algorithm is primarily finds the possible location of desired user and adaptive beam-forming algorithms such as LMS, RLS and CMA algorithms adapts the weights of the array. DOA estimation gives the maximum peak of spectrum with respect to angle of arrival where the desired user is supposed to exist. After DOA estimation weights of array antenna are changed with the changing received signal. This methodology is called as Spectral estimation, which allows the antenna pattern to steer in desired direction estimated by DOA and simultaneously null out the interfering signals. Rate of convergence is the major criterion for comparison for adaptive beam-forming algorithms. Keywords: DOA, MUSIC, LMS, RLS, CMA, SAS.
A Comparison Between Hybrid Method Technique and Transfer Matrix Method for D...Barhm Mohamad
Hybrid mufflers are now commonly equipped to decrease vehicle noise and are a crucial tool for regulation of the acoustic system. In order to ensure optimum engine efficiency, the system is intended to dump the strength of the acoustic pulses generated from the engine, and the back pressure created by these systems must be held to a minimum. Typically, modern mufflers have a complex structure of chambers and flow paths. There are a number of mechanisms for sound dampening that operate to silence the sound flowing through a muffler and piping device. This research introduces an important approach to optimize the transmission loss of hybrid muffler Formula student race car (FS) by using both experimental and analytical methods. For this analysis, two methods of calculation were chosen. The muffler has a complex partition located within the muffler chamber, which is a perforated pipe. For the creation of the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model in AVL BOOST solver and another commercial advanced design software, the muffler CAD file was developed. Experi-mental measurements using a two-load method validated the FEA model. Reliable tests were conducted to verify the design parameters and optimize the muffler's transmission loss (TL) after the model was checked. The findings of experimental and machine analysis are included in the paper. For different measurement methods, recommendations are made for achieving optimum transmission loss curves.
Design and Optimization of a High Gain Multiband Patch Antenna for Millimeter...IJECEIAES
This paper presents an enhanced Quadri-band microstrip patch antenna, using defective slots in the ground plane, designed to operate in the millimeter wave band, formulated using cavity model and simulated by an EM-simulator, based on finite element method: HFSSv15 (High Frequency Structure Simulator). The proposed antenna incorporates two symmetric patterns of “U” shaped slots with an “I” shaped slot engraved in the middle of the ground plane. The resulting antenna has four frequency bands; the first resonant frequency is located in the Ka band, at about 27Ghz, the second at nearly 35Ghz, the third at 41Ghz and the last one at 51GHz. Those resonant frequencies could be shifted by tuning the slots dimensions introduced if the ground plane of the proposed antenna
Investigation of Perforated Tube Configuration Effect on the Performance of E...Barhm Mohamad
Using perforated tube in exhaust mufflers is known to improve transmission loss (TL) by improving their sound pressure level (SPL) at the orifice. The perforated tube should affect the muffler performance analogous to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. To the authors’ knowledge, there are few previous assessments reported in literature of the effects that the perforated tube configuration has on acoustic response and pressure drop predicted. The effects of (i) the perforated tube length, (ii) the diameter of tube holes, and (iii) flow through perforated tube were investigated. To assess the perforated tube effect on flow, the SOLIDWORKS 2017 based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool was utilized using real walls approach model with a surface roughness of 0.5 micrometres (AISI 316 cold rolled stainless steel sheet (ss) Ra = 0:5 μm). Perforated tube was found to cause back pressure which may increase SPL about 10%.
An efficient hardware logarithm generator with modified quasi-symmetrical app...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a low-error, low-area FPGA-based hardware logarithm generator for digital signal processing systems which require high-speed, real time logarithm operations. The proposed logarithm generator employs the modified quasi-symmetrical approach for an efficient hardware implementation. The error analysis and implementation results are also presented and discussed. The achieved results show that the proposed approach can reduce the approximation error and hardware area compared with traditional methods.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance enhanced beamforming algorithms for mimo systemsIAEME Publication
The increasing capacity and quality demands for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO)
services without a corresponding increase in RF spectrum allocation motivate the need for new
techniques to improve spectrum utilization. Smart Antenna comprises of two functions viz. Angle Of
Arrival (AOA) and Adaptive Beamforming (ABF). In this paper Beamforming algorithms namely
Least Mean Square (LMS), Sign Error LMS (SE-LMS), Sign Data LMS (SD-LMS), Sign Sign LMS
(SS-LMS) algorithm’s were simulated for various look directions and jammer configurations and
their MSE characteristics and phase transients are compared. Performance of SD-LMS algorithm is
studied by varying the step size. SS-Beamforming algorithm is also implemented on DSP kit
TMS320C6713 and compared with simulation result.
