The document discusses the integration of optical networking technologies with mobile networks, highlighting the importance of advancing optical capabilities for better performance in areas such as latency, energy efficiency, and reliability. It outlines various innovations and market demands driving optical network development, including applications like deterministic networking and optical-wireless integration. Ultimately, the paper emphasizes that the success of optical networking depends on meeting technological advancements with market needs, while acknowledging the critical role of deep fiber availability.

1. Optical and mobile networks:
Jörg-Peter Elbers
ECOC 2019
friends or foes?
This work has received funding from the
European Union's Horizon 2020 research and
innovation programs under grant agreements
No. 761727 (METRO-HAUL), No. 762057
(5G-PICTURE), and No. 762055 (BlueSpace).
.

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Competition, cooperation, or co-opetition?
How important will optics be for mobile networks?
RU
RU RU
RU+DU
RU RU+DU
RU+DU
CU
Fx Fronthaul F1 Fronthaul NG Backhaul
Core
RU
Easy & simple: Virtual fiber

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• More spectrum
• Higher cell density
• Advanced beam steering
• THz and light communications
• Lower latency
• Better energy efficiency
• Improved reliability
• More efficiency through automation
We will see more optical networking towards the edge
What comes after 5G?

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The bigger picture …
Applications
Platform and infrastructure
Base technologies
ehang.com

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Customer and market requirements
Areas for optical network innovation
... and the optical networking opportunities
Zero-touch
operation
Instantaneous
response
Access
anywhere
Intrinsic
security
Sustainable
capacity growth
Flexible capacity scaling
Ultra-high energy efficiency
Optical integration 2.0
Deterministic networking
New switching paradigms
Network analytics and telemetry
AI-enabled network automation
HW and SW disaggregation
“Fiber in the sky”
Optical-wireless integration
Quantum-safe communication
Security for mission-critical services
Inspired by: EU Photonics21 & Networld2020 Strategic Research & Innovation Agendas

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Conclusion
Optical networking will be successful where technology push meets market pull
Key optical networking assets:
High capacity, low latency, intrinsic security, and energy efficiency
We will see more optical-wireless integration on the network and system side
Deep fiber availability is and will become a more crucial issue

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A few examples

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Deterministic networking
Low-latency timing-accurate mobile x-haul based on SDN-enabled 100G Ethernet aggregator
RoE
BH
TrafficAnalyzer
10G
100G100G
10G
1GIEEE 1588v2 PTP
(grand master)
IEEE 1588v2 PTP
slave (probe)
10G10G
10G10G
10G 10G
BBU
GNSS
RRH
PTP
10G 10G
Central Office Remote Node
…
RoE
RoE
NETCONF/YANG
Controller
100G100G
FUSION
IP Core
MAC 100G PHY
MAC
10G
PHY
MAC
10G BH
…
x6…8
10G
PHY
100G MAC100G PHY
FUSION
IP Core
MAC
MAC
100G Aggregator Node (time sensitive)
1G PTP
100GMAC 100G PHY
10G PHY MAC10G FH
10G FH
…
x4
1G PHY
10G PHY
…
10G
10G
…
Backhaul
Service Configuration
and Monitoring
…
…
…
PTP
TrafficEmulator
…
Traffic
Generator
100G Transport Node (time sensitive)
…
…
SM
GST 100GbE ingress
treated as GST
FH bounded delay aggregation
Dagg = Store-fw MTU@10G +
serve all other streams
(F  1) MTU@100Gbps +
transmission of packet
MTU@100Gbps 100G
1G
Paper Tu3B.3
Fronthaul traffic
(1522 Byte MTU):
• <3.1µs agg+deagg latency
(1µs from MAC/PHY)
• <0.6µs transit node latency
• 5µs per fiber-km
PTP traffic:
• <±75ns time error
(w/o additional means)
Best
demo
award

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“Fiber in the sky” field trial
13.16Tbit/s FSO transmission over 10.45km for geostationary satellite feeders
16QAM
QPSK
Sample BER
QuadFlex
Transponder
DP-16QAM
DP-8QAM
DP-QPSK
DP-16QAM
modulator
SP-QSPK
test signal
…25x Even channels
100 GHz spacing
DP-16QAM
modulator
…26x Odd channels
100 GHz spacing
OGS
terminal
EDFA
EDFA
EDFA
EDFA EDFAcoupler
coupler
coupler
coupler
WSS
QuadFlex
Transponder
DP-16QAM
DP-8QAM
DP-QPSK
coupler
SAT
terminal
EDFA
QuadFlex
Transponder
DP-16QAM
DP-8QAM
DP-QPSK
QuadFlex
Transponder
DP-16QAM
DP-8QAM
DP-QPSK
SP-QSPK
test signal
Opt. power
measurement
2x up to 275.8 Gbit/s
51 x 245.3 Gbit/s
100 Gbit/s
Up to 13.16 Tbit/s
10.45 km
free-space
DLR
Weilheim
DWD
Hohenpeissenberg
10.45km
free space
link

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Optical-wireless integration
G.698.4 (ex. G.metro) demo system and auto-tuning transmitters
Tx Array
1
L
C
3 DEMUX
Rx Array
CyclicAWG
MUX
TE 2
T-LD
Rx
L
C
TE 1
T-LD
Rx
L
C
2
1
3
2
Head-end Tail-end
Red C-band
Blue C-band
TE 3
RN
Wave
locker
+ DSP
VOA
BBU
BBU
RRH
<20km SMF
10%
90%
3,3mm
1,6mm
VCSEL Polymer
Transmitter
options

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From o-w integration towards an optical radio
Analog transmission of µwave signals over multi-core fiber (MCF) between CO and cell site;
Beam forming using true-time-delay network in central office, MCF, and phase array antenna
Latency measurement using correlation OTDR to control skew between MCF cores
Central office (CO)
Passive
ODN
Cell site
Data
source
Coding+Tx
Coding+Tx
Coding+Tx
Coding+Tx Mod
λ
Mod
Mod
Optical
beam
forming
networkMod
MCF
λ
PIN – TIA - PA
PIN – TIA - PA
PIN – TIA - PA
PIN – TIA - PA
Latency
measurement
Antenna
array

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Optical-wireless integration on network level
Video surveillance demo at EUCNC 2019
Virtual machine
Video
management
system
Compute node
AMEN
(access metro edge node)
Virtual machine
Video analytics
Compute node
MCEN
(metro core edge node)
Core networkRemote client
Fixed camera
Metro network
controlled by NFV network service
Demonstrated here separately with partially emulated data
plane (ROADMs, transceivers, …)
PTZ camera
High-bandwidth video and low-latency control traffic

13. Thank you
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