Multi-objective Optimization Scheme for PID-Controlled DC MotorIAES-IJPEDS
DC Motor is the most basic electro-mechanical equipment and well-known for its merit and simplicity. The performance of DC motor is assessed based on several qualities that are most-likely contradictory each other, i.e. settling time and overshoot percentage. Most of controller’s optimization problems are multi-objective in nature since they normally have several conflicting objectives that must be met simultaneously. In this study, the grey relational analysis (GRA) was combined with Taguchi method to search the optimum PID parameter for multi-objective problem. First, a L9 (33) orthogonal array was used to plan out the processing parameters that would affect the DC motor’s speed. Then GRA was applied to overcome the drawback of single quality characteristics in the Taguchi method, and then the optimized PID parameter combination was obtained for multiple quality characteristics from the response table and the response graph from GRA. Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) calculation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) would be performed to find out the significant factors. Lastly, the reliability and reproducibility of the experiment was verified by confirming a confidence interval (CI) of 95%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A digital image forensic approach to detect whether
an image has been seam carved or not is investigated herein.
Seam carving is a content-aware image retargeting technique
which preserves the semantically important content of an image
while resizing it. The same technique, however, can be used
for malicious tampering of an image. 18 energy, seam, and
noise related features defined by Ryu [1] are produced using
Sobel’s [2] gradient filter and Rubinstein’s [3] forward energy
criterion enhanced with image gradients. An extreme gradient
boosting classifier [4] is trained to make the final decision.
Experimental results show that the proposed approach improves
the detection accuracy from 5 to 10% for seam carved images
with different scaling ratios when compared with other state-ofthe-
art methods.
Dynamic texture based traffic vehicle monitoring systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Dynamic Textures are function of both space and time which exhibit spatio-temporal stationary property. They have spatially repetitive patterns which vary with time. In this paper, importance of phase spectrum in the signals is utilized and a novel method for vehicle monitoring is proposed with the help of Fourier analysis, synthesis and image processing. Methods like Doppler radar or GPS navigation are used commonly for tracking. The proposed image based approach has an added advantage that the clear image of the object (vehicle) can be used for future reference like proof of incidence, identification of owner and registration number. Keywords-Fourier Transform, dynamic texture, phase spectrum
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The optimal synthesis of scanned linear antenna arrays IJECEIAES
In this paper, symmetric scanned linear antenna arrays are synthesized, in order to minimize the side lobe level of the radiation pattern. The feeding current amplitudes are considered as the optimization parameters. Newly proposed optimization algorithms are presented to achieve our target; Antlion Optimization (ALO) and a new hybrid algorithm. Three different examples are illustrated in this paper; 20, 26 and 30 elements scanned linear antenna array. The obtained results prove the effectiveness and the ability of the proposed algorithms to outperform and compete other algorithms like Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) and Firefly Algorithm (FA).
An Optimized Device Sizing of Two-Stage CMOS OP-AMP Using Multi-Objective Gen...ijcisjournal
A novel approach for optimizing the transistor dimensions of two stage CMOS op-amp using MultiObjective
Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is presented. The proposed approach is used to find the optimal
dimensions of each transistor to improve op-amp performances for analog and mixed signal integrated
circuit design. The aim is to automatically determine the device sizes to meet the given performance
specifications while minimizing the cost function such as power dissipation and a weighted sum of the
active area. This strongly suggests that the approach is capable of determining the globally optimal
solutions to the problem. Exactness of performance prediction in the device sizing program (implemented
in MATLAB) maintained. Here Six parameters are considered i.e., open loop gain, Phase Margin (PM),
Area (A), Bandwidth of unity Gain (UGB), Power Consumption (P) and Slew Rate (SR). The circuit is
simulated in cadence(Virtuoso Spectre) 0.18um CMOS technology.
Performance evaluation of 2-port MIMO LTE-U terminal antenna with user’s hand...journalBEEI
This paper presents the performance evaluation of 2-port MIMO antenna for LTE-U sub 6 GHz band. The evaluation focuses on the effect of user’s hand in a uniform environment and the analysis were carried out on simulation and measurement data of antenna ports. Results show that the highest performance of the design is on the frequency range from 4.5 GHz to 5.5 GHz, and the ports have low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) less than 0.16 in both cases of without and with user’s hand. However, the presence of the user’s hand reduces mean effective gain (MEG) of ports and diversity combining gain by more than 1.6 dB compared with no-hand case. The multiplexing efficiency is around 81% and reduced by the presence of the user’s hand to 55%. Despite this reduction; the design shows high spatial multiplexing capability in both cases. The capacity carried by the second transmission eigenmode is about 39% from the total capacity under waterfilling algorithm transmit power allocation.
Particle Swarm Optimization for the Path Loss Reduction in Suburban and Rural...IJECEIAES
In the present work, a precise optimization method is proposed for tuning the parameters of the COST231 model to improve its accuracy in the path loss propagation prediction. The Particle Swarm Optimization is used to tune the model parameters. The predictions of the tuned model are compared with the most popular models. The performance criteria selected for the comparison of various empirical path loss models is the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The RMSE between the actual and predicted data are calculated for various path loss models. It turned out that the tuned COST 231 model outperforms the other studied models.
Model predictive-fuzzy-control-of-air-ratio-for-automotive-enginespace130557
Automotive engine air-ratio plays an important role of
emissions and fuel consumption reduction while maintains
satisfactory engine power among all of the engine control variables.
Design a mobile telephone system in a certain cityeSAT Journals
Abstract
A mobile telephone system is designed to facilitate better communication among 8000 users in the centre of Roma. The network
performance prediction tool was used to determine the best location for deployment of the base station. It was based on some
parameters or predictions which were obtained by calculating needed data to construct the base station.
Theoretically call planning, cell splitting, frequency re-use, offered traffic etc. techniques are used to obtain a good coverage for
a certain city. In order to find the best cell cluster, many calculations were also implemented.
The objective achieved was designing a network system in city centre of Roma. The 7 cell cluster and 12 cell cluster was selected
for its overall efficiency. In addition to this, co-channel interference, best server, maximum received power etc. were examined for
deployment of the base station with help of Winprop.
Key Words:Mobile telephone system, Cell cluster, Frequency re-use, Network performance, Power,Winprop.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Performance enhanced beamforming algorithms for mimo systemsIAEME Publication
The increasing capacity and quality demands for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO)
services without a corresponding increase in RF spectrum allocation motivate the need for new
techniques to improve spectrum utilization. Smart Antenna comprises of two functions viz. Angle Of
Arrival (AOA) and Adaptive Beamforming (ABF). In this paper Beamforming algorithms namely
Least Mean Square (LMS), Sign Error LMS (SE-LMS), Sign Data LMS (SD-LMS), Sign Sign LMS
(SS-LMS) algorithm’s were simulated for various look directions and jammer configurations and
their MSE characteristics and phase transients are compared. Performance of SD-LMS algorithm is
studied by varying the step size. SS-Beamforming algorithm is also implemented on DSP kit
TMS320C6713 and compared with simulation result.
Multi-objective Optimization Scheme for PID-Controlled DC MotorIAES-IJPEDS
DC Motor is the most basic electro-mechanical equipment and well-known for its merit and simplicity. The performance of DC motor is assessed based on several qualities that are most-likely contradictory each other, i.e. settling time and overshoot percentage. Most of controller’s optimization problems are multi-objective in nature since they normally have several conflicting objectives that must be met simultaneously. In this study, the grey relational analysis (GRA) was combined with Taguchi method to search the optimum PID parameter for multi-objective problem. First, a L9 (33) orthogonal array was used to plan out the processing parameters that would affect the DC motor’s speed. Then GRA was applied to overcome the drawback of single quality characteristics in the Taguchi method, and then the optimized PID parameter combination was obtained for multiple quality characteristics from the response table and the response graph from GRA. Signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) calculation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) would be performed to find out the significant factors. Lastly, the reliability and reproducibility of the experiment was verified by confirming a confidence interval (CI) of 95%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A digital image forensic approach to detect whether
an image has been seam carved or not is investigated herein.
Seam carving is a content-aware image retargeting technique
which preserves the semantically important content of an image
while resizing it. The same technique, however, can be used
for malicious tampering of an image. 18 energy, seam, and
noise related features defined by Ryu [1] are produced using
Sobel’s [2] gradient filter and Rubinstein’s [3] forward energy
criterion enhanced with image gradients. An extreme gradient
boosting classifier [4] is trained to make the final decision.
Experimental results show that the proposed approach improves
the detection accuracy from 5 to 10% for seam carved images
with different scaling ratios when compared with other state-ofthe-
art methods.
Dynamic texture based traffic vehicle monitoring systemeSAT Journals
Abstract Dynamic Textures are function of both space and time which exhibit spatio-temporal stationary property. They have spatially repetitive patterns which vary with time. In this paper, importance of phase spectrum in the signals is utilized and a novel method for vehicle monitoring is proposed with the help of Fourier analysis, synthesis and image processing. Methods like Doppler radar or GPS navigation are used commonly for tracking. The proposed image based approach has an added advantage that the clear image of the object (vehicle) can be used for future reference like proof of incidence, identification of owner and registration number. Keywords-Fourier Transform, dynamic texture, phase spectrum
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The optimal synthesis of scanned linear antenna arrays IJECEIAES
In this paper, symmetric scanned linear antenna arrays are synthesized, in order to minimize the side lobe level of the radiation pattern. The feeding current amplitudes are considered as the optimization parameters. Newly proposed optimization algorithms are presented to achieve our target; Antlion Optimization (ALO) and a new hybrid algorithm. Three different examples are illustrated in this paper; 20, 26 and 30 elements scanned linear antenna array. The obtained results prove the effectiveness and the ability of the proposed algorithms to outperform and compete other algorithms like Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) and Firefly Algorithm (FA).
An Optimized Device Sizing of Two-Stage CMOS OP-AMP Using Multi-Objective Gen...ijcisjournal
A novel approach for optimizing the transistor dimensions of two stage CMOS op-amp using MultiObjective
Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) is presented. The proposed approach is used to find the optimal
dimensions of each transistor to improve op-amp performances for analog and mixed signal integrated
circuit design. The aim is to automatically determine the device sizes to meet the given performance
specifications while minimizing the cost function such as power dissipation and a weighted sum of the
active area. This strongly suggests that the approach is capable of determining the globally optimal
solutions to the problem. Exactness of performance prediction in the device sizing program (implemented
in MATLAB) maintained. Here Six parameters are considered i.e., open loop gain, Phase Margin (PM),
Area (A), Bandwidth of unity Gain (UGB), Power Consumption (P) and Slew Rate (SR). The circuit is
simulated in cadence(Virtuoso Spectre) 0.18um CMOS technology.
Performance evaluation of 2-port MIMO LTE-U terminal antenna with user’s hand...journalBEEI
This paper presents the performance evaluation of 2-port MIMO antenna for LTE-U sub 6 GHz band. The evaluation focuses on the effect of user’s hand in a uniform environment and the analysis were carried out on simulation and measurement data of antenna ports. Results show that the highest performance of the design is on the frequency range from 4.5 GHz to 5.5 GHz, and the ports have low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) less than 0.16 in both cases of without and with user’s hand. However, the presence of the user’s hand reduces mean effective gain (MEG) of ports and diversity combining gain by more than 1.6 dB compared with no-hand case. The multiplexing efficiency is around 81% and reduced by the presence of the user’s hand to 55%. Despite this reduction; the design shows high spatial multiplexing capability in both cases. The capacity carried by the second transmission eigenmode is about 39% from the total capacity under waterfilling algorithm transmit power allocation.
Particle Swarm Optimization for the Path Loss Reduction in Suburban and Rural...IJECEIAES
In the present work, a precise optimization method is proposed for tuning the parameters of the COST231 model to improve its accuracy in the path loss propagation prediction. The Particle Swarm Optimization is used to tune the model parameters. The predictions of the tuned model are compared with the most popular models. The performance criteria selected for the comparison of various empirical path loss models is the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The RMSE between the actual and predicted data are calculated for various path loss models. It turned out that the tuned COST 231 model outperforms the other studied models.
Model predictive-fuzzy-control-of-air-ratio-for-automotive-enginespace130557
Automotive engine air-ratio plays an important role of
emissions and fuel consumption reduction while maintains
satisfactory engine power among all of the engine control variables.
Design a mobile telephone system in a certain cityeSAT Journals
Abstract
A mobile telephone system is designed to facilitate better communication among 8000 users in the centre of Roma. The network
performance prediction tool was used to determine the best location for deployment of the base station. It was based on some
parameters or predictions which were obtained by calculating needed data to construct the base station.
Theoretically call planning, cell splitting, frequency re-use, offered traffic etc. techniques are used to obtain a good coverage for
a certain city. In order to find the best cell cluster, many calculations were also implemented.
The objective achieved was designing a network system in city centre of Roma. The 7 cell cluster and 12 cell cluster was selected
for its overall efficiency. In addition to this, co-channel interference, best server, maximum received power etc. were examined for
deployment of the base station with help of Winprop.
Key Words:Mobile telephone system, Cell cluster, Frequency re-use, Network performance, Power,Winprop.
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of physics and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in applied physics. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Bio-inspired algorithm for decisioning wireless access point installation IJECEIAES
This paper presents the bio-inspired algorithms for decisioning wireless access point (AP) installation. In order to achieve the desired coverage capability of APs, the bio-inspired algorithms are applied for robust competition and optimization. The main objective is to determine the optimal number of APs with the high coverage capability in the concerning area using the genetic and ant colony optimization algorithms. Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and line-of-sight (LoS) gradient approach are the most important parameters for AP installation depending on the AP signal strength. Practical experiments are tested on the embedded system using Xilinx Kria KR260 and Raspberry Pi Zero 2W boards at the tested room size about 16 m wide and 40 m long inside the building. Xilinx Kria KR260 board is used to calculate the number of AP installation and localization compared to Xcode. Then, Raspberry Pi Zero 2W board is the representation of wireless AP for measuring the signal in the testing area. Experiment results show that maximum received signals strength is equal to -35 dBm at 6 m and there are six APs installation with high coverage area and maximum received signal strength at the area of 16×40 m 2 .
An enhanced fletcher-reeves-like conjugate gradient methods for image restora...IJECEIAES
Noise is an unavoidable aspect of modern camera technology, causing a decline in the overall visual quality of the images. Efforts are underway to diminish noise without compromising essential image features like edges, corners, and other intricate structures. Numerous techniques have already been suggested by many researchers for noise reduction, each with its unique set of benefits and drawbacks. Denoising images is a basic challenge in image processing. We describe a two-phase approach for removing impulse noise in this study. The adaptive median filter (AMF) for salt-and-pepper noise identifies noise candidates in the first phase. The second step minimizes an edge-preserving regularization function using a novel hybrid conjugate gradient approach. To generate the new improved search direction, the new algorithm takes advantage of two well-known successful conjugate gradient techniques. The descent property and global convergence are proven for the new methods. The obtained numerical results reveal that, when applied to image restoration, the new algorithms are superior to the classical fletcher reeves (FR) method in the same domain in terms of maintaining image quality and efficiency.
Synthesis of new antenna arrays with arbitrary geometries based on the super...IJECEIAES
The synthesis of antenna arrays with low sidelobe levels is needed to enhance the communication systems’ efficiency. In this paper, new arbitrary geometries that improve the ability of the antenna arrays to minimize the sidelobe level, are proposed. We employ the well-known superformula equation in the antenna arrays field by implementing the equation in the general array factor equation. Three metaheuristic optimization algorithms are used to synthesize the antenna arrays and their geometries; antlion optimization (ALO) algorithm, grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA), and a new hybrid algorithm based on ALO and GOA. All the proposed algorithms are high-performance computational methods, which proved their efficiency for solving different real-world optimization problems. 15 design examples are presented and compared to prove validity with the most general standard geometry: elliptical antenna array (EAA). It is observed that the proposed geometries outperform EAA geometries by 4.5 dB and 10.9 dB in the worst and best scenarios, respectively, which proves the advantage and superiority of our approach.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Similar to OPTIMIZATION OF COST 231 MODEL FOR 3G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SIGNAL IN SUBURBAN AREA OF PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA (20)
Comparative power flow analysis of 28 and 52 buses for 330 kv power grid netw...Onyebuchi nosiri
Newton-Raphson technique was formulated and used to evaluate the electrical performances of the existing 28-bus and improved 52-bus Nigerian 330kV power networks. The Jacobian matrix for both the existing 28-bus and the improved 52-bus Nigerian power system was derived using Newton-Raphson power flow solution method. The steady-state critical bus voltages, voltage and angle profiles at each bus, active and reactive power flows, transformer tap settings, component or circuit loading, generator exciter regulator voltage set points and system losses of these networks were determined to ascertain their effectiveness and proper network reconfiguration. The results obtained showed a better performance of the 52-Bus system in power quality, voltage and angle profiles over the conventional 28-bus system
Comparative power flow analysis of 28 and 52 buses for 330 kv power grid netw...Onyebuchi nosiri
Newton-Raphson technique was formulated and used to evaluate the electrical performances of the existing 28-bus and improved 52-bus Nigerian 330kV power networks. The Jacobian matrix for both the existing 28-bus and the improved 52-bus Nigerian power system was derived using Newton-Raphson power flow solution method. The steady-state critical bus voltages, voltage and angle profiles at each bus, active and reactive power flows, transformer tap settings, component or circuit loading, generator exciter regulator voltage set points and system losses of these networks were determined to ascertain their effectiveness and proper network reconfiguration. The results obtained showed a better performance of the 52-Bus system in power quality, voltage and angle profiles over the conventional 28-bus system
Implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization Technique for Enhanced Outdoor ...Onyebuchi nosiri
This paper describes the development of optimized model for urban outdoor coverage in Long Term Evolution (LTE) network at 2300 MHz frequency band in Port Harcourt urban region, Nigeria. Signal attenuation and fluctuation remain amongst the major channel impairments for mobile radio communication systems. This arises as a result of model incompatibility with terrain and Line of Sight (LOS) obstruction of the channel signals. Some path loss models such as OkumuraHata, COST 231, Ericsson 999, Egli and ECC-33 models were evaluated for suitability and compared with the modified model for the environments. The models were based on data collected from LTE base stations at three geographical locations in Port Harcourt namely- Rumuokoro, Eneka and Ikwerre roads respectively. The simulation was implemented using MATLAB R2014a software. The modified model was further optimized with some selected parameters such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. The results obtained gave rise to 3.030dB for RMSE and 0.00162dB for MAE respectively. The results obtained from the PSO optimized model demonstrated a better performance which is suitable for cell coverage planning and smooth handoff processes.
Abstract—The article emphasized the importance and the necessity for mobile network operators to visualize infrastructure sharing as an essential phase of development in the life cycle of mobile telecommunication industry in Nigeria. With the unprecedented network infrastructure challenges characterized by unfavourable business environment and the need for quick network deployment, prompted the need for harmonizing, collaboration and consolidation by the key service providers to reduce the OPEX and CAPEX while at the same time provide quality service delivery. The idea of telecom operators to pursue the policy of doing it alone on the ground to be the first network to reach a certain subscribers base should never be entertained in the Nigerian telecom industry. Numerous benefits ranging from network availability, reliability, innovation, expansion, customer satisfaction and economic sustainability are harnessed from telecom infrastructure sharing and therefore should be enforceable by the regulatory agency to ensure collaboration by the Nigerian network providers.
VOLTAGE STABILITY IN NIGERIA 330KV INTEGRATED 52 BUS POWER NETWORK USING PATT...Onyebuchi nosiri
ABSTRACT Detecting the voltage instability in advance enables remedial actions and preventive measures to cushion the effect of the oncoming voltage collapse phenomenon in power systems. This was achieved by implementing Pattern Recognition Techniques (PRTs) in conjunction with Power System Simulator for Engineering (PSSE) program. It was then deployed in Nigeria 330KV Integrated 52 bus power system to actualize Regularized Least Squares Classification (RLSC) and Classification and Regression Trees (CART) heuristic methods. The methods were deployed for separating voltage stability and unstable cases that resulted under system contingencies and fault conditions. Dynamic simulation, system voltage stability and unstable/instability cases results, and the channel outputs of these voltage cases against time were realized.
Voltage Stability Investigation of the Nigeria 330KV Interconnected Grid Syst...Onyebuchi nosiri
ABSTRACT: Voltage stability investigation of the Nigeria 330kV grid Power Network was carried out using Eigenvalues method. The power system Jacobian matrix was derived using Newton-Raphson power flow solution iterative method to determine the eigenvalues for the voltage stability evaluation of both the existing 28-bus and improved 52-bus Nigeria 330kV power networks. Positive and negative eigenvalues quantifying the power system voltage stability were identified. For a steady state power system, positive and negative eigenvalues showed stable and unstable systems respectively. The eigenvalues voltage stability method was developed, formulated and implemented on the existing 28-bus and proposed improved 52-bus Nigeria 330kV power networks. The various eigenvalues, eigenvectors, participation factors and weak buses contributing to system voltage instability were determined using Matlab/SIMULINK Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) for these power networks.
VOLTAGE STABILITY IN NIGERIA 330KV INTEGRATED 52 BUS POWER NETWORK USING PATT...Onyebuchi nosiri
ABSTRACT Detecting the voltage instability in advance enables remedial actions and preventive measures to cushion the effect of the oncoming voltage collapse phenomenon in power systems. This was achieved by implementing Pattern Recognition Techniques (PRTs) in conjunction with Power System Simulator for Engineering (PSSE) program. It was then deployed in Nigeria 330KV Integrated 52 bus power system to actualize Regularized Least Squares Classification (RLSC) and Classification and Regression Trees (CART) heuristic methods. The methods were deployed for separating voltage stability and unstable cases that resulted under system contingencies and fault conditions. Dynamic simulation, system voltage stability and unstable/instability cases results, and the channel outputs of these voltage cases against time were realized.
Abstract This paper presents the design and implementation of a quadcopter capable of payload delivery. A quadcopter is a unique unmanned aerial vehicle which has the capability of vertical take-off and landing. In this design, the quadcopter was controlled wirelessly from a ground control station using radio frequency. It was modeled mathematically considering its attitude and altitude, and a simulation carried out in MATLAB by designing a proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller was applied to a mathematical model. The PID controller parameters were then applied to the real system. Finally, the output of the simulation and the prototype were compared both in the presence and absence of disturbances. The results showed that the quadcopter was stable and able to compensate for the external disturbances.
Investigation of TV White Space for Maximum Spectrum Utilization in a Cellula...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract— The shortage of spectrum resource availability in wireless communication network due to the rapid increase in the number of subscribers and multimedia applications has given rise to the need for effective spectrum utilization of the licensed spectrum. Cognitive Radio Technology (CRT) was adopted for the system analysis due to its dynamism in accommodating both licensed and unlicensed users within a particular spectrum band. The study framework comprised television station channels in Owerri and its environs and Mobile Telecommunication Networks (MTN) in Owerri- the capital of Imo State, Nigeria as the license and unlicensed users respectively. An outdoor twenty-four hour spectrum occupancy measurement was carried out in the frequency bands of the licensed networks using 240-960 MHz Radio Frequency Spectrum analyzer to determine the spectral usage of the licensed user. A threshold of -95 dB was used to determine the presence of the licensed users. From the results obtained, it was observed that 60.7% of the spectrum band covered was unoccupied, 31.5% was not fully occupied while 7.9% was fully occupied. Energy Detection spectrum approach was implemented by the unlicensed users for easy determination of the spectrum status and resource management. The research therefore determines the status of Radio Frequency (RF) Spectrum receivable in Owerri and its environs and proffer measures deployable in harnessing the unused RF resources using CRT.
Path Loss Characterization of 3G Wireless Signal for Urban and Suburban Envir...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract - The characteristic effects of propagation environment on wireless communication signals are significant on the transmitted and received signal quality. The study focused on investigative analysis of the effects of propagation environment on the wireless communication signals within some geographical domains in Port Harcourt, River State. Field measurements were carried out in some selected areas namely GRA phase II and Aggrey Road categorized as urban and Sub urban areas respectively using Sony Ericsson (W995) Test Phone and GPS receiver (BU353). The analyses were based on linear regression (mean square error) approach. The computed path loss exponents and standard deviation based on the empirical analyses conducted for urban and suburban environments are 3.57dB, 2.98dB and 19.6, 13.2, respectively. The results obtained were used to compare the performance of the various existing path loss prediction models such as Okumura-Hata, Cost 231 and ECC-33. Okumura-Hata model showed better performance in urban environment while Cost 231 performed better in rural environment. They study therefore recommends the deployment of Okumura-Hata model in urban, while Cost 231for suburban study areas.
Signal Strength Evaluation of a 3G Network in Owerri Metropolis Using Path Lo...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract: In this work, the path loss and the received signal strength of a 3G network at 2.1GHz was evaluated to determine its performance within the Owerri metropolis. Various measuring equipment such as Transmission Evaluation and Monitoring System (TEMS 11), Global positioning system (BU353 GPS) and laptop were deployed for the drive test within the selected urban and sub-urban regions. From the data collected, Owerri sub-urban region showed poor received signal power level compared to the Owerri urban region. The path loss exponents computed for the Owerri urban and sub-urban regions are 3.24 and 4.34 respectively, the mean square error was evaluated as 1.96 and 1.68. The result obtained showed deviations between the compared existing models (Hata and Cost 231) and the proposed models. However, the slope of the Hata plot was relatively close in comparison to the proposed model than that of Cost 231; hence, the proposed model was best suited for the environment followed by the Hata model.
Investigation of TV White Space for Maximum Spectrum Utilization in a Cellula...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract— The shortage of spectrum resource availability in wireless communication network due to the rapid increase in the number of subscribers and multimedia applications has given rise to the need for effective spectrum utilization of the licensed spectrum. Cognitive Radio Technology (CRT) was adopted for the system analysis due to its dynamism in accommodating both licensed and unlicensed users within a particular spectrum band. The study framework comprised television station channels in Owerri and its environs and Mobile Telecommunication Networks (MTN) in Owerri- the capital of Imo State, Nigeria as the license and unlicensed users respectively. An outdoor twenty-four hour spectrum occupancy measurement was carried out in the frequency bands of the licensed networks using 240-960 MHz Radio Frequency Spectrum analyzer to determine the spectral usage of the licensed user. A threshold of -95 dB was used to determine the presence of the licensed users. From the results obtained, it was observed that 60.7% of the spectrum band covered was unoccupied, 31.5% was not fully occupied while 7.9% was fully occupied. Energy Detection spectrum approach was implemented by the unlicensed users for easy determination of the spectrum status and resource management. The research therefore determines the status of Radio Frequency (RF) Spectrum receivable in Owerri and its environs and proffer measures deployable in harnessing the unused RF resources using CRT.
Evaluation of Percentage Capacity Loss on LTE Network Caused by Intermodulati...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract- The paper evaluates the effects of third order Intermodulation Distortion (IMD3) on the Long Term Evolution (LTE) receiver due to coexistence between LTE and GSM networks. Amongst the various existing IMD orders which include first order, second order, third order, fifth order and seventh order. Third order is known to have the greatest distortion effects on a receiver due to its strength and its proximity to the frequency band of interest. It occurs as a result of the non-linear behavior of components or circuit at both the transmitter and receiver ends of wireless communication networks. IMD has potential negative effects on a victim receiver which majorly leads to increase in noise floor level and system capacity degradation. Deterministic approach was implemented in the work assuming worst case scenario. MATLAB software simulation was deployed to evaluate the capacity loss at the receiver end relative to a range of distances apart. Results obtained showed severe uplink capacity degradation when VISAFONE LTE network was interfered by INTERCELLULAR LTE downlink and ETISALAT GSM uplink. Various distances ranging from 500m to 3000m were varied between the ETISALAT GSM network and the VISAFONE LTE network. The results obtained showed that at 500 meters, the percentage capacity degradation was as high as 80. The least percentage capacity loss was obtained as 5.97 at 3000 meters.
Modelling, Simulation and Analysis of a Low-Noise Block Converter (LNBC) Used...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract— Modelling, Simulation and analysis of Low Noise Block Converter(LNBC) used for Communication Satellite reception using MATLAB is a work that tends to use some aspect of Computer Engineering tools to realise LNBC fundamentals where Channels programming sources provided programming for Broadcasting , the method involves using MATLAB to illustrate how microwave frequencies receives from Satellite are documented to lower block and range of frequencies, analysis of various LNBC was carried out with a view to drawing comparison between various signals, a test of faulty LNBC was carried out with LNBC schematics, simulation result were provided to show various responses with regards Modelling input waveguide signal, corrupted signal, filtered signal, modulated signal and recovered signals.
Design and Implementation of a Simple HMC6352 2-Axis-MR Digital Compass Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract— This paper deals with the design and implementation of a simple HMC6352 2-axis digital compass. Most compasses have been of the analogue type with magnetic needles as pointers. Replacing the “old” magnetic needle compass or the gyrocompass by an electronic solution offers advantages like having a solid-state component without moving parts and the ease of interfacing with other electronic systems. In this work, the aim is to design and implement a digital compass. To realize this, we made use of HMC6352 which is a 2-axis MR (magneto-resistive) sensor from Honeywell, Arduino Uno board with an onboard ATmega328 microcontroller chip, and a 16x2 character Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).We adopted the magneto-resistive (MR) technology as compared to flux-gate sensors common in most electronic compasses which has the disadvantage of making the device bulky. The trial test carried out with the completed HMC6352 digital compass showed a reading of 232.8 degrees West indicating its effectiveness in direction finding.
An Embedded Voice Activated Automobile Speed Limiter: A Design Approach for C...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract : The paper presents an improved design feature for conventional automobile speed limiters installed on cars used in Nigerian. The feature introduces an embedded voice activated prompt command system. The system was primarily designed to alert the Driver through a voice activated command when the speed of the car accelerates from 80km/hr to 95km/hr at an interval of 5km/hr. This became necessary to avoid abrupt jerking of the car at the maximum speed limit of 100km/hr and also functions as informative to the driver when attempts are made on unsafe movements such as inadequate/wrong calculated overtaking. Components such as resistors, diodes, transistors and relays were implemented in the design. Arduino UNO was used as the main controller of the system. Softwares such as Multisim and Proteus 8.5 professional were incorporated in the design with the use of C programming language for codes development. Algorithm was developed to enhance adequate system control. The simulated system demonstrated satisfactory performance based on the design specifications. Keywords
Coverage and Capacity Performance Degradation on a Co-Located Network Involvi...Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract—Coverage and capacity performance in a cellular network determines the system potentials. If the coverage radius is limited, end users suffer poor service quality, if the system capacity reduces, fewer subscribers will be accommodated. This paper investigated the performance effects of the noise rise caused by the spurious emission from a co-located jammer involving downlink frequency of CDMA2000 and uplink frequency of WCDMA operating at 1.9GHz. Measurements were carried out to evaluate the impact on the coverage radius and the system capacity.
Comparative Study of Path Loss Models for Wireless Communication in Urban and...Onyebuchi nosiri
ABSTRACT: The study was based on the comparative analysis of radio propagation models for Global System for Mobile Communications at 900MHz. Drive test analyses were carried out from two selected terrains in Rivers State namely GRA Phase II and Aggrey Road classified as urban and suburban areas respectively, to evaluate the best propagation model for the study area. The data obtained were used to compare the various prediction models namely; Cost 231, Okumura-Hata and ECC-33. Mean path loss values of 115.16dB for Okumura-Hata and 117.79dB for COST 231 and 280.88dB for ECC-33 respectively were predicted in the urban environment. Mean path loss values of 115.16dB, 114.76dB and 314.84dB were predicted by Okumura-Hata, Cost 231and ECC-33 models respectively in the suburban environment. ECC-33 over estimated path loss and gave the highest prediction in both environments. Okumura-Hata model showed better performance in urban while COST 231 performed better in the suburban environment. Okumura-hata and COST 231 models are recommended for deployment in urban and suburban environments respectively.
Enhancing Wireless Communication using Software-Defined Radio Architecture Onyebuchi nosiri
Abstract – Software-Defined Radio (SDR) is a rapidly evolving technology that is receiving enormous recognition and generating widespread interest in the telecommunication industry. It facilitates implementation of the physical and link layer protocols-in effect entire wireless system,-in software. A side effect of the rapid growth of wireless system technology in the recent past is an excess of wireless system standards. Therefore the SDR concept is emerging as a pragmatic solution. It aims to build flexible radio systems which are multiple-Defined Radio architectures as a prototyping, tool for wireless baseband signal processor implementations is explored. Signal processing implementations is explored. Signal processing architectures and algorithms for the physical layer of IEEE 802.11g- the latest release from the popular IEEE family of wireless standards-is developed and simulated in Matlab and Simulink. The integrity of the developed model is verified by measurement of the constellation versus signal to noise ratio (SNR) and Bit error Rate (BER) versus SNR graph, which are reported. The IEEE 802.11g PHY model is then translated to software (C++) with the aid of Real-Time workshop software tool. The generated codes can then be targeted on a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) or other programmable hardware modules.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.